Global burden of subarachnoid hemorrhage among adolescents and young adults aged 15-39 years: A trend analysis study from 1990 to 2021.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the global burden of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021, highlighting spatial and temporal trends and providing insights for future public health strategies.

Methods: Data were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021), which includes comprehensive evaluations of health conditions and associated risk factors across 204 countries and territories. The focus was on SAH incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) among AYAs.

Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis identifies three distinct subtypes of pituitary adenomas: insights into tumor behavior, prognosis, and stem cell characteristics.

Background: Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are the second most common intracranial tumor. While current diagnostic practices rely primarily on histological testing, they often fail to capture the molecular complexities of pituitary adenomas, underscoring the need for a molecular-based classification to refine therapeutic strategies and prognostic assessments. This study aims to provide a molecularly unbiased classification of pituitary adenomas and explore their unique gene expression patterns and clinical features.

Cavernous Malformation From Cranial Nerves: A Systematic Review With a Novel Classification and Patient-Level Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Cavernous malformations (CMs) occurring in the cranial nerve (CN) are extremely rare, and there is currently no comprehensive review on CN CMs, leading to a lack of sufficient understanding of CN CMs. We aimed to systematically review all published CN CM cases; summarize the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis of CN CMs; and identify factors influencing the prognosis of CN CMs.

Methods: This systematic review identified all cases potentially diagnosed with CN CM through a systematic search of PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases.

Identification of distinct tumor cell patterns with single-cell RNA sequencing integrating primary lung adenocarcinoma and brain metastasis tumor.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common form of lung cancer and is often accompanied by brain metastasis (BM). The heterogeneity of the tumor renders all current conventional treatments less effective. This study aims to dissect tumor cell heterogeneity and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Laser interstitial thermal therapy in the treatment of brain metastases: the relationship between changes in postoperative magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and tumor recurrence.

Background: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) has been used to treat brain metastases (BMs) in several countries, and its safety and effectiveness have been confirmed. In most cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals an increase in tumor volume with an enhanced margin after LITT. However, little is known about the relationship between this MRI change and tumor recurrence.

Identification and gene expression profiling of human gonadotrophic pituitary adenoma stem cells.

Background: Gonadotrophic pituitary adenoma is a major subtype of pituitary adenoma in the sellar region, but it is rarely involved in the hypersecretion of hormones into blood; thus, it is commonly regarded as "non-functioning." Its tumorigenic mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to identify human gonadotrophic pituitary adenoma stem cells (hPASCs) and explore the underlying gene expression profiles.

Surgical Experience of Transcranial Approaches to Large-to-Giant Pituitary Adenomas in Knosp Grade 4.

Pituitary adenomas in Knosp grade 4 are difficult to resect completely and are generally involved in poor prognosis, because of the close relationship between the tumor and internal carotid. In this study, the authors retrospectively reviewed the outcome of different transcranial approaches in the management of large-to-giant pituitary adenomas in Knosp grade 4. A total of 42 patients with large-to-giant pituitary adenomas in Knosp grade 4, who underwent craniotomy in the Pituitary Disease Subdivision, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, between March 2012 and March 2015 were included in this study.

Combined Application of Sodium Fluorescein and Neuronavigation Techniques in the Resection of Brain Gliomas.

To explore the effectiveness and safety of the combined application of sodium fluorescein and neuronavigation techniques in the resection of brain gliomas in different locations and patients of different ages. Fifty clinical cases of brain gliomas treated at the Department of Neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital were collected from March 2014 to March 2019. These cases were divided into a supratentorial group (24 cases) and a brainstem group (26 cases) based on location and an adult group (28 cases) and a pediatric group (22 cases) based on age.

Malignant Progression Contributes to the Failure of Combination Therapy for Atypical Meningiomas.

Objective: To investigate the independent risk factors for recurrence in intracranial atypical meningiomas (AMs) treated with gross total resection (GTR) and early external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Methods: Clinical, radiological, and pathological data of intracranial AMs treated with GTR-plus-early-EBRT between January 2008 and July 2016 were reviewed. Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 was performed.

Comprehensive analysis of the immunological landscape of pituitary adenomas: implications of immunotherapy for pituitary adenomas.

Purposes: Immunotherapies for solid tumor are gaining traction in the clinic, however, the immunological landscape of pituitary adenomas (PAs) is not well defined. In the present study, we used the RNA-seq data of PAs to investigate the impact of immunological landscape on clinical features of pituitary adenomas and aim to evaluate the potential immunotherapy for PAs.

Methods: We analyzed tumor-infiltrating immune cells in 115 PA samples using RNA-seq.

MicroRNA-221/222 Inhibits the Radiation-Induced Invasiveness and Promotes the Radiosensitivity of Malignant Meningioma Cells.

The controversy of adjuvant radiotherapy of meningiomas is at least partially due to the insufficient understanding on meningioma cells' response to irradiation and the shortage of radiosensitivity-promotion methods. and were identified as critical regulators of radiosensitivity in several other tumors. However, their effect in meningiomas has yet to be confirmed.

A Novel Imaging Grading Biomarker for Predicting Hearing Loss in Acoustic Neuromas.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate an imaging biomarker based on contrast enhanced T1-weighted and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the hearing loss related to acoustic neuromas (AN).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 441 acoustic neuromas treated with microsurgery were included. The diagnostic and follow-up MRI and audiometry of these patients were compared.

Inhibition of PLK4 might enhance the anti-tumour effect of bortezomib on glioblastoma via PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common aggressive cancers of the central nervous system in adults with a high mortality rate. Bortezomib is a boronic acid-based potent proteasome inhibitor that has been actively studied for its anti-tumour effects through inhibition of the proteasome. The proteasome is a key component of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway that is critical for protein homeostasis, regulation of cellular growth, and apoptosis.

A clinical study of ocular motor nerve functions after petroclival meningioma resection.

Background: Ocular motor dysfunction is one of the most common postoperative complications of petroclival meningioma. However, its incidence, recovery rate, and independent risk factors remain poorly explored.

Methods: A prospective analysis of 31 petroclival meningiomas was performed.

Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Features of Intracranial Fibrosarcoma.

Background: Intracranial fibrosarcoma is an extremely rare neoplasm in the central nervous system. Insofar there were only sporadic case reports describing its features. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical and surgical features of cases who were treated in our department.

Rutin induces apoptosis via P53 up-regulation in human glioma CHME cells.

Background: Flavonoids, despite having low nutritional value, have numerous biological activities and extremely beneficial health effects. This study investigated the anticancer activity of rutin in human glioma CHME cells.

Methods: Cytotoxicity was determined through the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

A Logistic Regression Model for Detecting the Presence of Malignant Progression in Atypical Meningiomas.

Objective: To develop a method to distinguish atypical meningiomas (AMs) with malignant progression (MP) from primary AMs without a clinical history.

Methods: The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic data of 33 previously Simpson grade I resected (if any) as well as no radiotherapy treated intracranial AMs between January 2008 and December 2015 were reviewed. Immunohistochemical staining for connexin 43 (Cx43) and Ki-67 was performed.

Clinical Features, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Treatment Experience of 20 Patients with Lymphocytic Hypophysitis in a Single Center.

Objective: Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LYH) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disease of the pituitary gland. In this study, we aim to characterize LYH at presentation and focus on the management and prognosis of LYH.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients with LYH was conducted between 2011 and 2018 at a single institute.

Primary spinal primitive neuroectodermal tumor: A single center series with literature review.

: Primary spinal primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the central nervous system has a low incidence. The intraspinal case is very rare. Around 30 cases have been reported so far.

Primary intradiploic epidermoid cyst: A case report with literature review.

Primary intradiploic epidermoid cyst of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare disease. More than 200 cases have been reported so far. The lesion can affect every flat bone of the cranium.

Clinical Perspective on Dysplastic Gangliocytoma of the Cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos Disease).

Background: Dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum, also called Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD), is known as a rare, benign brain tumor. Around 200 cases have been reported.

Case Description: Here we introduced a newly diagnosed adult case with intratumoral hemorrhage.

Mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma in the sellar region: a large-scale single-center experience.

Background: Mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma is an extremely rare tumor occurring in the sellar region, histologically composed of both gangliocytic and pituitary adenomatous architectures. The histogenesis of these tumors remains unknown, and the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are yet to be fully understood.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, radiological, and histopathological profiles from a series of 20 patients with sellar mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenomas.

Analysis of variants at LGALS3 single nucleotide polymorphism loci in skull base chordoma.

Although LGALS3 has been widely studied, the genotypes of the LGALS3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci in skull base chordoma (SBC) have been not well defined. The aim of the current study was to analyze two LGALS3 SNP genotypes in patients with SBC. A total of 48 patients with SBC who underwent surgical treatment in Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Beijing, China) and 66 healthy participants were included in the present study.