Positive associations fuel soil biodiversity and ecological networks worldwide.

Microbial interactions are key to maintaining soil biodiversity. However, whether negative or positive associations govern the soil microbial system at a global scale remains virtually unknown, limiting our understanding of how microbes interact to support soil biodiversity and functions. Here, we explored ecological networks among multitrophic soil organisms involving bacteria, protists, fungi, and invertebrates in a global soil survey across 20 regions of the planet and found that positive associations among both pairs and triads of soil taxa governed global soil microbial networks.

: A method for quantifying putative biotic associations of microbes at the community level.

A workflow has been compiled as "qcmi" R package-the uantifying ommunity-level icrobial nteractions-to identify and quantify the putative biotic associations of microbes at the community level from ecological networks.

Fungi stabilize multi-kingdom community in a high elevation timberline ecosystem.

Microbes dominate terrestrial ecosystems via their great species diversity and vital ecosystem functions, such as biogeochemical cycling and mycorrhizal symbiosis. Fungi and other organisms form diverse association networks. However, the roles of species belonging to different kingdoms in multi-kingdom community networks have remained largely elusive.

Continental-scale plant invasions reshuffle the soil microbiome of blue carbon ecosystems.

Theory and experiments support that plant invasions largely impact aboveground biodiversity and function. Yet, much less is known on the influence of plant invasions on the structure and function of the soil microbiome of coastal wetlands, one of the largest major reservoirs of biodiversity and carbon on Earth. We studied the continental-scale invasion of Spartina alterniflora across 2451 km of Chinese coastlines as our model-system and found that S.

Profound Change in Soil Microbial Assembly Process and Co-occurrence Pattern in Co-inoculation of 5038 and MB35-5 on Soybean.

Rhizosphere microbial communities are vital for plant growth and soil sustainability; however, the composition of rhizobacterial communities, especially the assembly process and co-occurrence pattern among microbiota after the inoculation of some beneficial bacteria, remains considerably unclear. In this study, we investigated the structure of rhizomicrobial communities, their assembly process, and interactions contrasting when 5038 and MB35-5 are co-inoculated or 5038 mono-inoculated in black and cinnamon soils of soybean fields. The obtained results indicated that the Chao and Shannon indices were all higher in cinnamon soil than that in black soil.

Distinct Co-occurrence Relationships and Assembly Processes of Active Methane-Oxidizing Bacterial Communities Between Paddy and Natural Wetlands of Northeast China.

Studies of methane-oxidizing bacteria are updating our views of their composition and function in paddy and natural wetlands. However, few studies have characterized differences in the methane-oxidizing bacterial communities between paddy and natural wetlands. Here, we conducted a C stable isotope-probing experiment and high-throughput sequencing to determine the structure profiling, co-occurrence relationships, and assembly processes of methanotrophic communities in four wetlands of Northeast China.

Microbial keystone taxa drive crop productivity through shifting aboveground-belowground mineral element flows.

Unbalanced fertilization of nutritional elements is a potential threat to environmental quality and agricultural productivity in acid soil. Harnessing keystone taxa in soil microbiome represents a promising strategy to enhance crop productivity as well as reducing the adverse environmental effects of fertilizers, with the goal of agricultural sustainability. However, there is a lack of information on which and how soil microbial keystone taxa contribute to sustainable crop productivity in acid soil.

Untargeted metabolite profiling of petal blight in field-grown Rhododendron agastum using GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS.

Petal blight caused by fungi is among the most destructive diseases of Rhododendron, especially Rhododendron agastum. Nonetheless, the metabolite changes that occur during petal blight are unknown. We used untargeted gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) to compare the metabolite profiles of healthy and petal blight R.

Distinct Community Assembly Processes of Abundant and Rare Soil Bacteria in Coastal Wetlands along an Inundation Gradient.

Microbial communities commonly consist of a large number of rare taxa (RT) and few abundant taxa (AT), and it is important to identify the differences of the community assembly processes between RT and AT in response to environmental changes. However, the community assembly processes governing AT and RT in coastal wetland soils along an inundation gradient remain elusive. Here, an mesocosm, with continuous inundation gradients and native mangrove or exotic cordgrass , was established to determine the patterns and driving factors of community turnover and assembly processes of AT and RT.

Dramatic change of bacterial assembly process and co-occurrence pattern in Spartina alterniflora salt marsh along an inundation frequency gradient.

Exotic Spartina alterniflora has become widely distributed along most of the coastlines in China in a wide range of inundation frequencies. However, the assembly processes and co-occurrence patterns of the bacterial community in S. alterniflora wetlands under different inundation frequencies remain elusive.

Soil Microbial Biogeography in a Changing World: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.

Soil microbial communities are fundamental to maintaining key soil processes associated with litter decomposition, nutrient cycling, and plant productivity and are thus integral to human well-being. Recent technological advances have exponentially increased our knowledge concerning the global ecological distributions of microbial communities across space and time and have provided evidence for their contribution to ecosystem functions. However, major knowledge gaps in soil biogeography remain to be addressed over the coming years as technology and research questions continue to evolve.

Spartina alterniflora invasion alters soil bacterial communities and enhances soil NO emissions by stimulating soil denitrification in mangrove wetland.

Chinese mangrove, an important ecosystem in coastal wetlands, is sensitive to the invasive alien species Spartina alterniflora. However, the effects of the S. alterniflora invasion on mangrove soil NO emissions and the underlying mechanisms by which emissions are affected have not been well studied.

Proteomic analysis on mangrove plant Avicennia marina leaves reveals nitric oxide enhances the salt tolerance by up-regulating photosynthetic and energy metabolic protein expression.

Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh is one of the most salt-tolerant mangrove species. Our previous study revealed that nitric oxide (NO) enhanced the salt tolerance of A.

Exotic Spartina alterniflora invasion increases CH while reduces CO emissions from mangrove wetland soils in southeastern China.

Mangroves are critical in global carbon budget while vulnerable to exotic plant invasion. Spartina alterniflora, one of typical salt marsh plant grows forcefully along the coast of China, has invaded the native mangrove habitats in Zhangjiang Estuary. However, the effects of S.

Leaf miner-induced morphological, physiological and molecular changes in mangrove plant Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh.

Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh is a widespread mangrove species along the southeast coasts of China. Recently, the outbreak of herbivorous insect, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, a leaf miner, have impacted on the growth of A.

Insight into the long-term effect of mangrove species on removal of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from BDE-47 contaminated sediments.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants, particularly in mangrove wetlands. However, little is known about the long-term effect of mangrove plants on PBDE removal from contaminated sediments. A 12-month microcosm experiment was conducted to understand the effect of two mangrove species, namely Avicennia marina (Am) and Aegiceras corniculatum (Ac), on PBDE removal from the sediments spiked with 2000ngg dry weight of BDE-47, and to explore the microbial mechanism responsible for the planting-induced effects on BDE-47 removal.

Mitochondrial network in the heart.

Mitochondria are subcellular organelles that provide energy for the cell. They form a dynamic tubular network and play an important role in maintaining the cell function and integrity. Heart is a powerful organ that supplies the motivation for circulation, thereby requiring large amounts of energy.

Expression of a grape calcium-dependent protein kinase ACPK1 in Arabidopsis thaliana promotes plant growth and confers abscisic acid-hypersensitivity in germination, postgermination growth, and stomatal movement.

Calcium is an important second messenger involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are the best characterized calcium sensor in plants and are believed to be important components in plant hormone signaling. However, in planta genetic evidence has been lacking to link CDPK with ABA-regulated biological functions.

Abscisic acid stimulates a calcium-dependent protein kinase in grape berry.

It has been demonstrated that calcium plays a central role in mediating abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, but many of the Ca2+-binding sensory proteins as the components of the ABA-signaling pathway remain to be elucidated. Here we identified, characterized, and purified a 58-kD ABA-stimulated calcium-dependent protein kinase from the mesocarp of grape berries (Vitis vinifera x Vitis labrusca), designated ACPK1 (for ABA-stimulated calcium-dependent protein kinase1). ABA stimulates ACPK1 in a dose-dependent manner, and the ACPK1 expression and enzyme activities alter accordantly with the endogenous ABA concentrations during fruit development.