Imaging of Upper Limb Tumors and Tumorlike Pathology.

Bone and soft tissue sarcomas are uncommon tumors that can occur within the upper extremity as well as elsewhere within the body. However, certain histopathological subtypes have increased affinity for the upper limb and even certain sites within the arm and hand. Other benign masses and tumor mimics, such as infection and traumatic lesions, are more common and imaging appearances can sometimes overlap with malignant lesions making diagnosis difficult.

The Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Magnetic Resonance Parameters for Knee Osteoarthritis.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA), a topic poorly explored in the literature. Overall, 783 people participating in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (59.8% females; mean age: 62.

Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and serum cortisol levels in a sample of workers exposed to occupational stress and suffering from Adjustment Disorders.

Introduction: Decreased plasma BDNF (pBDNF) levels have been proposed as a biomarker in illness phases of mood disorders. Serum cortisol (seC) levels are an index of energy mobilization and stress. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate pBDNF and seC levels in workers exposed to occupational stress and suffering from Adjustment Disorders (AD) compared to healthy workers.

Gallbladder and small bowel metastasis of regressive melanoma: a case report.

Malignant melanoma development in gastrointestinal (GI) tract may be primary or secondary. Although small bowel, colon and stomach represent common GI sites affected from metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma (cMM), more than 90% of the cases are identified only during autoptic examinations. Therefore, the diagnosis in a living patient of gallbladder metastasis from cMM is considered extremely rare.

Radium-223 for the treatment of bone metastases in castration-resistant prostate cancer: when and why.

Radium-223 dichloride (Ra) is the first, recently approved, α-particle-emitting radiopharmaceutical for the treatment of patients with bone metastases in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and no evidence of visceral metastases. We explored MEDLINE, relevant congresses, and websites for data on Ra and prostate cancer therapies, focusing on therapeutic strategies and timing, bone metastases, and diagnostic assessment. Ra represents the only bone-targeting agent that has significantly extended patients' overall survival while reducing pain and symptomatic skeletal events.

Application of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and MR-tractography in the evaluation of peripheral nerve tumours: state of the art and review of the literature.

Peripheral nerves can be affected by a variety of benign and malignant tumour and tumour-like lesions. Besides clinical evaluation and electrophysiologic studies, MRI is the imaging modality of choice for the assessment of these soft tissue tumours. Conventional MR sequences, however, can fail to assess the histologic features of the lesions.

Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and ultrasonography (US) in the study of the small bowel in Crohn's disease: state of the art and review of the literature.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic idiopathic disease and its diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging data. There isn't a diagnostic gold standard: the ileocolonoscopy with mucosal biopsies represents the standard for luminal disease, while cross-sectional imaging such as Ultrasound (US), Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can show transmural alterations and extraintestinal manifestations. CD is usually diagnosed in the young age and after baseline diagnosis, the patients have to undergo to variable follow-up depending on remission or active disease.

Medical radiological procedures: which information would be chosen for the report?

Aims And Objectives: The aim of this study was to properly define the information regarding patient exposure to Ionizing Radiations in the radiological report, according to the European Directive 2013/59/EURATOM (EU 2013/59 art.58(b)). For this purpose, we evaluated the results from other Member States EU 2013/59 transpositions and from Guidelines recommendation published by International Organizations involved in diagnostic radiology.

[The protection of the worker affected by neoplastic pathologies and the role of the occupational physician for his reintegration into work].

Objectives: The protection of the worker affected by neoplastic pathologies and his reintegration into work represent subjects of undoubted relevance for the occupational physician. Many are the workers affected by neoplastic diseases and more are those who are able to regain good living conditions and sufficient work capacity to be reintegrated into profitable work. Several rights are related to the assessment of a certain percentage of disability, the recognition of "Handicap in a serious situation", and others according to the requirements of the Italian law for the right to work of disabled people -L.

The new lens dose limit: implication for occupational radiation protection.

Aim And Objectives: The aim of this article was to explore the implications of the new Euratom dose limit for occupational radiation protection in the context of medical occupational radiation exposures. The European Directive 2013/59/Euratom takes into account the new recommendations on reduction in the dose limit for the lens of the eye for planned occupational exposures released in 2012 by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP 118).

Materials And Methods: Different dose-monitoring procedures and devices were considered.

New advances in MRI diagnosis of degenerative osteoarthropathy of the peripheral joints.

Degenerative osteoarthropathy is one of the leading causes of the pain and disability from musculoskeletal disease in the adult population. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows optimal visualization of all tissues involved in degenerative osteoarthritis disease process, mainly the articular cartilage. In addition to qualitative and semiquantitative morphologic assessment, several MRI-based advanced techniques have been developed to allow characterization and quantification of the biochemical cartilage composition.

Delayed Rupture of a Cortical Traumatic Intracranial Aneurysm.

Traumatic intracranial aneurysms are rare lesions that occur after blunt or primarily penetrating mechanisms. These are extremely fragile vessel injuries associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially after rupture. Disease natural history, surveillance strategies, and management are based on small case series.

Postmortem Imaging: An Update.

Postmortem imaging is a fascinating field of forensic radiology that has seen extraordinary growth in the last 10 years. Indeed, if autopsy represents the sole reliable method of determining the definitive cause of death, imaging may provide an efficient guide to supplement conventional autopsy. This is particularly true because of several techniques that are currently available, such as postmortem computed tomography, multiphase postmortem computed tomography angiography, and postmortem magnetic resonance imaging.

A Practical Guide to Virtual Autopsy: Why, When and How.

Postmortem imaging is considered a routine investigative modality in many forensic institutions worldwide. Because of its ability to provide a quick and complete documentation of skeletal system and major parenchymal alterations, postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) is the imaging technique most frequently applied in postmortem forensic investigations. Also postmortem magnetic resonance has been implemented in postmortem setting, but its use is mostly limited to focused analysis (eg, study of the heart and brain).

Primary muscle involvement in a 15-year-old girl with the recurrent homozygous c.362dupC variant in FKBP14.

Kyphoscoliotic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome associated with FKBP14 (FKBP14-kEDS) is an ultrarare autosomal recessive disorder reported in less than 30 individuals so far. In its original description, emphasis was put on the mild muscle involvement. Further reports confirm that FKBP14-kEDS is distinguishable from primary muscle disorders by the lack of progressive muscle disease.

Mediterranean diet and knee osteoarthritis outcomes: A longitudinal cohort study.

Objectives: Mediterranean diet has several beneficial effects on health, but data regarding the association between Mediterranean diet and knee osteoarthritis (OA) are limited mainly to cross-sectional studies. We investigated whether higher Mediterranean diet adherence is prospectively associated with lower risk of radiographic OA (ROA), radiographic symptomatic knee OA (SxOA) and pain worsening in North American people at high risk or having knee OA.

Methods: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using a validated Mediterranean diet score (aMED), categorized in five categories (Q1 to Q5, higher values reflecting higher adherence to Mediterranean diet).

Imaging of the limping child.

Limping is a challenging symptom in the pediatric patient as the diagnosis can range from traumatic, malformative, infectious/inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. In this paper, we propose a schematic imaging algorithm to the limping child in three different age groups (Toddler: 1-3years, child: 4-10 years; adolescent: 11-16 years) based on presence of signs of infection, any specific localization of pain, and history of trauma. In this setting, the most common imaging pitfalls are also summarised.

Myo-inositol in autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism.

Myo-inositol (Myo-Ins) plays an important role in thyroid function and autoimmunity. Myo-Ins is the precursor for the synthesis of phosphoinositides, which takes part in the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) signal transduction pathway, and plays a decisive role in several cellular processes. In the thyroid cells, PtdIns is involved in the intracellular thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) signaling, via Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) (PIP-3).

Forensic Radiology: An Update.

Forensic radiology is a specialized area of medical imaging using radiological techniques to assist physicians and pathologists in matters related to the law. The forensic application of diagnostic medical radiology can be applied in many fields; the prime target of evaluation is the osseous skeleton, but soft tissues and abdominal and thoracic viscera may offer key findings. The technological progress in clinical radiology provides a lot of potential tools to forensic radiology, allowing wider fields of applications in this matter.

Parosteal osteosarcoma with focal fatty metaplasia: A case report.

Parosteal osteosarcoma originates on the surface of long bones. The juxtacortical variety is one of the most common ones and accounts for about 5% of all osteosarcomas. We report the case of a 34-year-old female patient with a rare variant of parosteal osteosarcoma.

CXCL9 chemokine in ulcerative colitis.

The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the role of CXCL9 in Ulcerative Colitis (UC), in order to understand the mechanism underlying the inflammation in UC and to investigate also if Th1-chemokines could be useful as a marker of disease. It was shown that chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)3 and its ligand chemokine, monokine induced by interferon (IFN)-γ(MIG)/ chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL)9, are highly overexpressed both in the intestinal mucosa of mice with experimental colitis and in patients with UC (specifically, in lymphocytes, macrophages and epithelial cells). In epithelial colonic cells CXCL9 expression is increased by IFN-γ.