Prognostic value of nomogram model based on clinical risk factors and CT radiohistological features in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective: To construct a nomogram model based on clinical risk factors and CT radiohistological features to predict the prognosis of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).

Methods: A total of 148 patients with HICH from April 2022 to July 2024 were retrospectively selected as the research subjects. According to the modified Rankin scale at the time of discharge, they were divided into good group (Rankin scale score 0-2) and bad group (Rankin scale score 3-6).

GDNF family receptor alpha-like (GFRAL) expression is restricted to the caudal brainstem.

Objective: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) acts on the receptor dimer of GDNF family receptor alpha-like (GFRAL) and Rearranged during transfection (RET). While Gfral-expressing cells are known to be present in the area postrema and nucleus of the solitary tract (AP/NTS) located in the brainstem, the presence of Gfral-expressing cells in other sites within the central nervous system and peripheral tissues is not been fully addressed. Our objective was to thoroughly investigate whether GFRAL is expressed in peripheral tissues and in brain sites different from the brainstem.

Enabling Modular Click Chemistry Library through Sequential Ligations of Carboxylic Acids and Amines.

High-throughput synthesis and screening of chemical libraries play pivotal roles in drug discovery. Click chemistry has emerged as a powerful strategy for constructing highly modular chemical libraries. However, the development of new click reactions and unlocking new clickable building blocks remain exceedingly challenging.

Prediction of phase transition and time-varying dynamics of the (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation by parameter-integrated physics-informed neural networks with phase domain decomposition.

A meaningful topic that needs to be explored in the field of nonlinear waves is whether a neural network can reveal the phase transition of different types of waves and novel dynamical properties. In this paper, a physics-informed neural network (PINN) with parameters is used to explore the phase transition and time-varying dynamics of nonlinear waves of the (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation describing the propagation of gravity waves on the surface of water. We embed the physical parameters into the neural network for this purpose.

Discovery of a first-in-class Aurora A covalent inhibitor for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer.

Aurora kinases, which belong to the serine/threonine protein family, play critical roles in the regulation of the cell cycle and mitotic spindle assembly. They are frequently highly expressed in various types of tumors, and the use of selective Aurora kinase inhibitors has become a potential treatment option for cancer therapy. Despite the development of some reversible Aurora kinase inhibitors, none has been approved for clinical use yet.

Electrically conductive TiO/CB/PVDF membranes for synchronous cross-flow filtration and solar photoelectrocatalysis.

Combining photocatalysis (PC) and membrane filtration (MF) has emerged as an attractive technology for water purification, however, the water purification efficiency and membrane fouling are still challenging. Herein, we report a novel photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) membrane mediated by a ternary polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-carbon black (CB)-TiO composite conductive membrane synthesized by a phase inversion method assisted by the mixed surfactants of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The resultant electrically conductive TiO/CB/PVDF membrane features a homogeneous surface with obvious pore size of 20-150 nm, a thickness ∼116 μm, and an average resistivity as low as ∼3.

Characterization Methodology and Activity Evaluation of Solar-Driven Catalysts for Environmental Remediation.

Solar-driven photocatalysis mediated by semiconductors has been rapidly developed as a green and sustainable technology for environmental remediation. Continuous efforts have been devoted to novel semiconducting photocatalysts to boost the efficiency of the photocatalytic system. However, controversy has widely existed in materials characterization and photocatalytic activity evaluation.

Copper-catalyzed direct decarboxylative fluorosulfonylation of aliphatic carboxylic acids.

Sulfonyl fluorides are emerging as key structural motifs in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and materials science. Herein we report two efficient and complementary methods for direct decarboxylative fluorosulfonylation of carboxylic acids by the merging of copper catalysis with different -centered HAT regents. A wide range of structurally diverse sulfonyl fluorides was readily accessed from primary, secondary, and tertiary carboxylic acids in a single step under mild conditions.

Organocatalytic enantioselective S1-type dehydrative nucleophilic substitution: access to bis(indolyl)methanes bearing quaternary carbon stereocenters.

A highly general and straightforward approach to access chiral bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs) bearing quaternary stereocenters has been realized enantioconvergent dehydrative nucleophilic substitution. A broad range of 3,3'-, 3,2'- and 3,1'-BIMs were obtained under mild conditions with excellent efficiency and enantioselectivity (80 examples, up to 98% yield and >99 : 1 ). By utilizing racemic 3-indolyl tertiary alcohols as precursors of alkyl electrophiles and indoles as C-H nucleophiles, this organocatalytic strategy avoids pre-activation of substrates and produces water as the only by-product.

Snowflake Bionic Flow Channel Design to Optimize the Pressure Drop and Flow Uniform of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

The flow channel design of bipolar plates plays a significant role in the proton exchange membrane fuel cells operation, particularly in thermal and water management. The pursuit of low-pressure drop supply and flow field uniformity in PEM fuel cells has not stopped, resulting in numerous new bipolar plate flow channel designs. The biomimetic leaf vein shape-based flow channel and lung flow channel designs can significantly improve gas supply uniformity and reduce pressure drop.

Catalytic Decarboxylative Fluorosulfonylation Enabled by Energy-Transfer-Mediated Photocatalysis.

Sulfonyl fluorides are useful building blocks in a wide array of fields. Herein, we report a catalytic decarboxylative fluorosulfonylation approach for converting abundant aliphatic carboxylic acids to the corresponding sulfonyl fluorides. This transformation is enabled by simple preactivation as aldoxime esters and energy-transfer-mediated photocatalysis.

Study of Chitosan Ingestion Remitting the Bone Damage on Fluorosis Mice with Micro-CT.

Chronic excessive fluoride exposure may lead to fluorosis, which causes health problems like a decrease in bone mechanical strength. It was speculated that chitosan may combine with fluorine to form in vivo organic fluorine, and may reduce the damage caused by fluorine. Hence, it is necessary to conduct a study to investigate the influence of chitosan on fluorosis mice.

Photoredox-catalyzed aminofluorosulfonylation of unactivated olefins.

The development of efficient approaches to access sulfonyl fluorides is of great significance because of the widespread applications of these structural motifs in many areas, among which the emerging sulfur(vi) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) click chemistry is the most prominent. Here, we report the first three-component aminofluorosulfonylation of unactivated olefins by merging photoredox-catalyzed proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) activation with radical relay processes. Various aliphatic sulfonyl fluorides featuring a privileged 5-membered heterocyclic core have been efficiently afforded under mild conditions with good functional group tolerance.

Expression of STAT1 is positively correlated with PD-L1 in human ovarian cancer.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 () is related to the immune of tumorigenesis. The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) have been reported to be important in immunotherapy by mediating tumor immune evasion. Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can restore the endogenous anti-tumor immune response.

A Novel Aurora Kinase Inhibitor Attenuates Leukemic Cell Proliferation Induced by Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an essential role in protecting leukemic cells from chemotherapeutic agents through activating a wide range of adhesion molecules and cytokines. Thus, more attention should be paid to attenuate the protection of leukemic cells by MSCs. By examining the gene expression files of MSCs from healthy donors and AML patients through high-throughput microarrays, we found that interleukin (IL)-6 was an important cytokine secreted by AML MSCs to protect leukemic cells, contributing to disease progression.

Enantioselective Dehydrative γ-Arylation of α-Indolyl Propargylic Alcohols with Phenols: Access to Chiral Tetrasubstituted Allenes and Naphthopyrans.

Herein, we report an enantioselective dehydrative γ-arylation of α-indolyl propargylic alcohols with phenols via organocatalysis, which provides efficient access to chiral tetrasubstituted allenes and naphthopyrans in high yields with excellent regio- and enantioselectivities under mild conditions. This method features the use of cheaply available naphthols/phenols as the C-H aryl source and liberating water as the sole byproduct. Control experiments suggest that the excellent enantioselectivity and remote regioselectivity stem from dual hydrogen-bonding interaction with the chiral phosphoric acid catalyst.

Discrete effects on boundary conditions of the lattice Boltzmann method for fluid flows with curved no-slip walls.

The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been formulated as a powerful numerical tool to simulate incompressible fluid flows. However, it is still a critical issue for the LBM to overcome the discrete effects on boundary conditions successfully for curved no-slip walls. In this paper, we focus on the discrete effects of curved boundary conditions within the framework of the multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) model.

Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Diamines via Umpolung Cross-Mannich Reaction of Cyclic Ketimines.

A catalytic asymmetric umpolung cross-Mannich reaction of cyclic ketimines is realized. This protocol provides an efficient methodology for the facile synthesis of chiral vicinal tetrasubstituted diamines in high yields with excellent chemo-, regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities using cinchona-derived bifunctional organocatalysts (85-98% yield, up to >20:1 dr, and >99% ee).

Aurora kinase inhibitor restrains STAT5-activated leukemic cell proliferation by inducing mitochondrial impairment.

Current chemotherapy regimens on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) still have some drawbacks, such as intolerance and drug resistance, which calls need for the development of targeted therapy. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) is often overexpressed or abnormally activated in leukemia and involved in cell self-renewal, proliferation, and stress adaptation. Overexpressed Aurora A (AURKA) is associated with poor prognosis in tumors, and inhibitors against AURKA are already in clinical trials.

Copper-free Sandmeyer-type Reaction for the Synthesis of Sulfonyl Fluorides.

A copper-free Sandmeyer-type fluorosulfonylation reaction is reported. Utilizing NaSO and Selectfluor as the sulfur dioxide and fluorine sources, respectively, aryldiazonium salts were transformed into sulfonyl fluorides. The one-pot direct synthesis of sulfonyl fluorides from aromatic amines was also realized via in situ diazotization.

Visible-light-promoted radical cross-coupling of para-quinone methides with N-substituted anilines: an efficient approach to 2,2-diarylethylamines.

An efficient protocol to access 2,2-diarylethylamines via visible-light-promoted radical reactions of para-quinone methides (p-QMs) with N-alkyl anilines has been disclosed. These reactions feature metal-free, redox-neutral, and mild reaction conditions with wide functional group compatibility.

Construction of Sulfonyl Phthalides via Copper-Catalyzed Oxysulfonylation of 2-Vinylbenzoic Acids with Sodium Sulfinates.

Copper-catalyzed difunctionalization of 2-vinylbenzoic acids with sodium sulfinates to construct substituted lactones has been realized. This protocol employs inexpensive CuCl as the catalyst, di--butyl peroxide or O as the terminal oxidant, and readily available sodium sulfinates as sulfonylation reagents. High functional group tolerance and excellent yields were demonstrated by the efficient preparation of a wide range of γ-sulfonylated phthalides.

Pim1 Impacts Enterovirus A71 Replication and Represents a Potential Target in Antiviral Therapy.

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) infection causes hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and fatal neurological diseases, and there are no effective treatments. Host factors play key roles in establishing viral infection and determining the disease progression and outcome of antiviral therapies. In this study, we found that the expression of Pim1 was significantly upregulated in EV-A71 infection.