BESPOKE study protocol: a multicentre, prospective observational study to evaluate the impact of circulating tumour DNA guided therapy on patients with colorectal cancer.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent disease, wherein, ~30%-40% of patients with CRC relapse postresection. In some patients with CRC, adjuvant chemotherapy can help delay recurrence or be curative. However, current biomarkers show limited clinical utility in determining if/when chemotherapy should be administered, to provide benefit.

An evidence-based systematic review of vitamin A by the natural standard research collaboration.

An evidence-based systematic review of vitamin A by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration consolidates the safety and efficacy data available in the scientific literature using a validated and reproducible grading rationale. This paper includes written and statistical analysis of clinical trials, plus a compilation of expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.

An evidence-based systematic review of vanadium by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration.

An evidence-based systematic review of vanadium by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration consolidates the safety and efficacy data available in the scientific literature using a validated, reproducible grading rationale. This article includes written and statistical analysis of clinical trials, plus a compilation of expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.

An evidence-based systematic review of spearmint by the natural standard research collaboration.

An evidence-based systematic review of spearmint (Mentha spicata, Mentha viridis) including written and statistical analysis of scientific literature, expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.

Enhancement of sphingosine kinase 1 catalytic activity by deletion of 21 amino acids from the COOH-terminus.

Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) responds to a variety of growth factor signals by increasing catalytic activity as it translocates to the plasma membrane (PM). Several studies have identified amino acids residues involved in translocation yet how SphK1 increases its catalytic activity remains to be elucidated. Herein, we report that deletion of 21 amino acids from the COOH-terminus of SphK1 (1-363) results in increased catalytic activity relative to wild-type SphK1 (1-384) which is independent of the phosphorylation state of Serine 225 and PMA stimulation.

Sphingosine kinase 1 localized to the plasma membrane lipid raft microdomain overcomes serum deprivation induced growth inhibition.

Several studies have demonstrated that sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) translocates to the plasma membrane (PM) upon its activation and further suggested the plasma membrane lipid raft microdomain (PMLRM) as a target for SphK1 relocalization. To date, however, direct evidence of SphK1 localization to the PMLRM has been lacking. In this report, using multiple biochemical and subcellular fractionation techniques we demonstrate that endogenous SphK1 protein and its substrate, D-erythro-sphingosine, are present within the PMLRM.

Natural products as inhibitors of carcinogenesis.

Background: Although carcinogenesis and cancer have been studied intensively for > 50 years, the rates of cancer incidence and mortality remain high. The most successful approach for reducing these rates has been primary prevention. For individuals at a high risk of developing cancer owing to certain genetic, environmental and occupational factors, cancer chemoprevention is a logical approach.

The effect of lead on insecticide metabolism.

The possibility that lead could affect the metabolism of the insecticide 1,1-dichloro-2, 2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane, DDD, was examined by studies of the effects of chronic oral Pb treatment on DDD conversion to 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)acetic acid, DDA. Rats were given either distilled deionized water or 0.05, 0.

Higher-Order Structure-Of-Intellect Abilities.

Using data available from the published reports of factor analyses performed by the Aptitudes Research Project at the University of Southern California, investigations were made into the possibility of demonstrating higher-order factorial abilities latent in those data. Since the policy in those analyses had been to rotate axes orthogonally rather than obliquely, there was no direct information regarding intercorrelations among first-order or basic factors. By combining salient tests for each basic factor, and using their loadings on the obtained factors, correlations were estimated among representatives of those factors.

Intelligence has three facets. There are numerous intellectual abilities, but they fall neatly into a rational system.

In this limited space I have attempted to convey information regarding progress in discovering the nature of human intelligence. By intensive factor-analytic investigation, mostly within the past 20 years, the multifactor picture of intelligence has grown far beyond the expectations of those who have been most concerned. A comprehensive, systematic theoretical model known as the "structure of intellect" has been developed to put rationality into the picture.