EEG-fNIRS-Based Emotion Recognition Using Graph Convolution and Capsule Attention Network.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can objectively reflect a person's emotional state and have been widely studied in emotion recognition. However, the effective feature fusion and discriminative feature learning from EEG-fNIRS data is challenging. In order to improve the accuracy of emotion recognition, a graph convolution and capsule attention network model (GCN-CA-CapsNet) is proposed.

Protein Restriction Effects on Healthspan and Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster Are Additive With a Longevity-Promoting Diet.

Aging of the organism is associated diminished response to external stimuli including weakened immune function, resulting in diseases that impair health and lifespan. Several dietary restriction modalities have been reported to improve health and lifespan in different animal models, but it is unknown whether any of the lifespan-extending dietary treatments could be combined to achieve an additive effect. Here, we investigated the effects of halving amino acids components in the HUNTaa diet, a synthetic medium known to extend lifespan in Drosophila.

Overexpression Extends Lifespan and Healthspan in .

Autophagy plays important but complex roles in aging, affecting health and longevity. We found that, in the general population, the levels of and decreased during aging, yet they are upregulated in centenarians, suggesting that overexpression of ATG4 members could be positive for healthspan and lifespan. We therefore analyzed the effect of overexpressing (a homolog of human ) in , and found that, indeed, overexpression increased resistance to oxidative stress, desiccation stress and fitness as measured by climbing ability.

Granger-Causality-Based Multi-Frequency Band EEG Graph Feature Extraction and Fusion for Emotion Recognition.

Graph convolutional neural networks (GCN) have attracted much attention in the task of electroencephalogram (EEG) emotion recognition. However, most features of current GCNs do not take full advantage of the causal connection between the EEG signals in different frequency bands during the process of constructing the adjacency matrix. Based on the causal connectivity between the EEG channels obtained by Granger causality (GC) analysis, this paper proposes a multi-frequency band EEG graph feature extraction and fusion method for EEG emotion recognition.

Persistent inflammation and neuronal loss in the mouse brain induced by a modified form of attenuated herpes simplex virus type I.

Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is a widespread neurotropic virus that can reach the brain and cause a rare but acute herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) with a high mortality rate. Most patients present with changes in neurological and behavioral status, and survivors suffer long-term neurological sequelae. To date, the pathogenesis leading to brain damage is still not well understood.

Extends Life Span and Promotes Fitness and Stress Resistance in .

To identify new factors that promote longevity and healthy aging, we studied , an ortholog of the human gene, a lysosomal enzyme overexpressed in centenarians. We found that the overexpression of () ubiquitously, or tissue specifically, in the nervous system or fat body could extend fly life span. It also extended the life span of flies overexpressing human Aβ42, in a Alzheimer's disease (AD) model.

A novel brain-computer interface based on audio-assisted visual evoked EEG and spatial-temporal attention CNN.

Objective: Brain-computer interface (BCI) can translate intentions directly into instructions and greatly improve the interaction experience for disabled people or some specific interactive applications. To improve the efficiency of BCI, the objective of this study is to explore the feasibility of an audio-assisted visual BCI speller and a deep learning-based single-trial event related potentials (ERP) decoding strategy.

Approach: In this study, a two-stage BCI speller combining the motion-onset visual evoked potential (mVEP) and semantically congruent audio evoked ERP was designed to output the target characters.

EEG emotion recognition based on cross-frequency granger causality feature extraction and fusion in the left and right hemispheres.

EEG emotion recognition based on Granger causality (GC) brain networks mainly focus on the EEG signal from the same-frequency bands, however, there are still some causality relationships between EEG signals in the cross-frequency bands. Considering the functional asymmetric of the left and right hemispheres to emotional response, this paper proposes an EEG emotion recognition scheme based on cross-frequency GC feature extraction and fusion in the left and right hemispheres. Firstly, we calculate the GC relationship of EEG signals according to the frequencies and hemispheres, and mainly focus on the causality of the cross-frequency EEG signals in left and right hemispheres.

Surface modeling of photocatalytic materials for water splitting.

The photocatalyst surface is central to photocatalytic reactions. However, it has been a challenge to explicitly understand both the surface configuration and the structure-dependent photocatalytic properties at the atomic level. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide a versatile method that makes up for the lack of experimental surface studies.

Cohesin promotes HSV-1 lytic transcription by facilitating the binding of RNA Pol II on viral genes.

Background: Herpes Simplex Virus type I (HSV-1) is a large double-stranded DNA virus that enters productive infection in epithelial cells and reorganizes the host nucleus. Cohesin, a major constituent of interphase and mitotic chromosomes comprised of SMC1, SMC3, and SCC1 (Mcd1/Rad21), SCC3 (SA1/SA2), have diverse functions, including sister chromatid cohesion, DNA double-stranded breaks repair, and transcriptional control. Little is known about the role of cohesin in HSV-1 lytic infection.

Triboelectric Nanogenerator Powered Electrowetting-on-Dielectric Actuator for Concealed Aquatic Microbots.

Aquatic microbots have drawn great research interest due to the demands in aquatic environmental monitoring, inspection, and confined space exploration. Current actuation methods heavily rely on mechanical motion powered by large-amplitude and high-frequency sources, which limit the applications with portability and concealment requirements. Herein we propose a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-enabled electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) actuator (TENG-EWA) for aquatic microbots.

Correction to: Longitudinal transcriptomic characterization of viral genes in HSV-1 infected tree shrew trigeminal ganglia.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Longitudinal transcriptomic characterization of viral genes in HSV-1 infected tree shrew trigeminal ganglia.

Background: Following acute infection, Herpes Simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong latency and recurrent reactivation in the sensory neurons of trigeminal ganglia (TG). Infected tree shrew differs from mouse and show characteristics similar to human infection. A detailed transcriptomic analysis of the tree shrew model could provide mechanistic insights into HSV-1 infection in humans.

HSV-1 infection and pathogenesis in the tree shrew eye following corneal inoculation.

Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) infection causes inflammation in the cornea known as herpes simplex virus keratitis (HSK), a common but serious corneal disease. It is not entirely clear whether the virus during recurring infection comes from the trigeminal ganglia or the eye tissue, including the retina and ciliary ganglion. Because the tree shrew is closely related to primates and tree shrew eye anatomic structures are similar to humans, we studied HSV-1 corneal infection in the tree shrew.

Correction to: ZIKV infection effects changes in gene splicing, isoform composition and lncRNA expression in human neural progenitor cells.

In the original publication of this article [1], two grants from National Science Foundation of China and Yunnan Provincial Government (U1602226) and by National Science Foundation of China (2016YFC1200404) were omitted in the 'Funding' section. The correct 'Funding' section is below.

Transcriptome evidence reveals enhanced autophagy-lysosomal function in centenarians.

Centenarians (CENs) are excellent subjects to study the mechanisms of human longevity and healthy aging. Here, we analyzed the transcriptomes of 76 centenarians, 54 centenarian-children, and 41 spouses of centenarian-children by RNA sequencing and found that, among the significantly differentially expressed genes (SDEGs) exhibited by CENs, the autophagy-lysosomal pathway is significantly up-regulated. Overexpression of several genes from this pathway, , , , and , could promote autophagy and delay senescence in cultured IMR-90 cells, while overexpression of the homolog of , , extended the life span in transgenic flies.

The Ubx Polycomb response element bypasses an unpaired Fab-8 insulator via cis transvection in Drosophila.

Chromatin insulators or boundary elements protect genes from regulatory activities from neighboring genes or chromatin domains. In the Drosophila Abdominal-B (Abd-B) locus, the deletion of such elements, such as Frontabdominal-7 (Fab-7) or Fab-8 led to dominant gain of function phenotypes, presumably due to the loss of chromatin barriers. Homologous chromosomes are paired in Drosophila, creating a number of pairing dependent phenomena including transvection, and whether transvection may affect the function of Polycomb response elements (PREs) and thus contribute to the phenotypes are not known.

A droplet energy harvesting and actuation system for self-powered digital microfluidics.

When a water droplet slides down a hydrophobic surface, a major energy it possesses is kinetic energy. However, people may ignore another important energy source: triboelectrification. To quantify and utilize triboelectrification energy, a phenomenon is presented in this study: one droplet slides down a tilted chip with a hydrophobic coating and patterned electrodes, triboelectrification happens and the induced charges are transferred to another horizontally placed chip with copper wires, on which another droplet is actuated by the transferred charges.

ZIKV infection effects changes in gene splicing, isoform composition and lncRNA expression in human neural progenitor cells.

Background: The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome in infected individuals. To obtain insights into the mechanism of ZIKV infection and pathogenesis, we analyzed the transcriptome of ZIKV infected human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) for changes in alternative splicing (AS), gene isoform (ISO) composition and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression.

Methods: We analyzed differentially expressed lncRNAs, AS, ISO from RNA-seq data in ZIKV infected hNPCs.

CTCF prevents genomic instability by promoting homologous recombination-directed DNA double-strand break repair.

CTCF is an essential epigenetic regulator mediating chromatin insulation, long-range regulatory interactions, and the organization of large topological domains in the nucleus. Phenotypes of CTCF haploinsufficient mutations in humans, knockout in mice, and depletion in cells are often consistent with impaired genome stability, but a role of CTCF in genome maintenance has not been fully investigated. Here, we report that CTCF maintains genome stability, is recruited to sites of DNA damage, and promotes homologous recombination repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs).

CTCF interacts with the lytic HSV-1 genome to promote viral transcription.

CTCF is an essential chromatin regulator implicated in important nuclear processes including in nuclear organization and transcription. Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous human pathogen, which enters productive infection in human epithelial and many other cell types. CTCF is known to bind several sites in the HSV-1 genome during latency and reactivation, but its function has not been defined.

Functional prediction of differentially expressed lncRNAs in HSV-1 infected human foreskin fibroblasts.

Background: One of the most important functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is to control protein coding gene transcription by acting locally in cis, or remotely in trans. Herpes Simplex Virus type I (HSV-1) latently infects over 80 % of the population, its reactivation from latency usually results in productive infections in human epithelial cells, and is responsible for the common cold sores and genital Herpes. HSV-1 productive infection leads to profound changes in the host cells, including the host transcriptome.