Effects of miR-199a on autophagy by targeting glycogen synthase kinase 3β to activate PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling in an MPP model of Parkinson's disease.

: miR-199a can regulate autophagy, its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of miR-199a involved in regulating autophagy in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP)-induced model of PD.: PC12 cells were incubated in MPP, and the expression levels of miR-199a were bidirectionally regulated via either transfection of an miR-199a mimic or incubation in miR-199a inhibitors.