Publications by authors named "Gui-Rong Cheng"
Article Synopsis
- This study focused on creating machine learning models to identify predictive features of dementia in older adults who initially showed normal cognition.
- Four models were developed and tested, with the random forest model showing the highest accuracy (93%) using factors like memory test results, education, and follow-up time.
- The findings suggest that this machine learning approach can effectively predict dementia in primary healthcare settings, helping to track cognitive changes and enable early intervention.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the link between air pollution and the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults in China, using data from the Hubei Memory and Aging Cohort Study.
- Results show that higher levels of pollutants like PM2.5 and PM10 significantly increase the odds of developing MCI, particularly in older individuals.
- The findings highlight the need for more research across different populations to further understand and address the impact of air pollution on cognitive health in aging populations.
Background: Unhealthy lifestyles and chronic diseases are commonly seen and treatable factors in older adults and are both associated with dementia. However, the synergistic effect of the interaction of lifestyles and chronic diseases on dementia is unknown.
Methods: We determined independent associations of multidomain lifestyles and chronic diseases (cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension) with dementia and examined their synergistic impact on dementia among older adults.
Article Synopsis
- Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is reported in 58.33% of older adults, with higher rates in rural areas and among females.
- The study involved 7,486 participants aged around 71, assessing correlations between SCD and objective cognitive decline (OCD) across various cognitive functions.
- SCD could indicate early signs of OCD, suggesting the need for preventive measures against dementia, with health and lifestyle factors playing a significant role in increased SCD risk.
Cerebellum neuropathology and motor skill deficits in fragile X syndrome.
Int J Dev Neurosci
November 2022
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a leading form of inherited intellectual disability and single-gene cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is characterized by core deficits in cognitive flexibility, sensory sensitivity, emotion, and social interactions. Motor deficits are a shared feature of FXS and autism. The cerebellum has emerged as one of the target brain areas affected by neurodevelopmental diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite the improved access to health services in China, inadequate diagnosis and management of dementia are common issues, especially in rural regions.
Objective: The Hubei Memory & Aging Cohort Study was designed as a prospective study in Central China to determine the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among urban and rural older adults.
Methods: From 2018-2020, participants aged ≥65 years were screened, and data regarding their life behaviors, families, socio-economic status, physical and mental health, social and psychological factors, and cognition were collected.
Background: The prevalence of dementia in China, particularly in rural areas, is consistently increasing; however, research on population-attributable fractions (PAFs) of risk factors for dementia is scarce.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey, namely, the China Multicentre Dementia Survey (CMDS) in selected rural and urban areas from 2018 to 2020. We performed face-to-face interviews and neuropsychological and clinical assessments to reach a consensus on dementia diagnosis.
Background: Some studies have demonstrated an association between low and high body mass index (BMI) and an increased risk of dementia. However, only a few of these studies were performed in rural areas.
Objective: This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between BMI and cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults from rural and urban areas.
Article Synopsis
- Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability, linked to the loss of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) that impacts cognitive function and spine development in the brain.
- Research indicates that intercellular adhesion molecule 5 (ICAM5) is a target of FMRP and plays a role in the cognitive deficits seen in FXS, particularly through its effects on dendritic spine abnormalities.
- The study's findings reveal that reducing ICAM5 can improve cognitive performance and spine structure in models of FXS, suggesting it could be a promising therapeutic target for addressing cognitive impairments associated with the syndrome.*
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that causes intellectual disability, as well as the leading monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), in which neurons show aberrant dendritic spine structure. The reduction/absence of the functional FMRP protein, coded by the X-linked Fmr1 gene in humans, is responsible for the syndrome. Targets of FMRP, CLSTN1, and ICAM5, play critical roles in the maturation of dendritic spines, synapse formation and synaptic plasticity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most frequently inherited form of intellectual disability and prevalent single-gene cause of autism. A priority of FXS research is to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying the cognitive and social functioning impairments in humans and the FXS mouse model. Glutamate ionotropic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors (AMPARs) mediate a majority of fast excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system and are critically important for nearly all aspects of brain function, including neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory.
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