Totally thrombosed giant P2 aneurysm: a case report and review of literature.

The diagnosis and treatment of intracranial saccular giant aneurysms is still difficult despite developments in neuroradiology, neuroanesthesiology and micro-neurosurgery. These aneurysms are usually located on major intracranial arteries and are rarely on distal branches of these arteries. An extra-axial 4 x 5 cm mass lesion in the left mediobasal temporal region was detected on the CT and MRI examinations of a 37 year old male patient who was admitted to our institution with headache and slight right-sided hemiparesis lasting for 2 months.

How to write an experimental research paper.

The art and practice of academic neurosurgery are mastered by defining and learning the pertinent basic principles and skills. This article aims to present general guidelines to one of the many roles of a neurosurgeon: Writing an experimental research paper. Every research report must use the "IMRAD formula: introduction, methods, results and discussion".

Infratentorial lateral supracerebellar approach for trochlear nerve schwannoma.

Schwannomas of the trochlear nerve are very rare. Only 25 cases without associated neurofibromatosis were reported in the literature, only 15 of which were surgically verified. We report an unusual case of a 31-year-old man who presented with isolated unilateral trochlear nerve palsy due to a left sided trochlear nerve schwannoma.

Coronary-pulmonary artery fistula associated with right heart failure: successful closure of fistula with a graft stent.

Coronary artery fistula constitutes a rare congenital anomaly. The reported incidence of this anomaly ranges from 0.1% to 0.

Expression of growth factors and structural proteins in chordomas: basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor alpha, and fibronectin are correlated with recurrence.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the expression of certain growth factors and/or structural proteins is correlated with the biological behavior of cranial base chordomas.

Methods: The study investigated 14 pathological specimens of cranial base chordomas from patients who were monitored for at least 2 years after their initial operations. Some cases involved multiple tumor recurrences and multiple operations.

Tenascin in meningioma: expression is correlated with anaplasia, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and peritumoral edema but not with tumor border shape.

Objective: Tenascin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is expressed during embryogenesis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate how tenascin expression relates to histological grade, angiogenesis, and radiological findings in meningiomas.

Methods: Twenty typical, 20 atypical, and 5 malignant meningiomas were studied retrospectively.

Trace Element Analyses (Zinc and Selenium) in Pediatric Malignant Lymphomas.

Ninetysix untreated patients with Malignant lymphoma's, 81 Hodgkin's disease and 15 Burkitt's lymphoma were studied for zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) status. Plasma and hair Zn, and Se levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Chronic Zn and Se deficiencies (low plasma and low hair Zn and Se levels together) were found to be associated with Malignant lymphoma's in Turkish children.

Direct stent implantation in acute coronary syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of direct stenting and to compare it with conventional implantation techniques in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: A total of 145 patients were divided into two arms based on the stenting technique used: group I (n = 71) = direct stenting without predilatation group that included only single-vessel procedures and group II (n = 74) = stenting with predilatation group that included only single-vessel conventional stent implantations. The primary endpoint of the study was the major adverse clinical event (MACE) rate in-hospital, at 1 month, and at 6 months and the secondary endpoint was the balloon inflation time (BIT), the number of balloon inflations (NBI), the radiation exposure time (RET), the amount of contrast dye used (ACD) and the no-reflow phenomenon.

The effects of quantum energy surgical device and of bipolar coagulation: a comparative experimental study.

Objective: The quantum energy surgical device (QESD) employs an innovative, "no-touch" thermal coagulation, incision and evaporation technique in which thermal energy is delivered to tissue in the format of high-energy neutral argon gas atoms. The aim of this study is to compare QESD and bipolar coagulation (BC) through assessment of both haemostasis and histological damage to isolated femoral arteries of rats.

Methods: Sixty rats were randomly divided into acute and short-term experimental groups.

Tumor in tumor: metastasis of breast carcinoma to intracranial meningioma.

This report presents magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a breast carcinoma metastasis in an intracranial meningioma with correlated pathological findings. MRI showed multiple foci of intense enhancement with hypointense surrounding areas. The described foci appeared to be metastatic disease from the patient's known breast carcinoma.

Utility of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis and follow-up of tuberculous meningitis-related vasculopathy.

Introduction: This prospective clinical study tested the hypothesis that transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) can be efficiently utilized in the diagnosis and management of tuberculous meningitis-related vasculopathy.

Patients And Methods: Twenty patients with tuberculous meningitis were assessed with serial TCD examinations. Blood flow velocity (Vm) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured, and findings were correlated with patient prognosis and with clinical and radiological findings.

Spinal hydatid disease.

Study Design: Review article on spinal involvement of hydatid disease.

Objectives: A better understanding of this rare but clinically challenging disease is intended. An overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, presentation and diagnosis of spinal hydatid disease is provided.

Successful surgical resection of a muscular bridge in a patient with nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a case report.

The authors report a case of myocardial bridging associated with nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and severe intractable chest pain that was relieved by surgical resection of the muscular bridge. Surgical resection of a myocardial bridge may be considered in patients with refractory symptoms that can clearly be attributed to muscular bridge.

Metastatic papillary craniopharyngioma: case study and study of tumor angiogenesis.

We report a case of suprasellar papillary craniopharyngioma metastatic to the temporoparietal region 2 years after its initial resection. The literature documents examples of craniopharyngioma recurrences along the surgical tract, as well as remote ipsi- and contralateral metastases via cerebrospinal fluid seeding. Ours is the second report of a craniopharyngioma of papillary type to exhibit metastatic behavior.

Middle cerebral artery duplication associated with multiple intracranial aneurysms. Case report.

We present a case of middle cerebral artery (MCA) duplication associated with ipsilateral distal MCA and contralateral MCA bifurcation aneurysms.

Cervical spinal cord intramedullary abscess. Case report.

A case of progressive symptoms and signs of cervical spinal cord damage due to intramedullary abscess is reported. The literature is reviewed and the radiological features, particularly magnetic resonance image, are analyzed.

Characteristics of "Early Type-I Pattern" (0-6 years) Hodgkin's Disease in Turkish Children.

The clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of 54 children with HD in 0-6 years of age group were retrospectively analyzed. This group represented 27% of 200 HD cases observed in our center and was named as early type-I pattern HD. The association of EBV with HD was also shown by serologic and immunohistochemical methods (LMP1) in these very young Turkish patients.

Phenytoin toxicity with mandibular tremor secondary to intravenous administration.

The parenteral form of phenytoin is the most commonly used antiepileptic agent during the perioperative period in neurosurgery clinics. We report observations in a 52-year-old male patient with hypoalbuminemia and phenytoin intoxicity following 1 day preoperative administration and a 7-day postoperative intravenous administration of the drug with no modification of the oral dose. This report emphasizes the need for careful surveillance of phenytoin-induced toxicity during parenteral therapy, especially in debilitated patients.

Value of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis and follow-up of carotid-cavernous fistulae.

The introduction of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) has made it possible to examine blood flow characteristics in carotid-cavernous sinus fistulae (CCSF) in a noninvasive, relatively simple, and reliable way. This study investigated the usefulness of TCD in the diagnosis and follow-up of various CCSF subtypes. We found characteristic TCD findings associated with high-flow CCSF, but perhaps more importantly, found this technique to be an excellent tool also for detecting and following treatment results in low-flow CCSF.

Extreme lateral-transatlas approach for resection of the dens of the axis.

Object: Various approaches have been described for resection of the dens of the axis, each of which has potential advantages and disadvantages. Anterior approaches such as the transoral route or its modifications are the most commonly used for resection of this structure. The transcondylar approach, however, which allows the surgeon to view the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) from a lateral perspective, has been introduced by Al-Mefty, et al.

Determining optimal MRI follow-up after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma: scan at 24 hours postsurgery provides reliable information.

There is no agreed-upon schedule for MRI follow-up after pituitary adenoma removal via the transsphenoidal approach. Our aim was to establish a plan for MRI follow-up after pituitary surgery. Eighty pituitary adenoma cases (25 microadenomas, 30 macroadenomas that did not infiltrate the cavernous sinus, and 25 macroadenomas with cavernous sinus infiltration) were prospectively studied with MRI following tumor resection via the transsphenoidal approach.

Cervical neural foraminal widening caused by the tortuous vertebral artery.

A case of cervical neural foraminal widening due to tortuous vertebral artery is presented. This entity is rarely seen. Plain radiography, CT, 3-D CT angiography, MRI, and MRA findings of the case are presented and the importance of this vascular anomaly in the differential diagnosis of neural foraminal widening is discussed.

Gliosarcoma associated with neurofibromatosis type I: a case report.

Neurofibromatosis type I (NF I) is the most common hereditary syndrome predisposing to neoplasia. We report the third case in the literature, documenting the combination of gliosarcoma with NF I. The patient's son was known at our center because of a history of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) with NF I.

Further cranial settling of the upper cervical spine following odontoidectomy. Report of two cases.

A variety of diseases may affect the craniovertebral junction and require a decompressive and fusion procedure. Craniovertebral junction instability is expected after a fusion procedure. The authors describe two patients with basilar invagination who underwent transoral odontoidectomy and occipitocervical fixation.

A rare cause of hyperprolactinemia: persistent trigeminal artery with stalk-section effect.

The primitive trigeminal, otic, hypoglossal, and proatlantal intersegmental arteries are fetal anastomoses between the carotid and vertebrobasilar systems. Persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) is the most frequent embryonic communication between the vertebrobasilar and carotid systems in adults. We report a case of PTA compressing the left side of the pituitary gland and stalk, in a patient with elevated blood prolactin level.