Exploring the Impact of Exercise-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Biology.

Cancer remains a major challenge in medicine, prompting exploration of innovative therapies. Recent studies suggest that exercise-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may offer potential anti-cancer benefits. These small, membrane-bound particles, including exosomes, carry bioactive molecules such as proteins and RNA that mediate intercellular communication.

Comparative Metabolomic Analysis of Leaves of Different Geographical Origins and Their Antioxidant Effects on C2C12 Myotubes.

is widely grown throughout the tropics and increasingly used for its therapeutic and nutraceutical properties. These properties are attributed to potent antioxidant and metabolism regulators, including glucosinolates/isothiocyanates as well as flavonoids, polyphenols, and phenolic acids. Research to date largely consists of geographically limited studies that only examine material available locally.

The impact of physical activity on promoter-specific methylation of genes involved in the redox-status and disease progression: A longitudinal study on post-surgery female breast cancer patients undergoing medical treatment.

Most anticancer treatments act on oxidative-stress pathways by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill cancer cells, commonly resulting in consequential drug-induced systemic cytotoxicity. Physical activity (PA) has arisen as an integrative cancer therapy, having positive health effects, including in redox-homeostasis. Here, we investigated the impact of an online supervised PA program on promoter-specific DNA methylation, and corresponding gene expression/activity, in 3 antioxidants- (SOD1, SOD2, and CAT) and 3 breast cancer (BC)-related genes (BRCA1, L3MBTL1 and RASSF1A) in a population-based sample of women diagnosed with primary BC, undergoing medical treatment.

Sex-Chromosome-Related Dimorphism in Steroidogenic Enzymes and Androgen Receptor in Response to Testosterone Treatment: An In Vitro Study on Human Primary Skeletal Muscle Cells.

Gender-related methodology in biomedical sciences receives considerable attention, with numerous studies highlighting biological differences between cisgender males and females. These differences influence the clinical symptoms of various diseases and impact therapeutic approaches. In this in vitro study, we investigate the potential role of sex-chromosome-related dimorphism on steroidogenic enzymes, androgen receptor (AR) expression, and cellular translocation in primary human skeletal muscle cells before and after exposure to testosterone.

Oxidative Stress and Skeletal Muscle Function.

Skeletal muscle is continuously exposed during its activities to mechanical/oxidative damage [...

The Impact of Spermidine on C2C12 Myoblasts Proliferation, Redox Status and Polyamines Metabolism under HO Exposure.

A central feature of the skeletal muscle is its ability to regenerate through the activation, by environmental signals, of satellite cells. Once activated, these cells proliferate as myoblasts, and defects in this process profoundly affect the subsequent process of regeneration. High levels of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (HO) with the consequent formation of oxidized macromolecules increase myoblasts' cell death and strongly contribute to the loss of myoblast function.

Leaf Extract Protects C2C12 Myotubes against HO-Induced Oxidative Stress.

The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense systems leads to macromolecule and tissue damage as a result of cellular oxidative stress. This phenomenon is considered a key factor in fatigue and muscle damage following chronic or high-intensity physical exercise. In the present study, the antioxidant effect of leaf extract (MOLE) was evaluated in C2C12 myotubes exposed to an elevated hydrogen peroxide (HO) insult.

Quercetin Modulates IGF-I and IGF-II Levels After Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle-Damage: A Placebo-Controlled Study.

Background: Prolonged or unaccustomed eccentric exercise may cause muscle damage and depending from its extent, this event negatively affects physical performance.

Objectives: The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate, in humans, the effect of the flavonoid quercetin on circulating levels of the anabolic insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-II), produced during the recovery period after an eccentric-induced muscle damage (EIMD).

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study has been performed; twelve young men ingested quercetin (1 g/day) or placebo for 14 days and then underwent an eccentric-induced muscle damaging protocol.

Effect of Tadalafil Administration on Redox Homeostasis and Polyamine Levels in Healthy Men with High Level of Physical Activity.

The phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) tadalafil, in addition to its therapeutic role, has shown antioxidant effects in different in vivo models. Supplementation with antioxidants has received interest as a suitable tool for preventing or reducing exercise-related oxidative stress, possibly leading to the improvement of sport performance in athletes. However, the use/abuse of these substances must be evaluated not only within the context of amateur sport, but especially in competitions where elite athletes are more exposed to stressful physical practice.

Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women: The Role of Body Composition and Physical Exercise.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide and the most common cause of cancer-related death. To date, it is still a challenge to estimate the magnitude of the clinical impact of physical activity () on those parameters producing significative changes in future BC risk and disease progression. However, studies conducted in recent years highlight the role of not only as a protective factor for the development of ER+ breast cancer but, more generally, as a useful tool in the management of BC treatment as an adjuvant to traditional therapies.

Leaf Extract Upregulates Nrf2/HO-1 Expression and Ameliorates Redox Status in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells.

is a multi-purpose herbal plant with numerous health benefits. In skeletal muscle cells, leaf extract (MOLE) acts by increasing the oxidative metabolism through the SIRT1-PPARα pathway. SIRT1, besides being a critical energy sensor, is involved in the activation related to redox homeostasis of transcription factors such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2).

Quercetin Supplementation Improves Neuromuscular Function Recovery from Muscle Damage.

This study was aimed at investigating whether quercetin (Q) may improve the recovery of neuromuscular function and biochemical parameters in the 7 days following an eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EEIMD). Sixteen men (25.9 ± 3.

Endurance training improves plasma superoxide dismutase activity in healthy elderly.

We aimed to characterize the plasma redox homeostasis as underlying physiological mechanisms of specific training on healthy elderly. 51 healthy volunteers were trained to endurance, resistance, Neuro-Muscular Electrical Stimulation for 12 weeks, 3 sessions/w, all applied to lower limbs. We assessed ex-post quadriceps' maximal voluntary contraction, handgrip strength, five-times-sit to stand and timed up-and-go tests, oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl groups), antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione peroxidase, Glutathione homeostasis), free thiols and total antioxidant status.

Telomere length is independently associated with age, oxidative biomarkers, and sport training in skeletal muscle of healthy adult males.

In skeletal muscle, which mainly contains postmitotic myonuclei, it has been suggested that telomere length remains roughly constant throughout adult life, or shortens in response to physiopathological conditions in muscle diseases or in the elderly. However, telomere length results from both the replicative history of a specific tissue and the exposure to environmental, DNA damage-related factors, therefore the predictive biological significance of telomere measures should combine the analysis of the various interactive factors. In the present study, we analysed any relationship between telomere length [mean and minimum terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length] chronological age, oxidative damage (4-HNE, protein carbonyls), catalase activity, and heat shock proteins expression (αB-crystallin, Hsp27, Hsp90) in semitendinous muscle biopsies of 26 healthy adult males between 20 and 50 years of age, also exploring the influence of regular exercise participation.

Chronic consumption of quercetin reduces erythrocytes oxidative damage: Evaluation at resting and after eccentric exercise in humans.

The polyphenolic flavonoid quercetin has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant, in vitro and in murine models. However, its effect on redox status has been poorly examined in humans, particularly in combination with strenuous exercise. We hypothesized that quercetin supplementation would beneficially affect redox homeostasis in healthy individuals undergoing eccentric exercise.