Preparation strategies of mussel-inspired chitosan-based biomaterials for hemostasis.

Chitosan (CS) has been extensively studied in wound care for its intrinsic hemostatic and antibacterial properties. However, CS has limiting hemostasis applications on account of its drawbacks such as poor adhesion in humid environments and water solubility at neutral pH. CS-based biomaterials, inspired by mussel-adhesive proteins, serve as a suggested platform by biomedical science.

Hyperspectral imaging combined with blood oxygen saturation for in vivo analysis of small intestinal necrosis tissue.

Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a clinically significant vascular and gastrointestinal condition, which is closely related to the blood supply of the small intestine. Unfortunately, it is still challenging to properly discriminate small intestinal tissues with different degrees of ischemia. In this study, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was used to construct pseudo-color images of oxygen saturation about small intestinal tissues and to discriminate different degrees of ischemia.

Application of carboxymethylcellulose in combination with essential oils nano-emulsions edible coating for the preservation of kiwifruit.

The present research investigates the effectiveness of nano-emulsified coatings (C-1, C-2, and C-3) in preserving the kiwifruit at a temperature of 10 ± 2 °C with 90-95 % relative humidity (RH) for 30 days. The nano-emulsions were prepared from varied carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) concentrations with different combinations of essential oils such as thyme, clove, and cardamom. Dynamic light scattering investigation with Zeta Sizer revealed that C-1, C-2, and C-3 nano-emulsions have nano sizes of 81.

Spectral reflectance reconstruction based on wideband multi-illuminant imaging and a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm.

A method for spectral reflectance factor reconstruction based on wideband multi-illuminant imaging was proposed, using a programmable LED lighting system and modified Bare Bones Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms. From a set of 16 LEDs with different spectral power distributions, nine light sources with correlated color temperatures in the range of 1924 K - 15746 K, most of them daylight simulators, were generated. Samples from three color charts (X-Rite ColorChecker Digital SG, SCOCIE ScoColor paint chart, and SCOCIE ScoColor textile chart), were captured by a color industrial camera under the nine light sources, and used in sequence as training and/or testing colors.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation for the treatment of unifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided RFA and MWA in the treatment of unifocal PTMC.

Methods: This retrospective study included 512 patients with 512 unifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) who underwent RFA ( = 346) and MWA ( = 166) between January 2021 and December 2021. The volumes of the ablation areas were measured during follow-up, and the volume reduction rates were evaluated.

Automatic detection of ischemic necrotic sites in small intestinal tissue using hyperspectral imaging and transfer learning.

Acquiring large amounts of hyperspectral data of small intestinal tissue with real labels in the clinic is difficult, and the data shows inter-patient variability. Building an automatic identification model using a small dataset presents a crucial challenge in obtaining a strong generalization of the model. This study aimed to explore the performance of hyperspectral imaging and transfer learning techniques in the automatic identification of normal and ischemic necrotic sites in small intestinal tissue.

Mussel-inspired nanoparticle composite hydrogels for hemostasis and wound healing.

Uncontrolled hemorrhage caused by trauma can easily lead to death. Efficient and safe hemostatic materials are an urgent and increasing need for hemostatic research. Following a trauma, wound healing is induced by various cellular mechanisms and proteins.

Discrimination between normal and necrotic small intestinal tissue using hyperspectral imaging and unsupervised classification.

Objective and automatic clinical discrimination of normal and necrotic sites of small intestinal tissue remains challenging. In this study, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and unsupervised classification techniques were used to distinguish normal and necrotic sites of small intestinal tissues. Small intestinal tissue hyperspectral images of eight Japanese large-eared white rabbits were acquired using a visible near-infrared hyperspectral camera, and K-means and density peaks (DP) clustering algorithms were used to differentiate between normal and necrotic tissue.

Optimized Radiomics Nomogram Based on Automated Breast Ultrasound System: A Potential Tool for Preoperative Prediction of Metastatic Lymph Node Burden in Breast Cancer.

Background: Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) can be safely avoided in women with T1 or T2 primary invasive breast cancer (BC) and one to two metastatic sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). However, cancellation of ALND based solely on SLN biopsy (SLNB) may lead to adverse outcomes. Therefore, preoperative assessment of LN tumor burden becomes a new focus for ALN status.

Visible near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and supervised classification for the detection of small intestinal necrosis tissue in vivo.

Complete recognition of necrotic areas during small bowel tissue resection remains challenging due to the lack of optimal intraoperative aid identification techniques. This research utilizes hyperspectral imaging techniques to automatically distinguish normal and necrotic areas of small intestinal tissue. Sample data were obtained from the animal model of small intestinal tissue of eight Japanese large-eared white rabbits developed by experienced physicians.

Thermo- and Light-Responsive Polymer-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles as Potential Drug Carriers.

A series of thermo- and light-responsive copolymers of poly (-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and 6-[4-(4-methoxy phenyl azo)-phenoxyl-hexyl methacrylate) (AzoMA) (PNIPAM-b-PAzoMA) were synthesized reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization. The resulting copolymers had a narrow molecular weight distribution range of 1.06-1.

Eu- and Tb-Based Coordination Complexes of Poly(-Isopropyl,-methylacrylamide---dimethylacrylamide) Copolymer: Synthesis, Characterization and Property.

This contribution reports the syntheses, structural analyses and properties of europium (Eu)- and terbium (Tb)-based coordination complexes of poly(-isopropyl,-methylacrylamide---dimethylacrylamide) (poly(iPMAm--DMAm)) copolymer, named as poly-Eu(III) and poly-Tb(III), respectively. In greater detail, poly(iPMAm--DMAm) is first prepared by random copolymerization of -isopropyl,-methylacrylamide (iPMAm) and -dimethylacrylamide (DMAm) via group transfer polymerization (GTP). Next, poly(iPMAm--DMAm) is used as the polymer matrix for chelating with Eu and Tb cations at its side amide groups, to produce poly-Eu(III) and poly-Tb(III).

Bioinspired fabrication of bifunctional antibody-enzyme co-assembled nanocomposites for chemiluminescence immunoassays of O157:H7.

Immunoassays based on enzyme-labeled antibodies have been widely used in the food safety field. However, the production process of enzyme-labeled antibodies is complicated and the low storage stability limits their application. Herein, antibody-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) co-assembled nanocomposites (AHC NCs) with outstanding advantages such as enhanced stability, lower cost, and substrate affinity were successfully prepared a one-pot green method.

Color-difference evaluation for 3D objects.

A psychophysical experiment using 3D printed samples was conducted to investigate the change of perceived color differences caused by two different illuminations and two 3D sample shapes. 150 pairs of 3D printed samples around five CIE color centers [Color Res. Appl.

Testing uniform colour spaces using colour differences of a wide colour gamut.

An experimental dataset, WCG, was assembled. The set includes 416 pairs of samples that surround 28 colour centres and covers a wide colour gamut. The data were used to test the performance of seven colour-difference models, CIELAB, CIEDE2000, CAM16-UCS, DIN99d, OSAGP, and ICTCP, Jzazbz.

Synthesis, Anti-Tumor Activity and Apoptosis-Inducing Effect of Novel Dimeric Keggin-Type Phosphotungstate.

A dimeric Keggin-type phosphotungstate (ODA)[(PWFeO)O]·9HO (abbreviated as ODA[(PWFe)], ODA = octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) was synthesized and investigated comprehensively its antitumor activity on MCF-7 and A549 cells. The dimeric structure and amorphous morphology were characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis-DRS, SEM and XRD. The MTT assay of ODA[(PWFe)] showed anticancer activity on MCF-7 and A549 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the IC values for MCF-7 and A549 cells at 48 h were 5.

Cancer Stem Cell Niche in Colorectal Cancer and Targeted Therapies.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells, are a sub-population of tumor cells found in many human cancers that are endowed with self-renewal and pluripotency. CSCs may be more resistant to conventional anticancer therapies than average cancer cells, as they can easily escape the cytotoxic effects of standard chemotherapy, thereby resulting in tumor relapse. Despite significant progress in related research, effective elimination of CSCs remains an unmet clinical need.

Synthesis and characterization of phenylboronic acid-containing polymer for glucose-triggered drug delivery.

Thermo-, pH- and glucose-responsive polymeric nanoparticles are of great interest in developing a self-regulated drug delivery system. The novel core-shell nanoparticles were synthesized by self-assembly of a phenylboronic acid-based block copolymer poly-(-isopropylacrylamide)-block-poly(3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid) (PNIPAM-b-PAPBA) and a fluorescent complex glucosamine-poly(-isopropylacrylamide)/Eu(III) (GA-PNIPAM)/Eu(III) based on the cross-linking between PBA- and GA-containing blocks in this work. The nanoparticles can be tuned via thermo-induced collapse or glucose-induced swelling at appropriate pH and temperatures; they had an average kinetic radius was about 80nm, and which showed excellent fluorescence.

Color-difference formula for evaluating color pairs with no separation: ΔE.

All color-difference formulas are developed to evaluate color differences for pairs of stimuli with hairline separation. In printing applications, however, color differences are frequently judged between a pair of samples with no separation (NS) because they are printed adjacently on the same piece of paper. A new formula, ΔE, has been developed for pairs of stimuli with NS.

Co-delivery of Cisplatin(IV) and Capecitabine as an Effective and Non-toxic Cancer Treatment.

A strategy for preparing composite micelles (CM) containing both cisplatin(IV) [CisPt(IV)] prodrug and capecitabine using a co-assembly method is described in this study. The CM are capable of an effective release of the anticancer drug cisplatin(II) [CisPt(II)] and capecitabine via acid hydrolysis once they are internalized by cancer cells. Moreover, the CM display a synergistic effect and the combination therapy in the micellar dosage form leads to reduced systemic toxicity and enhanced antitumor efficacy .

Research Advances in the Use of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors for Epigenetic Targeting of Cancer.

The causes and progression of cancer are controlled by epigenetic processes. The mechanisms involved in epigenetic regulation of cancer development, gene expression, and signaling pathways have been studied. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have a major impact on chromatin remodeling and epigenetics, making their inhibitors a very interesting area of cancer research.

The Influence of Cellulosic Polymer's Variables on Dissolution/Solubility of Amorphous Felodipine and Crystallization Inhibition from a Supersaturated State.

The collective impact of cellulosic polymers on the dissolution, solubility, and crystallization inhibition of amorphous active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is still far from being adequately understood. The goal of this research was to explore the influence of cellulosic polymers and incubation conditions on enhancement of solubility and dissolution of amorphous felodipine, while inhibiting crystallization of the drug from a supersaturated state. Variables, including cellulosic polymer type, amount, ionic strength, and viscosity, were evaluated for effects on API dissolution/solubility and crystallization processes.

Perceptually uniform color space for image signals including high dynamic range and wide gamut.

A perceptually uniform color space has been long desired for a wide range of imaging applications. Such a color space should be able to represent a color pixel in three unique and independent attributes (lightness, chroma, and hue). Such a space would be perceptually uniform over a wide gamut, linear in iso-hue directions, and can predict both small and large color differences as well as lightness in high dynamic range environments.

End-Functionalized Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with d-Glucosamine through Different Initiator from C-1 and C-2 Positions via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

Regioselective modification of d-glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose, GA) through C-1 and C-2 positions to synthesized thermo-responsive D-Glucosamine-poly(-iso-propylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was investigated for the first time. Two different schemes of the synthesis for GA derivatives (GA-PNIPAM (i) and (ii)) with well-defined structures using 3,4,6-tri--acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido--d-glucopyranose and 1,3,4,6-tetra--acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy--d-glucopyranose intermediates were examined. The GA-PNIPAM (ii) had an amino at C-2 position, while there was a hydroxyl in GA-PNIPAM (i) at this position.

Synthesis and characterization of Eu(III) complexes of modified d-glucosamine and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide).

A series of chain-end functional polymers composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose(d-glucosamine, GA) was synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Novel fluorescent complexes of glucosamine-PNI- PAM/Eu(III) were then formed by chelation of the polymers and europium(III) ions. The aqueous solutions of the polymers and its Eu(III) complexes exhibited a lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs), and which were approximately equal to body temperature.