Pressure support ventilation improves ventilation during inhalational induction of anesthesia in children: A pilot study.

Study Objective: To evaluate the impact of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with or without pressure support ventilation (PSV) on the lung volume and the ventilation distribution during inhalational induction of anesthesia in children.

Design: Prospective observational clinical pilot-study.

Setting: University Children's Hospital of Lyon, France.

Deciphering the Phytochemical Potential of Hemp Hairy Roots: A Promising Source of Cannabisins and Triterpenes as Bioactive Compounds.

L., specifically hemp, is a traditional herbaceous plant with industrial and medicinal uses. While much research has focused on cannabinoids and terpenes, the potential of hemp roots is less explored due to bioproduction challenges.

Ocular and palpebral manifestations of mastocytosis: A prospective single-center study.

Background: Ocular discomfort has been described as a frequent symptom in patients with mastocytosis, a rare disease resulting from accumulation of mast cells in organs.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the frequency and describe the nature of ocular and palpebral abnormalities in mastocytosis patients.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center study in adult mastocytosis patients, who were systematically examined by a dermatologist and an ophthalmologist with determination of tear cytokine levels.

Multiomics approaches disclose very-early molecular and cellular switches during insect-venom allergen-specific immunotherapy: an observational study.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) induces immune tolerance, showing the highest success rate (>95%) for insect venom while a much lower chance for pollen allergy. However, the molecular switches leading to successful durable tolerance restoration remain elusive. The primary outcome of this observational study is the comprehensive immunological cellular characterization during the AIT initiation phase, whereas the secondary outcomes are the serological and Th2-cell-type-specific transcriptomic analyses.

Ectopic Thymoma in the Thorax With Associated Myasthenia Gravis.

A 52-year-old man presented with a one-year history of episodic unilateral facial numbness, jaw weakness, ptosis, and hoarseness. Brain imaging was unremarkable and an 11.5cm right lower thoracic mass was discovered on chest x-ray, which was further evaluated by CT and MRI radiology.

In-line monitoring of bioreactor by Raman spectroscopy: Direct use of a standard-based model through cell-scattering correction.

Raman spectroscopy and machine learning have become popular in in-line monitoring of bioreactors. However, traditional modeling processes typically entail extensive fermentation batches to collect learning datasets, which are significantly time-consuming and laborious. In addition, these models are limited to configurations with the same conditions as the training batches.

Imaging-Based Drug Penetration Profiling in an Excised Sheep Cornea Model.

Formulations designed to address ocular conditions and diseases are predominantly administered topically. While in vitro test systems have been developed to assess corneal permeation under extended contact conditions, methods focusing on determining the penetration depth and kinetics of a substance within the cornea itself rather than through it, are scarce. This study introduces a method for time-dependent penetration depth analysis (10 and 60 min) by means of a semiquantitative imaging method in comparison with a quantitative corneal depth-cut technique, employing fluorescein sodium at concentrations of 0.

Overview of 37 Tear Substitutes in Europe Based on Various Physicochemical Parameters.

Introduction: Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most prevalent eye conditions worldwide, with artificial tears serving as a primary treatment option. Despite their wide availability on the European market, there is a lack of established classifications based on their physicochemical properties. The aim of our study was therefore (i) to develop an analytical method that measures the concentration and the molecular weight (MW) of the hyaluronic acid (HA) in commercialized products, and (ii) to propose an overview based on their various physicochemical parameters.

Sex-dependent effects of a high fat diet on metabolic disorders, intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota in mouse.

Obesity is often associated with sex-dependent metabolic complications, in which altered intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota contribute. We aimed to characterize in mice the sex-dependent effects of a high fat diet on these parameters. Male and female C57BL/6 mice received a standard (SD) or high fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal from fat) during 14 weeks (W14).

Real-Life Study on the Efficacy and Tolerance of a Preservative-Free Surfactant-Free Latanoprost Eye Drop in Patients with Glaucoma.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to assess the real-life efficacy and tolerance of a new preservative-free, surfactant-free latanoprost (PFSF-LAT) formulation.

Methods: Retrospective, multicentre, non-comparative, observational study in patients with ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma, naïve or non-naïve to previous intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering treatment, and treated for at least 3 months with the study eye drop. IOP for worse eye, ocular signs and symptoms, and concomitant use of artificial tears were collected at study drug initiation and at last visit under treatment.

On the possible use of hydraulic force to assist with building the step pyramid of saqqara.

The Step Pyramid of Djoser in Saqqara, Egypt, is considered the oldest of the seven monumental pyramids built about 4,500 years ago. From transdisciplinary analysis, it was discovered that a hydraulic lift may have been used to build the pyramid. Based on our mapping of the nearby watersheds, we show that one of the unexplained massive Saqqara structures, the Gisr el-Mudir enclosure, has the features of a check dam with the intent to trap sediment and water.

Assessment of corneal nerve regeneration after axotomy in a compartmentalized microfluidic chip model with automated 3D high resolution live-imaging.

Introduction: Damage to the corneal nerves can result in discomfort and chronic pain, profoundly impacting the quality of life of patients. Development of novel method is crucial to better understand corneal nerve regeneration and to find new treatments for the patients. Existing models often overlook the physiology of primary sensory neurons, for which the soma is separated from the nerve endings.

The Impact of PEEP on Ventilation Distribution in ARDS.

Background: The first aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to identify the effect of PEEP on regional ventilation distribution and the regional risk of collapse, overdistention, hypoventilation, and pendelluft in mechanically ventilated patients. The second aim was to evaluate the feasibility of EIT for estimating airway opening pressure (AOP).

Methods: The EIT signal was recorded both during baseline cyclic ventilation and slow insufflation for one breath for 9 subjects with moderate-to-severe ARDS.

Impact of intensive prone position therapy on outcomes in intubated patients with ARDS related to COVID-19.

Background: Previous retrospective research has shown that maintaining prone positioning (PP) for an average of 40 h is associated with an increase of survival rates in intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study aims to determine whether a cumulative PP duration of more than 32 h during the first 2 days of intensive care unit (ICU) admission is associated with increased survival compared to a cumulative PP duration of 32 h or less.

Methods: This study is an ancillary analysis from a previous large international observational study involving intubated patients placed in PP in the first 48 h of ICU admission in 149 ICUs across France, Belgium and Switzerland.

Wafer Scale Insulation of High Aspect Ratio Through-Silicon Vias by iCVD.

In microelectronics, one of the main 3D integration strategies consists of vertically stacking and electrically connecting various functional chips using through-silicon vias (TSVs). For the fabrication of the TSVs, one of the challenges is to conformally deposit a low dielectric constant insulator thin film at the surface of the silicon. To date, there is no universal technique that can address all types of TSV integration schemes, especially in the case requiring a low deposition temperature.

The Onset of Intussusceptive Angiogenesis in COVID-19 Patients Might Come from the Mobilization of Stem Cell Sub-Populations Expressing the Hemangioblast Marker CD143.

COVID-19 and infectious diseases have been included in strategic development goals (SDG) of United Nations (UN). The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has unveiled complex pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning COVID-19, notably inducing a systemic acquired vascular hemopathy characterized by endothelial dysfunction and intussusceptive angiogenesis, a rapid vascular remodeling process identified as a hallmark in severe COVID-19 cases affecting pulmonary and cardiac tissues. Stem cell migration have been proposed as significant regulators of this neoangiogenic process.

Recording and classifying MET receptor mutations in cancers.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) directed against MET have been recently approved to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbouring activating MET mutations. This success is the consequence of a long characterization of MET mutations in cancers, which we propose to outline in this review. MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), displays in a broad panel of cancers many deregulations liable to promote tumour progression.

Tunable DNMT1 degradation reveals DNMT1/DNMT3B synergy in DNA methylation and genome organization.

DNA methylation (DNAme) is a key epigenetic mark that regulates critical biological processes maintaining overall genome stability. Given its pleiotropic function, studies of DNAme dynamics are crucial, but currently available tools to interfere with DNAme have limitations and major cytotoxic side effects. Here, we present cell models that allow inducible and reversible DNAme modulation through DNMT1 depletion.