Efficacy and safety of biologics, multitarget therapy, and standard therapy for lupus nephritis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of biologics, multitarget therapy, and standard therapy for the induction of lupus nephritis.

Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases (EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov) was conducted from inception to 30 August 2023.