Acinetobacter baumannii Bloodstream Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Worldwide Systematic Review.

Objectives: Bloodstream infection is one of the main causes of death in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacteria associated with bloodstream infection and subsequent death from high antibiotic resistance in this group of patients. We evaluated bloodstream infections of Acinetobacter baumannii in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Cohort profile: creation of the SAIL MELD-B e-cohort (SMC) and SAIL MELD-B children and young adult e-cohort (SMYC) to investigate the lived experience of the 'burdensomeness' of multimorbidity.

Purpose: We have established the SAIL MELD-B electronic cohort (e-cohort SMC) and the SAIL MELD-B children and Young adults e-cohort (SMYC) as a part of the Multidisciplinary Ecosystem to study Lifecourse Determinants and Prevention of Early-onset Burdensome Multimorbidity (MELD-B) project. Each cohort has been created to investigate and develop a deeper understanding of the lived experience of the 'burdensomeness' of multimorbidity by identifying new clusters of burdensomeness concepts, exploring early life risk factors of multimorbidity and modelling hypothetical prevention scenarios.

Participants: The SMC and SMYC are longitudinal e-cohorts created from routinely collected individual-level population-scale anonymised data sources available within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank.

Predictors of sepsis in trauma patients: a National Trauma Data Bank analysis.

Background: Trauma remains a global health issue being one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Sepsis and infections are common complications contributing to mortality, emphasizing the need to understand factors leading to such complications following trauma.

Aim: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with post-trauma sepsis using data from the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB).

Being "resilient" and achieving "resilience": From governmental discourses to the national research agenda in the contexts of food insecurity and cost of living.

The concept of 'resilience' is pervasive, permeating academic disciplines and political discourses. This paper considers (i) the construal of 'resilience' in the contexts of food insecurity and cost-of-living in governmental discourses in the United Kingdom (UK); (ii) to what extent the political representations are reflected in research funding calls of UK national funding bodies, thus showing possibility of shaping research agendas; and (iii) to what extent official uses of 'resilience' reflect lay understandings. We are combining a corpus-based discourse analysis of UK governmental discourses and research funding calls with a study of focus group discussions.

Unraveling the associations between voice pitch and major depressive disorder: a multisite genetic study.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) often goes undiagnosed due to the absence of clear biomarkers. We sought to identify voice biomarkers for MDD and separate biomarkers indicative of MDD predisposition from biomarkers reflecting current depressive symptoms. Using a two-stage meta-analytic design to remove confounds, we tested the association between features representing vocal pitch and MDD in a multisite case-control cohort study of Chinese women with recurrent depression.

Medical ambivalence and Long Covid: The disconnects, entanglements, and productivities shaping ethnic minority experiences in the UK.

Structural violence - related to 'isms' like racism, sexism, and ableism - pertains to the ways in which social institutions harm certain groups. Such violence is critical to institutional indifference to the plight of ethnic minority people living with long-term health conditions. With only emergent literature on the lived experiences of ethnic minorities with Long Covid, we sought to investigate experiences around the interplay of illness and structural vulnerabilities.

Rare case of dysphagia lusoria due to an anomalous vertebral artery originating from the aortic arch.

Dysphagia lusoria is a rare condition characterized by swallowing difficulties due to vascular compression of the esophagus. While most commonly caused by an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA), other vascular anomalies can also lead to this condition. We present a unique case of dysphagia lusoria in a 20-year-old Ethiopian male, caused by a vertebral artery originating anomalously from the aortic arch.

The impact of living with multiple long-term conditions (multimorbidity) on everyday life - a qualitative evidence synthesis.

Background: Multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), living with two or more long-term conditions (LTCs), often termed multimorbidity, has a high and increasing prevalence globally with earlier age of onset in people living in deprived communities. A holistic understanding of the patient's perspective of the work associated with living with MLTCs is needed. This study aimed to synthesise qualitative evidence describing the experiences of people living with MLTCs (multimorbidity) and to develop a greater understanding of the effect on people's lives and ways in which living with MLTCs is 'burdensome' for people.

Nanoparticle biosensors for cardiovascular disease detection.

Early detection and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are crucial for patient survival and long-term health. CVD biomarkers such as cardiac Troponin-I (cTnI), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), Galectin-3 (Gal-3), etc are released into the circulation following heart muscle injury, ie, acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Biosensor technology including the use of nanoparticles can be designed to target specific biomarkers associated with CVD, enabling early detection and more rapid intervention to decrease morbidity and mortality.

CSQUiD: an index and non-probability framework for constrained skyline query processing over uncertain data.

Uncertainty of data, the degree to which data are inaccurate, imprecise, untrusted, and undetermined, is inherent in many contemporary database applications, and numerous research endeavours have been devoted to efficiently answer skyline queries over uncertain data. The literature discussed two different methods that could be used to handle the data uncertainty in which objects having continuous range values. The first method employs a probability-based approach, while the second assumes that the uncertain values are represented by their median values.

Associations between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors according to age and sex.

Context: Subclinical thyroid dysfunction (ScTD) comprising subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events.

Objective: To assess associations between ScTD and cardiovascular risk factors (cvRFs) according to age and sex.

Design And Setting: Pooled individual participant data analysis of large prospective cohort studies from the Thyroid Studies Collaboration.

Preconception health in adolescence and adulthood across generations in the UK: Findings from three British birth cohort studies.

Optimising preconception health in women and men holds significant potential for improving pregnancy and offspring health outcomes. To create a picture of the state of preconception health in the UK, this study aimed to describe the prevalence of and changes in preconception health indicators reported in three British birth cohort studies: the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study (BCS70; born in 1970; N = 17,198), Next Steps (1989-1990; N = 15,770), and Millennium Cohort Study (MCS; 2000-2002; N = 19,517). The analysis focused on data obtained during participants' adolescence (16-17 years) and subsequent follow-ups at 25-26 years for BCS70 and Next Steps.

Chronic Manganese Neuro-Toxicity in a Patient With Cirrhosis and the Role of Iron-Deficiency Anaemia.

Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are prone to complications associated with impaired liver functioning. This coupled with iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) can predispose them to multiple comorbidities. We present an interesting case of a 69-year-old woman with a background history of liver cirrhosis due to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with frequent travels to Bangladesh, a southeast Asian country known for having high levels of manganese (Mn) in water for domestic use.

Acetaminophen in Pregnancy and Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and Autistic Spectrum Disorder.

Acetaminophen is a common over-the-counter medication that recently gained substantial media attention regarding its use by pregnant individuals. In this clinical perspective, we discuss the strengths and limitations of the published literature on the effect of maternal acetaminophen use in pregnancy on the child's risk of developing attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies included were specifically selected on the basis of the quality and validity of ADHD or ASD outcome definitions.

Design of a novel multi-epitope vaccine candidate against using advanced immunoinformatics approaches: An in silico study.

is the perilous pandemics that occurred in Asia and Europe. The bacterium has shown drug resistance that can cause the future pandemic and destroy the drug treatment against plague. As known, effective therapeutics such as designing potent vaccine that can aid world to protect against plague.

Bile's Hidden Weapon: Modulating the Microbiome and Tumor Microenvironment.

The human gut microbiome is a dynamic and intricate ecosystem, composed of trillions of microorganisms that play a pivotal role in maintaining overall health and well-being. However, the gut microbiome is constantly exposed to various environmental factors, including the bile produced by the liver, which can significantly impact its composition and function. Bile acids, secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, modulate the gut microbiome, influencing its composition and function.

A critical analysis of UK media characterisations of Long Covid in children and young people.

Long Covid is the continuation or development of symptoms related to a SARSCoV2 infection. Those with Long Covid may face epistemic injustice, where they are unjustifiably viewed as unreliable evaluators of their own illness experiences. Media articles both reflect and influence perception and subsequently how people regard children and young people (CYP) with Long Covid, and may contribute to epistemic injustice.

Developing consensus on priorities for preconception care in the general practice setting in the UK: Study protocol.

Background: Preconception medical, behavioural and socioeconomic risk factors are common among people of reproductive age and can impact pregnancy and offspring outcomes. In line with clinical guidance, primary care practitioners are encouraged to support patients to manage and optimise their health prior to pregnancy. Due to barriers, including lack of time and resources, this support is not currently part of routine practice.

A review on the potential use of bismuth nanoparticles in oral health.

According to many investigations, persistent oral infections may be caused by oral pathogenic biofilms. Irritation of soft tissues and subsequent bone resorption due to bacterial biofilm contamination of the implant further worsen oral health. Dental problems may be effectively treated using metal nanoparticles (NPs) because they limit the development of many different types of bacteria.

The JIBO Kids Corpus: A speech dataset of child-robot interactions in a classroom environment.

This paper describes an original dataset of children's speech, collected through the use of JIBO, a social robot. The dataset encompasses recordings from 110 children, aged 4-7 years old, who participated in a letter and digit identification task and extended oral discourse tasks requiring explanation skills, totaling 21 h of session data. Spanning a 2-year collection period, this dataset contains a longitudinal component with a subset of participants returning for repeat recordings.

Mechanisms of Copper Selectivity and Release by the Metallochaperone CusF: Insights from CO-Binding, Rapid-Freeze-Quench EXAFS, and Unnatural Amino Acid Substitution.

Metallochaperones are small proteins that shuttle essential metal ions such as Cu selectively to their cellular targets. CusF has unusual Cu(I) coordination, bound by two methionines, one histidine and a capping tryptophan residue, W44. Here we compare the CO binding reactivity of the wild type (WT) protein and its W44A, F, and M variants.

Exposure to mycotoxins from the consumption of corn-based breakfast cereals in the United Arab Emirates.

Corn-based breakfast cereals, known as cornflakes, have become a common breakfast choice worldwide, recognized for their convenience and versatility. However, mycotoxins can contaminate these products, adversely affecting human health. This study assessed the occurrence of major mycotoxins (AFB1, OTA, DON, ZEA, and FUM) in cornflake stock-keeping units (SKUs) marketed in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Diabetes and the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among older adults: an individual participant data analysis of five prospective studies.

Background: Guidelines and studies provide conflicting information on whether type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be considered a coronary heart disease risk (CHD) equivalent in older adults.

Methods: We synthesized participant-level data on 82,723 individuals aged ≥65 years from five prospective studies in two-stage meta-analyses. We estimated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of T2D (presence versus absence) on a primary composite outcome defined as cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality.