A new parameter to increase the predictive value of multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging for clinically significant prostate cancer in targeted biopsies: lesion density.

Aim: To investigate the predictive value of lesion length in multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging with respect to prostate volume for clinically significant prostate cancer diagnosis in targeted biopsies.

Materials And Methods: The data of biopsy-naïve patients in the Turkish Urooncology Association Prostate Cancer Database who underwent targeted prostate biopsies were included in this study. Lesion density is calculated as the ratio of lesion length (mm) in MR to prostate volume (cc).

Colorectal cancer and microbiota: systematic review.

Introduction: The gut microbiome maintains the mucus membrane barrier's integrity, and it is modulated by the host's immune system.

Aim: To detect the effect of microbiota modulation using probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, and natural changes on colorectal cancers (CRCs).

Methods: A PubMed search was conducted to retrieve the original and articles published in English language from 2010 until 2021 containing the following keywords: 1) CRCs, 2) CRCs treatment (i.

Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain, Anxiety, and Vital Signs in Endoscopy.

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of relaxation exercise with VR (Virtual Reality) glasses on pain severity, anxiety level, and vital signs in patients undergoing endoscopy.

Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study including a control group with a pretest/post-test applied. This study was conducted with a total of 100 patients, including 50 patients in the intervention and 50 patients in the control group.

The incidence of vascular injuries in patients with negative cervical computed tomography (CT) following blunt trauma.

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) angiography is commonly utilized to quickly identify vascular injuries caused by blunt cervical trauma. It is often conducted alongside a cervical spine CT, based on established criteria. This study assessed the prevalence of cervical vascular injuries identified via CT angiography (CTA) in patients who had negative findings on cervical CT scans.

Alcohol use among populations with autism spectrum disorder: narrative systematic review.

Background: Alcohol use in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is under-researched. Previous reviews have explored substance use as a whole, but this neglects individual characteristics unique to different substances. Alcohol use in non-clinical samples is associated with diverse responses.

The relationship between HPV-Associated LSIL and HSIL lesions and overactive bladder in postmenopausal women.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between HPV-associated LSIL and HSIL lesions and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in postmenopausal women, highlighting the role of severe histopathological lesions.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on postmenopausal women aged 40-65 years who presented at Istanbul Bakırköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital between January 2021 and March 2023. The study included HPV-positive patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), as well as HPV-negative controls.

Comparison of the Influence of Polypropylene (PP) or Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)-Based Meltblown and Polyester/Polyamide-Based Hydroentangled Inner Layers on the Sound and Thermal Insulation Properties of Layered Nonwoven Composite Structures.

Thermal and sound insulation play a vital role in today's world, and nonwoven composite structures including microfiber layers provide efficient solutions for addressing these demands. In this study, the sound and thermal insulation properties of nonwoven composite structures, including single-layer meltblown, multilayer meltblown, hydroentangled, and nanofiber nonwoven inner layers, were compared statistically by using Design Expert 13 software. The inner layer type and outer layer type of the composite structures were considered as independent variables, and thickness, bulk density, air permeability, sound absorption coefficient, and thermal resistance of composite structures were evaluated as dependent variables during statistical analyses.

Impact of Cell Design Parameters on Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Cores for Carbon Epoxy Sandwich Composites.

The introduction of 3D printing technology has broadened manufacturing possibilities, allowing the production of complex cellular geometries, including auxetic and curved plane structures, beyond the standard honeycomb patterns in sandwich composite materials. In this study, the effects of cell design parameters, such as cell geometry (honeycomb and auxetic) and cell size (cell thickness and width), are examined on acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) core materials produced using fusion deposition modeling (FDM). They are produced as a result of the epoxy bonding of carbon epoxy prepreg composite materials to the surfaces of core materials.

Status of Sepsis Care in European Hospitals: Results from an International Cross-Sectional Survey.

Rationale: Early detection, standardized therapy, adequate infrastructure and strategies for quality improvement should constitute essential components of every hospital's sepsis plan.

Objectives: To investigate the extent to which recommendations from the sepsis guidelines are implemented and the availability of infrastructure for the care of patients with sepsis in acute hospitals.

Methods: A multidisciplinary cross-sectional questionnaire was used to investigate sepsis care in hospitals.

Trends in prescribing montelukast in patients with asthma in real-life: Results from the Turkish adult asthma registry.

Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) approved for the treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis, is widely used, though real-world data on its application in asthma management remain limited. This registry-based study evaluated the use of montelukast in adult asthma patients, examining demographic and disease characteristics, asthma control status, asthma phenotypes, presence of atopy, and treatment regimens. Among 2053 patients analyzed, 61.

Upper Extremity Exercise Capacity and Muscle Oxygenation in Patients With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.

Background And Objectives: Patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) have a reduction in exercise capacity from the early stages. Although there are studies investigating these patients' lower extremity exercise capacity using various methodologies, there needs to be more research on the functional exercise capacity of the upper extremities. This study aimed to compare pulmonary function, upper extremity functional exercise capacity, muscle oxygenation, muscle strength, and physical activity level in children with PCD and controls.

Associations Between Walking Pace, APOE-ε4 Genotype, and Brain Health in Middle-Aged to Older Adults.

Poor physical function and possession of the e4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene are each associated with increased dementia risk, but it is unclear how these exposures interact to influence brain health. Purpose: To investigate whether self-reported walking pace (a marker of physical function) and the presence of APOE-ε4 allele interact to modify brain health outcomes. Methods: We used data from a prospective cohort study of middle-aged to older adults from the UK Biobank who self-reported walking pace (slow or steady-to-brisk), and who were initially free of dementia (n = 415,110).

Mpox virus (MPXV): comprehensive analysis of pandemic risks, pathophysiology, treatments, and mRNA vaccine development.

Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic disease caused by the Mpox virus (MPXV), which has recently attracted global attention due to its potential for widespread outbreaks. Initially identified in 1958, MPXV primarily spreads to humans through contact with infected wild animals, particularly rodents. Historically confined to Africa, the virus has expanded beyond endemic regions, with notable outbreaks in Europe and North America in 2022, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Sparstolonin B Reduces Estrogen-Dependent Proliferation in Cancer Cells: Possible Role of Ceramide and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Inhibition.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Sparstolonin B (SsnB) on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human ovarian epithelial cancer (OVCAR-3) cell lines in the presence and absence of estradiol hemihydrate (ES). Phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B alpha (p-AKT), phosphorylated mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) signaling proteins, and sphingomyelin/ceramide metabolites were also measured within the scope of the study. The anti-proliferative effects of SsnB therapy were evaluated over a range of times and concentrations.

Cationic Micelle-like Nanoparticles as the Carrier of Methotrexate for Glioblastoma Treatment.

In the present study, ultra-small, magnetic, oleyl amine-coated FeO nanoparticles were synthesized and stabilized with a cationic ligand, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and an anticancer drug, methotrexate, was incorporated into a micelle-like nanoparticle structure for glioblastoma treatment. Nanoparticles were further characterized for their physicochemical properties using spectroscopic methods. Drug incorporation efficiency, drug loading, and drug release profile of the nanoparticles were investigated.

Effects of Pelargonium Sidoides Extract on Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Human Neuroblastoma Cells.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, often presenting challenges in treatment due to its clinical and genetic heterogeneity. This study investigated the anticancer potential of root extract on the human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). Using XTT assays, ELISA-based oxidative stress markers, and RT-PCR analysis of apoptotic genes, the study explored the extract's effects on cell proliferation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.

Ethanol Sclerotherapy for Endometriomas in Infertile Women: A Narrative Review.

Ethanol sclerotherapy (EST) has gained attention as a minimally invasive treatment option for ovarian endometriomas, particularly in infertile women with endometrioma undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Endometriomas are associated with decreased ovarian reserve and impaired fertility outcomes, and traditional surgical approaches, such as cystectomy, often lead to further reductions in ovarian reserve. Ethanol sclerotherapy offers a potential alternative that preserves ovarian function while effectively managing endometriomas.

Effects of Sequential Antimicrobial Phases on Root Canal Microbiome Dynamics in Two-Visit Treatment of Primary Apical Periodontitis: A Longitudinal Experimental Study.

Background: Effective management of primary apical periodontitis depends on understanding the dynamic interactions within the root canal microbiome. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sequential antimicrobial phases on the root canal microbiome during a two-visit treatment approach, with a focus on calcium hydroxide medication.

Methods: Samples were collected from three teeth across four treatment phases: initial infection (S1), after chemomechanical preparation (S2), after intracanal medication (S3), and after a final flush (S4).

Enhancing the Chemosensitivity of MKN-45 Gastric Cancer Cells to Docetaxel via Suppression: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy.

Purpose: Although chemotherapy is one of the standard treatments for gastric cancer, the disease's resistance mechanisms continue to limit the survival rates. (), an immune checkpoint belonging to the B7 family, is significantly overexpressed in gastric cancer. This work investigated the possibility of using suppression to improve the effectiveness of the widely used chemotherapy medication docetaxel.

An Epigenetic Locus Associated with Loss of Smell in COVID-19.

Background/aim: Loss of smell, also known as anosmia, is a prevalent and often prolonged symptom following infection with SARS-CoV-2. While many patients regain olfactory function within weeks, a significant portion experience persistent anosmia lasting over a year post-infection. The underlying mechanisms responsible for this sensory deficit remain largely uncharacterized.

The Expression of Proteases and the Oligopeptide Transporter in the Yolk Sac Membrane, Proventriculus, and Small Intestine During the Development of Embryo.

The role of the yolk sac membrane (YSM) and digestive tract in the processing of egg yolk proteins during embryogenesis is unexplored in the duck . Here, we investigated in the duck embryo the function of the YSM, proventriculus, and small intestine in protein digestion and uptake. We tested the expression of aminopeptidase N () and the oligopeptide transporter as well as the expression of cathepsin B () and cathepsin D () lysosomal genes in the YSM during incubation days 12, 14, 16-18, 20, 22, 24, 26, and 28 (the day of hatch).

A framework for monitoring RSV prevention product effectiveness in the United States.

During 2023, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended the first respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunizations intended for widespread use in the United States to prevent severe RSV illness in infants and older adults. CDC, in collaboration with federal, public health, and academic partners, is conducting evaluations of real-world effectiveness of recommended RSV immunization products in the United States. Similar frameworks for evaluation are being applied to RSV vaccines and nirsevimab, a long-acting preventative monoclonal antibody, to estimate product effectiveness.

Ultrasonographic accuracy in evaluating response of clipped lymph nodes in targeted axillary dissection in breast cancer.

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in assessing the response of clipped axillary lymph nodes to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Between February 2022 and September 2023, 43 patients who underwent axillary lymph node marking for targeted axillary dissection were retrospectively analyzed. Ultrasonography parameters such as the number, size, shape, cortical thickness, hilum status, and treatment response of the clipped lymph node were assessed.