Effective Induction of Fertile Gametes in Oriental × Trumpet (OT) Lily by High Temperatures.

Lily is a very important bulb crop, and interspecific distant hybridization is a crucial method of lily breeding. However, F interspecific hybrids tend to be highly sterile due to low levels of genetic homozygosity. This can be addressed by meiotic polyploidization, which has the advantage of reducing breeding time and being able to promote genetic recombination resulting in many variant progenies.

Expression Patterns of Key Genes in the Photoperiod and Vernalization Flowering Pathways in with Different Bulb Sizes.

is a wild , and its flowering transition requires a long period of cold exposure to meet the demand of vernalization. The responses of different sized bulbs to cold exposure and photoperiod are different, and the floral transition pathways of small and large bulbs are different. In this study, small and large bulbs were placed in cold storage for different weeks and then cultured at a constant ambient temperature of 25 °C under long day (LD) and short day (SD) conditions.

Molecular cloning of cryptochrome 1 from Lilium×formolongi and the characterization of its photoperiodic flowering function in Arabidopsis.

Lilium × formolongi is an important cut flower species that is able to flower within a year following seed propagation, with flower induction that is very sensitive to the photoperiod. Cryptochromes are blue/UV-A light receptors that regulate many important plant growth and development processes, including photoperiodic flowering. In this study, we isolated the cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) gene from L.

Identification of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS)-coding genes involved in flowering induction of Lilium× formolongi.

Lilium × formolongi, a facultative long-day (LD) plant, can complete the floral transition within one year after sowing under LD conditions. In addition to the photoperiod, the molecular mechanisms by which other flowering regulators, such as sugar, participate in juvenile development and flowering induction in L. × formolongi remain elusive.

Cryptochrome 2 from Regulates Photoperiodic Flowering in Transgenic .

The photoperiodic flowering pathway is essential for plant reproduction. As blue and ultraviolet-A light receptors, cryptochromes play an important role in the photoperiodic regulation of flowering. is an important cut flower that flowers within a year after seed propagation.

Stomata and ROS changes during Botrytis elliptica infection in diploid and tetraploid Lilium rosthornii Diels.

Polyploid plants often show improved resistance against many diseases, but whether they show increased resistance to grey mould, a devastating disease caused by Botrytis spp. fungi, is seldom reported. Stomata and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play dual roles in defence against grey mould, and it is unclear how their roles change after polyploidization.

Analysis of miRNA-mediated regulation of flowering induction in Lilium × formolongi.

Background: MicroRNAs play pivotal roles in plant vegetative phase change and flowering induction via integrating into multiple flowering pathways. Lilium × formolongi is an important ornamental lily cultivar that can flower within one year after sowing. However, it remains unresolved how miRNA-mediated regulation networks contribute to the L.

Functional analysis and expression patterns of members of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene family in Lilium.

Lilium is an important commercial flowering species, and there are many varieties and more than 100 species of wild Lilium. Lilium × formolongi is usually propagated from seedlings, and the flowering of these plants is driven mainly by the photoperiodic pathway. Most of the other lily plants are propagated via bulblets and need to be vernalized; these plants can be simply divided into pretransplantation types and posttransplantation types according to the time at which the floral transition occurs.

The lre-miR159a-LrGAMYB pathway mediates resistance to grey mould infection in Lilium regale.

Grey mould is one of the most determinative factors of lily growth and plays a major role in limiting lily productivity. MicroRNA159 (miR159) is a highly conserved microRNA in plants, and participates in the regulation of plant development and stress responses. Our previous studies revealed that lre-miR159a participates in the response of Lilium regale to Botrytis elliptica according to deep sequencing analyses; however, the response mechanism remains unknown.

Functional and Evolutionary Characterization of the CONSTANS-like Family in Lilium�formolongi.

Lilium�formolongi is a facultative long-day (LD) plant. Aiming to dissect the molecular regulation of the photoperiodic pathway, largely unknown in Lilium, we explored the CONSTANS/FLOWERING LOCUS T (CO/FT) module, a major regulatory factor in the external coincidence model of the photoperiodic flowering pathway in lily. We identified eight CONSTANS-LIKE (COL) family members in L.

Analysis of WRKY transcription factors and characterization of two Botrytis cinerea-responsive LrWRKY genes from Lilium regale.

A major constraint in producing lilies is gray mold caused by Botrytis elliptica and B. cinerea. WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant immune responses.

Evaluation of resistance to Botrytis elliptica in Lilium hybrid cultivars.

Gray mold disease, caused by the fungus Botrytis elliptica, is one of the major diseases affecting Lilium species, and it has become a limiting factor in the production of ornamental lilies. To support selecting and breeding Botrytis-resistant cultivars, a total of 50 Lilium cultivars belonging to seven hybrid types were evaluated using a detached leaf technique for resistance to B. elliptica.

Genome Size Diversity in (Liliaceae) Is Correlated with Karyotype and Environmental Traits.

Genome size (GS) diversity is of fundamental biological importance. The occurrence of giant genomes in angiosperms is restricted to just a few lineages in the analyzed genome size of plant species so far. It is still an open question whether GS diversity is shaped by neutral or natural selection.

Transcriptome-Wide Analysis of Responsive microRNAs and Their Targets in Wilson by High-Throughput Sequencing and Degradome Analysis.

MicroRNAs, as master regulators of gene expression, have been widely identified and play crucial roles in plant-pathogen interactions. A fatal pathogen, , causes the serious folia disease of lily, which reduces production because of the high susceptibility of most cultivated species. However, the miRNAs related to infection of lily, and the miRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks providing resistance to in lily remain largely unexplored.

Analysis of global gene expression profiles during the flowering initiation process of Lilium × formolongi.

The onset of flowering is critical for the reproductive development of plants. Lilium × formolongi is a lily hybrid that flowers within a year after sowing. We successfully identified four important stages during vegetative growth and flowering initiation of L.

Evaluation of putative reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR normalization in Lilium regale during development and under stress.

Normalization to reference genes is the most common method to avoid bias in real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), which has been widely used for quantification of gene expression. Despite several studies on gene expression, Lilium, and particularly L. regale, has not been fully investigated regarding the evaluation of reference genes suitable for normalization.

De novo transcriptome characterization of Lilium 'Sorbonne' and key enzymes related to the flavonoid biosynthesis.

Lily is an important cut-flower and bulb crop in the commercial market. Here, transcriptome profiling of Lilium 'Sorbonne' was conducted through de novo sequencing based on Illumina platform. This research aims at revealing basic information and data that can be used for applied purposes especially the molecular regulatory information on flower color formation in lily.

Lilium spp. pollen in China (Liliaceae): taxonomic and phylogenetic implications and pollen evolution related to environmental conditions.

Recent molecular and karyologic studies have significantly modified delimitation of Lilium. However, despite the importance of pollen evolution in the genus comprehensive studies with electron microscopy and evaluation of pollen evolution are lacking. Therefore, we studied pollen morphology in a sample of 65 individuals from 37 taxa covering all the sections distributed in the world, using scanning electron microscopy.

Molecular phylogeny and genetic variation in the genus Lilium native to China based on the internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA.

We present a comprehensive phylogeny derived from nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) for 214 samples representing 98 species and five varieties, including 44 species and five varieties native to China. Our collection of 25 species and five varieties (44 samples) covering all five sections of the genus (Comber) distributed in China also were included in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) database. This study incorporates previous research with an emphasis on Chinese species, including the controversial subsection, Sinomartagon 5c Comber.