Chemical Relationship among Genetically Authenticated Medicinal Species of Genus Angelica.

The genus comprises various species utilized for diverse medicinal purposes, with differences attributed to the varying levels or types of inherent chemical components in each species. This study employed DNA barcode analysis and HPLC analysis to genetically authenticate and chemically classify eight medicinal species ( = 106) as well as two non-medicinal species ( = 14) that have been misused. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region revealed differences ranging from 11 to 117 bp, while showed variances of 3 to 95 bp, respectively.

Chemotaxonomic Classification of and Its Chemical Correlation with , , and by Liquid Chromatography Combined with Chemometrics.

The roots of (Apiaceae) have been used as an alternative to the roots of (Apiaceae) to treat common cold-related symptoms in Korea. However, a variety of species, including the roots of or (=), have been used to treat phlegm-heat-induced symptoms in China. Hence, as there are differences in the medicinal application of roots between Korea and China, chemotaxonomic classification of was evaluated.

Neuroprotective effects of ethanolic extract from dry L. rhizomes.

Unlabelled: L. rhizome has been used as a traditional medicine to treat fatigue, depression, and cognitive dysfunction. We aimed to authenticate L.

Aqueous extract of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the c-fos/NFATc1 pathway.

Objective: The flower of chrysanthemum, used worldwide as a medicinal and edible product, has shown various bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumorigenic, and hepatoprotective activities, as well as cardiovascular protection. However, the effect of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. on the regulation of osteoclast differentiation has not yet been reported.

Quantitative Comparison of the Marker Compounds in Different Medicinal Parts of L. Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector with Chemometric Analysis.

It is thought that the therapeutic efficacy of L. is determined by its biological compounds. We investigated the chemical differences in the medicinal parts of by analyzing a total of 57 samples (15 root barks, 11 twigs, 12 fruits, and 19 leaves).

Chemotaxonomic Monitoring of Genetically Authenticated Amomi Fructus Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector with Chemometric Analysis.

Amomi Fructus is widely used to treat digestive disorders, and , var. , and are permitted medicinally in national pharmacopeias. However, there are a variety of adulterants present in herbal markets owing to their morphological similarities to the genuine species.

DNA Markers to Discriminate L. 'Cheungsam' with Low Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Content from Other South Korea Cultivars Based on the Nucleotide Sequences of and Putative Genes.

L. has been utilized for a long time as a traditional herbal medicine in Korea. Dry fruits, achenes, each containing a single seed of , are currently prescribed as (Cannabis Semen), a laxative.

Identification and Monitoring of Amomi Fructus and its Adulterants Based on DNA Barcoding Analysis and Designed DNA Markers.

Amomi Fructus is one of the traditional medicines derived from the ripe fruits of the Zingiberaceae family of plants, which include , var. , and . Owing to their highly similar morphological traits, several kinds of adulterants of Amomi Fructus have been reported.

Quantitative Interrelation between Atractylenolide I, II, and III in Koidzumi Rhizomes, and Evaluation of Their Oxidative Transformation Using a Biomimetic Kinetic Model.

Analytical methods based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry (UPLC/ion-trap MS) were developed for quantification of atractylenolide I, II, and III in the methanol extract of rhizomes with a C column in an acidified water/acetonitrile gradient eluent in an LC system, and ion-trap MS coupled with electrospray ionization was employed under positive-ion mode. The three atractylenolides were quantified in all samples, and the content of atractylenolide I, II, and III showed a significant correlation to each other. Such high correlation was explained by the mechanistic insights into the biosynthetic pathway of atractylenoide III and I from atractylenoide II by using the biomimetic cytochrome P450 model, [Fe(tmp)](CFSO) (tmp = -tetramesitylporphyrin).

Chemical Differentiation of Genetically Identified , , and Rhizomes Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Chemometric Analysis.

The rhizome of , which is a herbal medicine used for gastrointestinal therapeutics, has been categorized with rhizome or rhizome based on different therapeutic criteria in Korea, China, and Japan. In the present study, 61 , , and rhizomes were collected from Korea and China and were genetically identified by internal transcribed spacer sequencing analysis. Chromatographic profiles were obtained from high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the methanol and hot-water extracts of rhizomes and chemical differentiation of the rhizomes was carried out using chemometric statistical analyses such as principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, and Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis.

Optimal Processing Conditions of Birdw. Using Response Surface Methodology.

Background: Bridw. is being widely used for its anti-inflammatory properties, as well as for wound healing, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties, and boswellic acids (BAs) are considered to be the main active constituents.

Objectives: To investigate optimal conditions of stir-baking process for the resin of with vinegar of using response surface methodology (RSM).

Reversine inhibits MMP-1 and MMP-3 expressions by suppressing of ROS/MAPK/AP-1 activation in UV-stimulated human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts.

UVB has been shown to stimulate the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently results in the activation of various intracellular signalling pathways and transcription factors (AP-1, NF-κB). These transcription factors are regulated by MAPKs, which increase cytokine and MMP expression. We examined the preventive effects of reversine on MMP-1 and MMP-3 expressions in NHEKs and NHDFs exposed to UVB irradiation.

Effects of Banxia Xiexin Decoction () on Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Human A549 Lung Cancer Cells.

Objective: To examinie the synergistic effects of Banxia Xiexin Decoction (, Known as Banhasasim-tang in Korean) extract (BXDE) on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in the A549 human lung cancer cell lines.

Methods: A549 cells were treated with varying concentrations (50-200 μg/mL) of cisplatin and BXDE alone or in combination for 96 h. We used 1-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenylformazan assay and flow cytometry to analyze cell viability and apoptosis, respectively.

Extract Inhibits 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate-Induced Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 via the Activator Protein-1 Pathway in MCF-7 Cells.

Purpose: Metastatic cancers spread from the primary site of origin to other parts of the body. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is essential in metastatic cancers owing to its major role in cancer cell invasion. (CF), the mature fruits of L.

extract inhibits TPA-induced MMP-9 expression and invasion through the MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Cancer cell invasion is crucial for metastasis. A major factor in the capacity of cancer cell invasion is the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which degrades the extracellular matrix. has been used as a promotion for blood circulation to remove blood stasis.

Thunb. ethanol extract suppresses RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis.

The constituents of Thunb. (PJ) exhibit biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-obesity, anti-oxidant and anti-allergic activities. The aim of the present study was to examine effects of PJ in RANKL-induced signaling pathways, which determine osteoclast differentiation.

Sophorae Flos extract inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the NF-κB/NFATc1 pathway in mouse bone marrow cells.

Background: Sophorae Flos (SF) is a composite of flowers and buds of Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott and has been used in traditional Korean and Chinese medicine for the treatment of hemostasis and inflammation. Previous studies reported that SF possesses anti-obesity properties, as well as anti-allergic, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory activities.

Influence of herbal combinations on the extraction efficiencies of chemical compounds from Cinnamomum cassia, Paeonia lactiflora, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the herbal components of Gyeji-tang, evaluated by HPLC method.

During decoction process, the ingredients of herbal formula interact with each other, such that therapeutic properties and chemical extraction characteristics are altered. The crude drugs, Cinnamomum cassia (CC), Paeonia lactiflora (PL), and Glycyrrhiza uralensis (GU), are the main herbal constituents of Gyeji-tang, a traditional herbal formula. To evaluate the chemical interaction between CC, PL, and GU during the course of decoction, quantification of 16 marker compounds in the herbal decoction, performed using a Box-Behnken experimental design, was carried out by HPLC-diode array detection using validated method.

Application of Partial Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences for the Discrimination of Artemisia capillaris from Other Artemisia Species.

Several Artemisia species are used as herbal medicines including the dried aerial parts of Artemisia capillaris, which are used as Artemisiae Capillaris Herba (known as "Injinho" in Korean medicinal terminology and "Yin Chen Hao" in Chinese). In this study, we developed tools for distinguishing between A. capillaris and 11 other Artemisia species that grow and/or are cultured in China, Japan, and Korea.

Evaluation of Medicinal Categorization of Atractylodes japonica Koidz. by Using Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequencing Analysis and HPLC Fingerprinting Combined with Statistical Tools.

Atractylodes rhizomes have been used as the herbal medicine "Changchul" or "Baekchul," according to their clinical purpose, in Korea, China, and Japan. Among the Atractylodes species, the medicinal use of Atractylodes japonica has been controversial, as it is categorized as both Changchul and Baekchul in those countries, and, moreover, parts of the rhizome have been differently used, depending on age of the plant, in Korea. Chromatographic fingerprinting by using HPLC combined with chemometric analyses and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing analysis were conducted to classify and identify 34 crude drugs derived from Atractylodes rhizomes.

Suppression of TPA-induced cancer cell invasion by Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. extract through the inhibition of PKCα/NF-κB-dependent MMP-9 expression in MCF-7 cells.

Metastatic cancers spread from their site of origin (the primary site) to other parts of the body. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which degrades the extracellular matrix, is important in metastatic cancers as it plays a major role in cancer cell invasion. The present study examined the inhibitory effect of an ethanol extract of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb.

Poncirus trifoliata Rafin. induces the apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cells via activation of the c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways.

Background: Poncirus trifoliata Rafin. is a traditional medicine with known anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Traditionally, it is used to control chronic inflammation, allergy and gastrointestinal diseases such as digestive ulcers gastritis in China, Japan, and Korea.

Effects of Schisandra chinensis Turcz. fruit on contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene in mice.

Schisandra chinensis Turcz. fruit is widely used to treat skin diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of the methanol extract of S.