Moderate-intensity aerobic training reduces cardiac damage attributable to experimental iron overload in rats.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? The current literature indicates that oxidative stress plays a major role in iron overload. Although exercise is a well-established approach to treat/prevent cardiovascular diseases, its effects on iron overload are not known. What is the main finding and its importance? Moderate-intensity aerobic training had benefits in a rodent model of iron-overload cardiomyopathy by improving the antioxidant capacity of the heart.

Histologic correlation of VEGF and COX-2 expression with tumor size in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx.

The prognosis and survival of patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are related to the clinical staging. Tumor growth and metastasis are closely related to angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) are intimately related to the angiogenic process in which the blood supply required for neoplastic evolution is ensured.

Filling Material Removal with Reciprocating and Rotary Systems Associated with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation.

Objective: The purpose of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the filling material removal ability, and the time required to perform this procedure, of reciprocating and conventional rotary systems when associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation.

Methods: The palatal roots of 40 maxillary molars were submitted to root canal preparation and filling. The desobturation of root canals was initially performed with Largo burs in the coronal portion (4 mm) to drill the gutta-percha and to facilitate the action of the instruments used then.

[Auditory Neuropathy: Clinical Evaluation and Diagnostic Approach].

Introduction: Auditory neuropathy is a condition in which there is a change in the neuronal transmission of the auditory stimuli. Our objective was to describe the patients' series within the clinical spectrum of auditory neuropathy.

Material And Methods: We designed a transversal, retrospective study, with a description of a consecutive case series.

Performance of Cochlear Implants in Pediatric Patients with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder.

Objective: To describe the performance and results of CIs (cochlear implant) in patients with AN (auditory neuropathy) and to present a medical literature review.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients with AN who were treated with CI. The mesh terms used for the review in the Pubmed and Scopus databases were as follows: "hearing loss, cochlear implants, rehabilitation of persons with hearing impairment, auditory neuropathy".

Molecular study of patients with auditory neuropathy.

Auditory neuropathy is a type of hearing loss that constitutes a change in the conduct of the auditory stimulus by the involvement of inner hair cells or auditory nerve synapses. It is characterized by the absence or alteration of waves in the examination of brainstem auditory evoked potentials, with otoacoustic and/or cochlear microphonic issues. At present, four loci associated with non‑syndromic auditory neuropathy have been mapped: Autosomal recessive deafness‑9 [DFNB9; the otoferlin (OTOF) gene] and autosomal recessive deafness‑59 [DFNB59; the pejvakin (PJVK) gene], associated with autosomal recessive inheritance; the autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy gene [AUNA1; the diaphanous‑3 (DIAPH3) gene]; and AUNX1, linked to chromosome X.

Satisfaction of Children with Auditory Neuropathy and Cochlear Implant.

Objective: In auditory neuropathy (AN) a dyssynchrony in the nerve conduction of the auditory nerve fibers is observed. Typically, patients with AN exhibit moderate to profound sensorineural hearing loss, and treatment using cochlear implants (CIs) or hearing aids should be performed as early as possible for a better hearing rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the satisfaction level of patients with AN spectrum disorder treated using CIs.

Apical Transportation, Centering Ability, and Cleaning Effectiveness of Reciprocating Single-file System Associated with Different Glide Path Techniques.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the apical transportation, the centering ability, and the cleaning effectiveness of a reciprocating single-file system associated to different glide path techniques.

Methods: The mesial root canals of 52 mandibular molars were randomly distributed into 4 groups (n = 13) according to the different glide path techniques used before biomechanical preparation with Reciproc System (RS): KF/RS (sizes 10 and 15 K-files), NGP/RS (no glide path, only reciprocating system), PF/RS (sizes 13, 16, and 19 PathFile instruments), and NP (no preparation). Cone-beam computed tomography analysis was performed before and after instrumentation for apical third images acquisition.

HiFocus Helix™ electrode insertion: surgical approach.

Background: Cochlear implants have been used for almost 30 years as a device for the rehabilitation of individuals with severe-to-profound hearing loss. One of the important aspects of cochlear implantation is the type of electrode selected and proper insertion of the electrode array in scala tympani to minimize cochlear damage. The HiFocus Helix™ electrode is a precurved design aimed at placing the electrode contacts close to the spiral ganglion cells in the modiolus.

High levels of sound pressure: acoustic reflex thresholds and auditory complaints of workers with noise exposure.

Introduction: The clinical evaluation of subjects with occupational noise exposure has been difficult due to the discrepancy between auditory complaints and auditory test results. This study aimed to evaluate the contralateral acoustic reflex thresholds of workers exposed to high levels of noise, and to compare these results to the subjects' auditory complaints.

Methods: This clinical retrospective study evaluated 364 workers between 1998 and 2005; their contralateral acoustic reflexes were compared to auditory complaints, age, and noise exposure time by chi-squared, Fisher's, and Spearman's tests.

Audiogram comparison of workers from five professional categories.

Introduction: Noise is a major cause of health disorders in workers and has unique importance in the auditory analysis of people exposed to it. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the arithmetic mean of the auditory thresholds at frequencies of 3, 4, and 6 kHz of workers from five professional categories exposed to occupational noise.

Methods: We propose a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study to analyze 2.

Hearing preservation and cochlear implants according to inner ear approach: multicentric evaluation.

Introduction: Electroacoustic stimulation is an excellent option for people with residual hearing in the low frequencies, who obtain insufficient benefit with hearing aids. To be effective, the subject's residual hearing should be preserved during cochlear implant surgery.

Objectives: To evaluate the hearing preservation in patients that underwent implant placement and to compare the results in accordance with the approach to the inner ear.

Sensorineural hearing loss in hemorrhagic dengue?

Introduction: Dengue is an acute febrile infectious disease, with high fever followed by symptoms flu-like. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a vascular leak syndrome and could present spontaneous bleeding and worsening of symptoms after some days. Dengue could have some ENT manifestations, however hearing loss is not one of them.

Correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor expression and presence of lymph node metastasis in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the larynx, and its evolution depends on tumor staging. Vascular endothelial growth factor is a marker of angiogenesis, and its expression may be related to increased tumor aggressiveness, as evidenced by the presence of cervical lymphatic metastases.

Objectives: To evaluate the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor marker in non-glottic advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (T3/T4) and correlate it with the presence of cervical lymph node metastases.

Association between unilateral tonsillar enlargement and lymphoma in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lymphoma is the most common head and neck malignancy in children, and palatine tonsils asymmetry is the most frequent clinical manifestation of tonsillar lymphoma. However, several studies with children with tonsillar asymmetry found no case of lymphoma, showing that the relationship of tonsillar asymmetry with lymphoma is unclear. In this review, we aimed to identify the association between tonsillar asymmetry and tonsillar lymphoma in children by conducting systematic reviews of the literature on children with palatine tonsil lymphoma and tonsillar asymmetry.

Stapedial reflex and recruitment: what is the relationship with tinnitus?

Tinnitus is characterized by an auditory perception of sound, with no stimuli from the external environment. Tinnitus is an increasingly significant complaint, affecting 10-17% of the world population. As a symptom, it should always be considered with pathology in the auditory system.

Histologic correlation of expression of Ki-67 in squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis according to the degree of cell differentiation.

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the larynx and glottis, and its prognosis depends on the size of the lesion, level of local invasion, cervical lymphatic spread, and presence of distant metastases. Ki-67 (MKI67) is a protein present in the core, whose function is related to cell proliferation.

Aim: To evaluate the expression of marker Ki-67 in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and glottis and its correlation to pathological findings.

Otorhinolaryngological findings in a group of patients with rheumatic diseases.

Introduction: Otorhinolaryngological manifestations of rheumatologic diseases represent a great challenge not only to the generalistphysician but also to the ENT doctor andrheumatologist. They often represent early manifestations of an autoimmune disorder which requires prompt and aggressive immunosuppressive treatment. Auditory, nasal, laryngeal and eye symptoms can be the first manifestation of rheumatic diseases and their proper assessment helps the doctor to identify signs of disease activity.

Clinical manifestations in children with tonsillar lymphoma: A systematic review.

Background: The lymphoma is the most common childhood malignancy in the head and neck. Approximately 15% of head and neck lymphomas in children affect the Waldeyer's ring. Early diagnosis and treatment are of great importance in the prognosis of tonsillar lymphoma patients.

[Facial palsy and pregnancy: management and treatment].

Purpose: To compare the degree of peripheral facial palsy of pregnant women and puerperae at admission and at discharge and to evaluate related factors.

Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study, with analysis of medical records of pregnant and postpartum women with facial palsy, over a period of 12 months, with application of a standardized protocol for patient evaluation and of the House-Brackmann scale on the occasion of the first visit and at discharge.

Results: Six patients were identified, mean age of 22.