Using UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and HPLC-CAD to Identify Impurities in Cycloastragenol, Which Is a Pre-Clinical Candidate for COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent disease that has become the third leading cause of death worldwide. Cycloastragenol (CAG), which is the genuine sapogenin of the main active triterpene saponins in , is a bioavailable pre-clinical candidate for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and it was investigated in our previous study. In order to progress medical research, it was first efficiently produced on a 2.

Spatial Genetic Structure and Demographic History of the Dominant Forest Oak Hance in Subtropical China.

Oak trees ( L.) are important models for estimating abiotic impacts on the population structure and demography of long life span tree species. In this study, we generated genetic data for 17 nuclear microsatellite loci in 29 natural populations of to estimate the population genetic structure.

Evolutionary legacy of a forest plantation tree species (): Implications for widespread afforestation.

Many natural systems are subject to profound and persistent anthropogenic influence. Human-induced gene movement through afforestation and the selective transportation of genotypes might enhance the potential for intraspecific hybridization, which could lead to outbreeding depression. However, the evolutionary legacy of afforestation on the spatial genetic structure of forest tree species has barely been investigated.

Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks.

Oaks ( L.) are ideal models to assess patterns of plant diversity. We integrated the sequence data of five chloroplast and two nuclear loci from 50 Chinese oaks to explore the phylogenetic framework, evolution and diversification patterns of the Chinese oak's lineage.

Paenibacillus turpanensis sp. nov., isolated from a salt lake of Turpan city in Xinjiang province, north-west China.

Strain YIM B00363, a Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, spore-forming bacterium, was isolated from saline soil samples collected from a salt lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China, and was characterized using a polyphasic approach. The optimum growth temperature was 37 °C and the optimum pH was 7.5-8.

Evaluating Population Genetic Structure and Demographic History of (Fagaceae) Based on Specific Length Amplified Fragment Sequencing.

Effectively identifying the genetic structure and related factors of a species can facilitate understanding the evolutionary history of the species. Phylogeographic patterns and genetic data are essential in investigating the species historical processes and diversification that response to environmental, climatic and geological influences. In this study, Specific Length Amplified Fragment Sequencing (SLAF-seq) data and ecological niche models (ENMs) are combined to identify the genetic structure and demographic modeling of , and evaluate the impacts of historical range shifts, climatic variation, and landscape factors on this species.

Species delimitation and interspecific relationships of the endangered herb genus Notopterygium inferred from multilocus variations.

Species identification and discrimination is the basis of biodiversity research. In general, it is considered that numerous nucleotide variations (e.g.

Effects of Geological and Environmental Events on the Diversity and Genetic Divergence of Four Closely Related Pines: , , , and .

The effects of mountain uplift and environmental oscillations on nucleotide variability and species divergence remain largely unknown in East Asia. In this study, based on multiple nuclear DNA markers, we investigated the levels and patterns of nucleotide diversity and interspecific divergence in four closely related pines in China, i.e.

Functional Genetic Diversity and Culturability of Petroleum-Degrading Bacteria Isolated From Oil-Contaminated Soils.

In this study, we compared the culturability of aerobic bacteria isolated from long-term oil-contaminated soils via enrichment and direct-plating methods; bacteria were cultured at 30°C or ambient temperatures. Two soil samples were collected from two sites in the Shengli oilfield located in Dongying, China. One sample (S0) was close to the outlet of an oil-production water treatment plant, and the other sample (S1) was located 500 m downstream of the outlet.

Effects of the Tanaka Line on the genetic structure of (Malvaceae) in dry-hot valley areas of southwest China.

Southwest China is an important biodiversity hotspot. The interactions among the complex topography, climate change, and ecological factors in the dry-hot valley areas in southwest China may have profoundly affected the genetic structure of plant species in this region. In this study, we determined the effects of the Tanaka Line on genetic variation in the wild tree in southwest China.

Population genetics, phylogenomics and hybrid speciation of Juglans in China determined from whole chloroplast genomes, transcriptomes, and genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS).

Genomic data are a powerful tool for elucidating the processes involved in the evolution and divergence of species. The speciation and phylogenetic relationships among Chinese Juglans remain unclear. Here, we used results from phylogenomic and population genetic analyses, transcriptomics, Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS), and whole chloroplast genomes (Cp genome) data to infer processes of lineage formation among the five native Chinese species of the walnut genus (Juglans, Juglandaceae), a widespread, economically important group.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Adaptive Evolution of Notopterygium incisum and Notopterygium franchetii, Two High-Alpine Herbal Species Endemic to China.

The extreme conditions (e.g., cold, low oxygen, and strong ultraviolet radiation) of the high mountains provide an ideal natural laboratory for studies on speciation and the adaptive evolution of organisms.

Efficient Identification of the Forest Tree Species in Aceraceae Using DNA Barcodes.

Aceraceae is a large forest tree family that comprises many economically and ecologically important species. However, because interspecific and/or intraspecific morphological variations result from frequent interspecific hybridization and introgression, it is challenging for non-taxonomists to accurately recognize and identify the tree species in Aceraceae based on a traditional approach. DNA barcoding is a powerful tool that has been proposed to accurately distinguish between species.

Genetic Structure and Evolutionary History of Three Alpine Sclerophyllous Oaks in East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains and Adjacent Regions.

The East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains (EH-HM) region has a high biodiversity and harbors numerous endemic alpine plants. This is probably the result of combined orographic and climate oscillations occurring since late Tertiary. Here, we determined the genetic structure and evolutionary history of alpine oak species (including , and ) using both cytoplasmic-nuclear markers and ecological niche models (ENMs), and elucidated the impacts of climate oscillations and environmental heterogeneity on their population demography.

Transcriptome Sequencing and Development of Genic SSR Markers of an Endangered Chinese Endemic Genus Dipteronia Oliver (Aceraceae).

Dipteronia Oliver (Aceraceae) is an endangered Chinese endemic genus consisting of two living species, Dipteronia sinensis and Dipteronia dyeriana. However, studies on the population genetics and evolutionary analyses of Dipteronia have been hindered by limited genomic resources and genetic markers. Here, the generation, de novo assembly and annotation of transcriptome datasets, and a large set of microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers derived from Dipteronia have been described.

The complete chloroplast genome of Dipteronia sinensis (Aceraceae), an endangered endemic species to China.

The complete chloroplast sequence of D. sinensis was reported in this study. The total length was 157 080 bp containing a pair of 26 766 bp inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb), which were separated by a small single copy regions and a large single copy regions (SSC and LSC) of 18 093 and 85 455 bp, respectively.

Characterization of Global Transcriptome Using Illumina Paired-End Sequencing and Development of EST-SSR Markers in Two Species of Gynostemma (Cucurbitaceae).

Gynostemma pentaphyllum is an important medicinal herb of the Cucurbitaceae family, but limited genomic data have hindered genetic studies. In this study, transcriptomes of two closely-related Gynostemma species, Gynostemma cardiospermum and G. pentaphyllum, were sequenced using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology.

De novo assembly and characterization of the leaf, bud, and fruit transcriptome from the vulnerable tree Juglans mandshurica for the development of 20 new microsatellite markers using Illumina sequencing.

Manchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.) is a vulnerable, temperate deciduous tree valued for its wood and nut, but transcriptomic and genomic data for the species are very limited. Next generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to develop molecular markers for this species rapidly and efficiently.

The complete plastid genome of Bunge's pine Pinus bungeana (Pinaceae).

The complete nucleotide sequence of Bunge's pine Pinus bungeana Zucc. ex Endl. chloroplast genome (cp DNA) was determined in this study.

The complete chloroplast genome of Armand pine Pinus armandii, an endemic conifer tree species to China.

The complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequence of an endemic conifer species, Armand pine Pinus armandii Franch., is determined in this study. The cpDNA was 117,265 bp in length, containing a pair of 475 bp inverted repeat (IR) regions those distinguished in large and small single copy (LSC and SSC) regions of 64,548 and 51,767 bp in length, respectively.

Negadavirga shengliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Cyclobacteriaceae isolated from oil-contaminated saline soil.

Four novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile bacterial strains, SLG210-21(T), SLG210-4, SLG210-5 and SLG210-14, were isolated from oil-contaminated saline soil in Shengli Oilfield, China. Growth were observed at 25-42 °C (optimum 37 °C), in the presence of 0-10 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0-1 %) and at pH 4.0-10.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Heliconius pachinus (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Heliconius pachinus has been reconstructed from the whole-genome Illumina sequencing data. The circular genome is 15,369 bp in length, and comprises the typical components: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and 1 D-loop region. PCGs are mostly initiated with either the ATN codons (COII, COIII, Cytb, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, ND5, ND6, ATP6 & ATP8) or the TTG codon (ND1); the COI gene may use the unusual CGA as its initiation codon, as suggested for other lepidopteran species.

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the endangered plant Dipteronia sinensis (Sapindaceae).

Premise Of The Study: Microsatellite markers were developed in Dipteronia sinensis to investigate the population genetics of this endangered plant. •

Methods And Results: Using the Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences COntaining repeats (FIASCO) protocol, 19 microsatellite loci were developed in D. sinensis and evaluated for their variability in 29 samples from a natural population.