Measured low-energy x-ray spectra of interest in diagnostic radiology and mammography.

In cities situated at high-altitude, the measured x-ray spectra are required to calculate the absorbed dose to water in radiobiology and medical dosimetry because of the air-density effect. This work aims to measure, in a high-altitude city, a set of x-ray spectra from an x-ray tube with tungsten anode generated at potentials of the M-series x-ray beams from NIST in the range of 20 and 150 kV as well as other beam qualities that have been characterized and used for dosimetry study in our group called W-series. To also measure some spectra of mammography interest in the energy range of 25 and 35 kV using additional filtration of rhodium (Rh), molybdenum (Mo) and silver (Ag).

Report of AAPM Task Group 235 Radiochromic Film Dosimetry: An Update to TG-55.

The use of radiochromic film (RCF) dosimetry in radiation therapy is extensive due to its high level of achievable accuracy for a wide range of dose values and its suitability under a variety of measurement conditions. However, since the publication of the 1998 AAPM Task Group 55, Report No. 63 on RCF dosimetry, the chemistry, composition, and readout systems for RCFs have evolved steadily.

Electron Inelastic Mean Free Paths for LiF, CaF, AlO, and Liquid Water from 433 keV down to the Energy Gap.

We report new calculations, which include the influence of the band gap and exciton states, of the electron inelastic mean free path (IMFP) for liquid water, LiF, CaF, and AlO from the band gap to 433 keV. Among compounds, liquid water is the most studied due to its role in radiobiological research, whereas LiF and CaF are the most widely used thermoluminescent dosimeters in environmental monitoring and medical and space dosimetry. Due to its sensitivity, the optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter, AlO, has recently begun to be used for personnel monitoring.

Relative efficiency of Gafchromic EBT3 and MD-V3 films exposed to low-energy photons and its influence on the energy dependence.

Energy-dependence of Gafchromic films exposed to low-energy photons has been reported to be a function of absorbed-dose. However, these studies are based on a relative-response, R, which considers the absorbed-dose in water and not within the film sensitive-volume. This work investigated the relative-efficiency, RE, (ratio of absorbed-dose required to produce the same net optical density (netOD) by Co gamma and by x-ray) of Gafchromic EBT3 and MD-V3 films exposed to five x-ray beams from 20 kV to 160 kV and Co gamma rays.

On the role of magnesium in a LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeter.

LiF doped with Mg and Ti is the most widely used thermoluminescent (TL) dosimeter for a large variety of applications. It has been argued that the Mg dopant is the most important defect in the TL process. Besides the common F-centre defects in LiF, optical absorption measurements have suggested the presence of Mg-related absorption bands at 380 nm (3.