Relationship between serum levels of ANGPTL8, Apo C2, and human placental lactogen (hPL) in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: Interaction of LPL regulators with hPL, a possible contributing factor to insulin resistance.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance during pregnancy. We aimed to investigate the potential effects of betatrophin and ApoC2 in GDM, focusing on their roles in LPL (lipoprotein lipase) regulation and their relationship with hPL to elucidate the possible impact of hPL on lipid metabolism and its potential contribution to the development of GDM.

Methods: Thirty pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance and 29 with gestational diabetes mellitus (diagnosed by 75g OGTT between 24 and 28 weeks) were included in the study.

Genetic Variations and Serum Levels of Leptin and Ghrelin in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: This study aims to examine leptin and ghrelin gene polymorphisms and serum levels in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: The study comprised a case group of 40 children aged 2-7 diagnosed with ASD and a control group of 40 healthy children. The severity of ASD symptoms was assessed using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale and the Autism Behavior Checklist.

Evaluation of salivary melatonin and MMP-9 levels in periodontal diseases.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and melatonin levels in individuals with periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis.

Design: A total of 170 participants were enrolled in this study. They included 57 periodontally healthy individuals, 58 gingivitis patients, and 55 periodontitis patients.

Comparative evaluation of salivary melatonin levels in patients with bruxism: a case-control study.

To examine whether there is any difference in the levels of salivary melatonin between bruxism and nonbruxism groups and to compare the stress and anxiety levels between the two groups. Patients meeting the probable bruxism criteria according to the International Consensus on the Assessment of Bruxism Criteria were included in the bruxism group. The salivary melatonin concentrations of both groups were measured using an ELISA kit.

Effect of bone grafting on bone union in exchange nailing for the treatment of femoral shaft nonunions.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of bone grafting on the bone union in exchange nailing (EN) for the treatment of femoral shaft nonunions.

Methods: A total of 26 patients (16 male) were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 36.

Review of Machine Learning Techniques in Soft Tissue Biomechanics and Biomaterials.

Background And Objective: Advanced material models and material characterization of soft biological tissues play an essential role in pre-surgical planning for vascular surgeries and transcatheter interventions. Recent advances in heart valve engineering, medical device and patch design are built upon these models. Furthermore, understanding vascular growth and remodeling in native and tissue-engineered vascular biomaterials, as well as designing and testing drugs on soft tissue, are crucial aspects of predictive regenerative medicine.

Synthesis and Characterisation of Core-Shell Microparticles Formed by Ni-Mn-Co Oxides.

In this work, core and core-shell microparticles formed by Ni-Mn-Co oxides with controlled composition were fabricated by an oxalate-assisted co-precipitation route, and their properties were analysed by diverse microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. The microparticles exhibit dimensions within the 2-6 μm range and mainly consist of NiO and NiMnO, the latter being promoted as the temperature of the treatment increases, especially in the shell region of the microparticles. Aspects such as the shell dimensions, the vibrational modes of the spinel compounds primarily observed in the shell region, the oxidation states of the cations at the surface of the microparticles, and the achievement of a Ni-rich 811 core and a Mn-rich 631 shell were thoroughly evaluated and discussed in this work.

Pulp stones: any relevance with the levels of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D and uric acid.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and uric acid levels on pulp stone formation.

Materials And Methods: Patients who were admitted to the Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology for dental complaints were registered. Among these patients, individuals who had routine biochemical tests at the same period in the Outpatient Clinics of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Training and Research Hospital were included in the study.

Differential distribution of intermediate filament proteins in the bovine and ovine tongues.

Intermediate filaments constitute the most heterogeneous class among the major classes of cytoskeletal proteins of mammalian cells. The 40 or more intermediate filament proteins have been classified into five types which show very specific rules of expression in specialized cell types. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical distribution of cytokeratins (CKs) 8, 18, and 19 as well as the intermediate filaments vimentin, laminin, and desmin in bovine and ovine tongues.

Is Bone Grafting Unnecessary in the Treatment of Cystic Scaphoid Pseudoarthrosis?

Purpose Of The Study: The basic aim of the treatment of cystic nonunion is to provide stable fi xation and mechanical compression to increase union, but there is no consensus on whether to perform bone grafting in the cystic area or not. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of patients with cystic scaphoid non-union who received open grafting, and internal fi xation and those treated with percutaneous fi xation without grafting. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective evaluation was made of patients included those determined radiologically with Slade and Dodds grade IV scaphoid cystic non-union.

Time to Change Our Viewpoints to Assess Renal Risks in Patients with Solitary Kidneys beyond Traditional Approaches?

Solitary functioning kidney (SFK) can be defined as the absence or hypofunction of a kidney due to acquired or congenital reasons. A congenital solitary functioning kidney (cSFK) is more common than is an acquired one (aSFK) and is characterized by the anatomical absence (agenesis) or hypofunction (hypoplasia; hypodysplasia) of one kidney from birth. Among the acquired causes, the most important is nephrectomy (Nx) (due to the donor, trauma or mass resection).

Relationship between serum Betatrophin, GPIHBP1, and LDL subfractions in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) leads to changes in the lipid metabolism. In this study, we aimed to compare serum levels of LDL subfractions, betatrophin, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1) between patients with GDM and healthy pregnant women.

Design And Methods: We designed a prospective case-control study with 41 pregnant women.

Factors affecting the postoperative quality of life and psychological well-being in pediatric urology patients.

Background: While most studies in pediatric urology investigate the clinical results, very few explore the relationship between surgery and quality of life and psychosocial well-being in pediatric urology practice. The determination of the effects of the surgical method on the quality of life (QoL) is of increasing importance.

Introduction: This study investigated the effect of surgery type on the postoperative QoL and psychological well-being of pediatric urological surgery patients.

Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Progression in Glaucoma Patients with Unchanged Topical Treatment over 3 Years - Retrospective Observational Cohort Analysis.

Background: Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is a mainstay of glaucoma therapy. It is, however, still an open question whether a comparable level of long-term IOP lowering achieved by different medications results in comparable protection for the retinal ganglion cells. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze glaucoma damage progression in two cohorts of primary open-angle glaucoma patients with different and unchanged therapy over a period of 3 years, and the main objective of this study was to determine possible differences in terms of structural [retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL)] and functional [visual field (VF)] outcome.

New Biomarkers (Endocan, Interleukin-17, and Thrombospondin-4) for the Diagnosis, Assessment of Severity, and Follow-Up of Peripheral Arterial Disease.

The present study evaluated the use of endocan, interleukin-17 (IL-17), and thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) blood levels as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Patients with PAD (Rutherford categories I, II, and III) who were admitted between March 2020 and March 2022 for cardiovascular surgery or outpatient clinic follow-up were included. The patients ( = 60) were divided into 2 groups: medical treatment ( = 30) and surgical treatment ( = 30).

High-temperature NO sensing performance of WO deposited by spray coating.

Nitric oxide (NO) selective sensors capable of sensing in a hot-gas environment are increasingly required for monitoring combustion and processes yielding high temperature gas containing NO. This work reports the fabrication of sensors by a facile deposition of water-based ink blended commercial WO powders spray coating on sensor platforms fitted with Au-interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) and the characterization of their sensing performances under hot NO-containing air at temperatures exceeding 500 °C. After deposition and heat treatment of the sensing material on the substrate fitted with Au-IDE at 700 °C, the composition and morphology of the active material were analyzed and the presence of a single phase, fine particulates of WO, has been confirmed by XRD and SEM, respectively.

Boron Compounds Exhibit Protective Effects against Aluminum-Induced Neurotoxicity and Genotoxicity: In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

Genetic, neuropathological and biochemical investigations have revealed meaningful relationships between aluminum (Al) exposure and neurotoxic and hematotoxic damage. Hence, intensive efforts are being made to minimize the harmful effects of Al. Moreover, boron compounds are used in a broad mix of industries, from cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to agriculture.

Comparison of orexin-A and neurofilament light chain levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.

Background And Purpose: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, with myelin degeneration and Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) as the most common type. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Neurofilament Light Chain (NFL) and Orexin-A (OXA) in patients with RRMS and compare it with healthy control subjects' data.

Methods: In this case-control study of 61 subjects, serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from 23 RRMS patients and 38 healthy control subjects.

Changes in Tears Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Level After External Dacryocystorhinostomy in Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.

Background: The authors aimed to define tears monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) changes after external dacryocystorhinostomy surgery.

Materials And Methods: Tears samples were collected with a Schirmer strip and stored in Eppendorf tubes at -80°C. At the end of the study, the papers were cut into small pieces and incubated with phosphate-buffered saline solution.

Expression of cadherins and some connective tissue components in cow uterus and placenta during pregnancy.

The implantation and placental development processes are regulated with cell adhesion molecules and remodeling of the maternal endometrium's extracellular matrices (ECM) and fetal chorion. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and localization of some classical cadherins (E-, N-, and P-cadherins) and extracellular matrix components collagen type 5α1, fibronectin, and laminin in the cow placentomes during pregnancy using immunohistochemical and Western blotting analyses. The study results confirmed the expression of E- and P-cadherins, collagen type Vα1 (COLVα1), fibronectin, and laminin in the cow placentomes, but not N-cadherin.

Comparison of trace element (selenium, iron), electrolyte (calcium, sodium), and physical activity levels in COVID-19 patients before and after the treatment.

Objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a worldwide health problem, is the cause of 2019 coronavirus disease. This study aimed to compare the trace element (selenium and iron), electrolyte (calcium and sodium), and physical activity levels of COVID-19 patients before and after COVID-19 treatment.

Method: This prospective study was conducted in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (n = 15).

Two-Dimensional Change in the Cystic Defects after Decompression and Enucleation of Jaw Cysts - A Comparative Study.

Introduction: To compare the treatment methods of enucleation and decompression with regards to reduction of the dimension of the cystic defect with the aid of a software program.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients with regular controls of 3, 6, and 12 months treated between January 1, 2013, and January 1, 2021, were selected and included in the study. Sixteen patients were treated with enucleation and 14 patients with decompression.

MXene Heterostructures as Perspective Materials for Gas Sensing Applications.

This paper provides a summary of the recent developments with promising 2D MXene-related materials and gives an outlook for further research on gas sensor applications. The current synthesis routes that are provided in the literature are summarized, and the main properties of MXene compounds have been highlighted. Particular attention has been paid to safe and non-hazardous synthesis approaches for MXene production as 2D materials.

Laser-Induced Interdigital Structured Graphene Electrodes Based Flexible Micro-Supercapacitor for Efficient Peak Energy Storage.

The rapidly developing demand for lightweight portable electronics has accelerated advanced research on self-powered microsystems (SPMs) for peak power energy storage (ESs). In recent years, there has been, in this regard, a huge research interest in micro-supercapacitors for microelectronics application over micro-batteries due to their advantages of fast charge-discharge rate, high power density and long cycle-life. In this work, the optimization and fabrication of micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) by means of laser-induced interdigital structured graphene electrodes (LIG) has been reported.

The Comparison of Dental Anxiety between Patients Treated with Impacted Third Molar Surgery and Conventional Dental Extraction.

Background: The aim of the present study is to compare the dental anxiety levels between two outpatient clinics.

Methods: Two hundred and seventy patients treated in two different clinics of minor oral surgery and dental extraction polyclinic in the Dental Faculty of Eskisehir Osmangazi University were included in the study. The impacted third molar surgery group and conventional dental extraction group consisted of 101 and 169 patients, respectively.