Hepatic arterial port systems for treatment of liver metastases: factors affecting patency and adverse events.

Purpose: To assess the outcome of interventional hepatic arterial port placement in a prospective phase II trial.

Materials And Methods: One-hundred five consecutive patients were included in this study. Primary endpoint was port patency; secondary endpoints were complications, toxicity, response, and progression free and overall survival.

Intratumoral infusion of interleukin-1beta and interferon-gamma induces tumor invasion with macrophages and lymphocytes in a rat glioma model.

Malignant gliomas are hard to treat successfully. Like other treatments immune therapy fails presumably due to low concentration of immune modifiers within the tumor. However, convection-enhanced delivery (CED) may overcome this problem.