ATM-CHK2-Beclin 1 axis promotes autophagy to maintain ROS homeostasis under oxidative stress.

The homeostatic link between oxidative stress and autophagy plays an important role in cellular responses to a wide variety of physiological and pathological conditions. However, the regulatory pathway and outcomes remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as signaling molecules that regulate autophagy through ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2), a DNA damage response (DDR) pathway activated during metabolic and hypoxic stress.

The nucleocytoplasmic translocation and up-regulation of ING5 protein in breast cancer: a potential target for gene therapy.

Here, we found that ING5 overexpression resulted in a lower proliferation, reduced glucose metabolism, S arrest, decreased migration and invasion, apoptotic induction, fat accumulation, autophagy, senescence and mesenchymal-epithelial-transition of breast cancer cells. It also suppressed the tumor growth of breast cancer cells by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy. ING5-mediated chemoresistance was positively linked to Akt and NF-κB activation, MRP1 and GST-π overexpression, and FBXW7 hypoexpression.

The suppressing effects of BTG3 expression on aggressive behaviors and phenotypes of colorectal cancer: An in vitro and vivo study.

Here, we found that down-regulated expression of BTG3 might be positively correlated with colorectal carcinogenesis and its overexpression suppressed proliferation, glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion, and induced apoptosis, senescence and differentiation in SW480 and SW620 cells. After treated with cisplatin, MG132, paclitaxel and SAHA, BTG3 transfectants exhibited lower viability and higher apoptosis than the control in both time- and dose-dependent manners. BTG3 overexpression up- regulated the protein expression of Cyclin E, p16, p27, NF-κB, p38α/β, XIAP, Bcl-2, ATG14 and p53, but down-regulated the mRNA expression of MRP1, BCRP, and mTOR in SW480 and SW620 cells.

Cytokeratin 19 promoter directs the expression of Cre recombinase in various epithelia of transgenic mice.

Cytokeratin 19 (K19) is expressed in various differentiated cells, including gastric, intestinal and bronchial epithelial cells, and liver duct cells. Here, we generated a transgenic mouse line, K19-Cre, in which the expression of Cre recombinase was controlled by the promoter of K19. To test the tissue distribution and excision activity of Cre recombinase, K19-Cre transgenic mice were bred with Rosa26 reporter strain and a mouse strain that carries PTEN conditional alleles (PTENLoxp/Loxp).

The in vitro and vivo effects of nuclear and cytosolic parafibromin expression on the aggressive phenotypes of colorectal cancer cells: a search of potential gene therapy target.

Down-regulated parafibromin is positively linked to the pathogenesis of parathyroid, lung, breast, ovarian, gastric and colorectal cancers. Here, we found that wild-type (WT) parafibromin overexpression suppressed proliferation, tumor growth, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells (p<0.05), but it was the converse for mutant-type (MT, mutation in nucleus localization sequence) parafibromin (p<0.

[Expert survey for Chinese medicine syndrome characteristics of different clinical types of coronary artery disease based on the Delphi method].

Objective: To carry out expert survey for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome characteristics of different clinical types of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: By using Delphi method, we carried out two rounds of nationwide expert surveys for modern TCM characteristics of syndrome elements and syndrome types of CAD.

Results: Based on expert consensus, qi deficiency, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, qi deficiency blood stasis, and intermingled phlegm and blood stasis are common TCM syndromes for different clinical types of CAD.

[Expression of endogenous leukemia inhibitory factor in neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia].

Objective: To study the changes of endogenous leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).

Methods: A PVL model of 3-day-old Wistar rats was prepared by left carotid artery ligation followed by 6% oxygen for 4 hours. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days of hypoxia ischemia (HI), and the brain tissues were sampled.

The role of CD44-hyaluronic acid interaction in exogenous mesenchymal stem cells homing to rat remnant kidney.

Background/aims: The aim of our study was to reveal the role of CD44-Hyaluronic acid (HA) in the homing and improving renal function of systemically transplanted MSCs in chronic renal failure.

Methods: First, a remnant kidney model was established in rats and the expression of HA was determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting. Next, chemotaxis assay using flow cytometry, and cell migration assay of MSCs were performed in vitro.

[Effects of the proliferation state of the endothelial progenitor cells preconditioned with salvianolic acid B and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplanted in acute myocardial infarction rats].

Objective: To observe the proliferation state of transplanted cells in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats, and the endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) preconditioned by salvianolic acid B in different ratios with the bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).

Methods: The cultivation and purification of EPCs were performed by density-gradient centrifugation and plastic adherence method. Two types of cells were identified by immunocytochemical method (CD34, CD133, and CD44).

[Observation on therapeutic effect of dog-day acupuncture and moxibustion combined with pelvic floor muscle exercises for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence].

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of dog-day acupuncture and tortoise-shell moxibustion combined with pelvic floor muscle exercises for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence.

Methods: Seventy one cases were randomly divided into two groups. Thirty six cases in the observation group were treated with acupuncture on Zhongji (CV 3), Zigong (EX-CA 1), Chize (LU 5) etc.

[Clinical observation on electroacupuncture combined with catgut implantation at acupoints for treatment of simple obesity of heart and spleen deficiency type].

Objective: To observe the interventional effect of electroacupuncture combined with catgut implantation at acupoints for treatment of simple obesity of heart and spleen deficiency type.

Methods: Sixty five cases were randomly divided into an observation group (33 cases) and a control group (32 cases). The observation group was treated with electroacupuncture combined with catgut implantation at acupoint therapy, the electroacupuncture was applied at Zhongwan (CV 12), Xiawan (CV 10), Guanyuan (CV 4), Tianshu (ST 25), ect.

Summary of 32 patients with cardiac syndrome X treated by TCM therapy of regulating qi relieving chest stuffiness and promoting blood circulation.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of Liqi Kuanxiong Huoxue method LKH, traditional Chinese medicine, TCM therapeutic method for regulating qi, relieving chest stuffiness and promoting blood circulation) in treating patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX).

Methods: The prospective, non-randomized controlled study was conducted on 51 selected patients with CSX, who were non-randomly assigned to 2 groups, the treated group treated with LKH in addition to the conventional treatment (32 patients), and the control group treated with conventional treatment (19 patients) like nitrate, diltiazem hydrochloride, etc. The treatment course was 14 days.