Can Large Language Models Aid Caregivers of Pediatric Cancer Patients in Information Seeking? A Cross-Sectional Investigation.

Purpose: Caregivers in pediatric oncology need accurate and understandable information about their child's condition, treatment, and side effects. This study assesses the performance of publicly accessible large language model (LLM)-supported tools in providing valuable and reliable information to caregivers of children with cancer.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the performance of the four LLM-supported tools-ChatGPT (GPT-4), Google Bard (Gemini Pro), Microsoft Bing Chat, and Google SGE-against a set of frequently asked questions (FAQs) derived from the Children's Oncology Group Family Handbook and expert input (In total, 26 FAQs and 104 generated responses).

Psychiatric Disorders and Associated Factors in Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation and Heart Transplant Candidates.

Introduction: End-stage heart failure (ESHF) remains a significant challenge despite optimal treatment, with heart transplantation (HTx) being the gold standard of care. Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices such as left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are increasingly used for temporary or permanent treatment. Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with ESHF and may affect treatment outcomes, but the relationship between sociodemographic, clinical, and psychiatric characteristics remains unclear.

Long-term outcomes of Türkiye's first population-based mammography screening program: a decade of breast cancer detection and survival analysis in Bahçeşehir.

Background: The Bahçeşehir population-based mammography screening program (BMSP) is an example of Türkiye's first population-based screening program. This study aims to reveal the successful implementation of population-based secreening program in one of the low- and middle-income countries, Türkiye and long-term results of patients diagnosed with breast cancer during BMSP.

Methods: This study was conducted between 2009 and 2019, in the Bahçeşehir county of Istanbul.

The long-term effect of social, educational, and health expenditures on indicators of life expectancy: an empirical analysis for the OECD countries.

Life expectancy provides insights into population health and the socio-economic development level of a country. However, there has been a significant gap in life expectancy between developed and underdeveloped countries, although these countries and international institutions have focused on reducing these inequalities. This article explores the long-term effects of social, educational, and health expenditures together with GDP on indicators of life expectancy in the OECD states over the period of 2005-2021 through second-generation cointegration analysis.

"Head-to-Toe" Lipid Properties Govern the Binding and Cargo Transfer of High-Density Lipoprotein.

The viscoelastic properties of biological membranes are crucial in controlling cellular functions and are determined primarily by the lipids' composition and structure. This work studies these properties by varying the structure of the constituting lipids in order to influence their interaction with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Various fluorescence-based techniques were applied to study lipid domains, membrane order, and the overall lateral as well as the molecule-internal glycerol region mobility in HDL-membrane interactions (i.

Pregnancy- and lactation-related bone fragility: The hidden risk.

Pregnancy and lactation significantly alter bone homeostasis, potentially leading to impaired bone quality and mineralization due to the increased metabolic demands of the developing offspring. While most women with osteopenia during these periods experience a return to baseline bone density after weaning, some may remain at risk for fractures, particularly in cancellous bone. There are inconsistencies in current reports on fracture risk and appropriate treatment strategies.

Potential impact of obstetric history on postmenopausal fragility fracture risk: A reassessment of the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of integrating obstetric parameters into the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) on the precision of risk assessment.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who experienced postmenopausal fragility fractures of the distal radius, proximal femur, or lumbar vertebrae between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2023, were included. Obstetric histories, along with standard FRAX parameters, were obtained by phone interviews.

Cell membranes sustain phospholipid imbalance via cholesterol asymmetry.

Membranes are molecular interfaces that compartmentalize cells to control the flow of nutrients and information. These functions are facilitated by diverse collections of lipids, nearly all of which are distributed asymmetrically between the two bilayer leaflets. Most models of biomembrane structure and function often include the implicit assumption that these leaflets have similar abundances of phospholipids.

Patient demographics and psychotropic medication prescribing in Australian general practices: pre- and during COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction Mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in the adult population significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the rates of prescribing psychotropic medications in adults during the COVID-19 period have not been well explored. Aim The aim of this study was to examine the association between demographic characteristics and rates of prescribing psychotropic medications to general practice patients during 2018-2022.

Association Between Body Mass Index and Survival in Patients with De Novo Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

BACKGROUND This retrospective study from a single center included 289 patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between 2010 to 2017 and aimed to evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) on overall survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study involved 289 patients diagnosed with metastatic-stage NSCLC at a single institution between January 2010 and December 2017. Patients were categorized into 2 groups based on their BMI at diagnosis: those with a BMI <25 kg/m² and those with a BMI ≥25 kg/m².

Radiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Stroke Patients with Covid-19: A Case-Control Study.

Intoduction: A severe infection such as COVID-19 may trigger a stroke. The imaging and clinical features of patients with COVID-19 are not well-defined. We aimed to analyze neuroimaging and clinical features of stroke patients with COVID-19.

Examining psychosocial vulnerability in caregivers of individuals with a chronic haematological malignancy: A cross sectional survey.

Purpose: To investigate psychosocial vulnerability in informal caregivers of chronic haematological cancer patients and determine the level of psychosocial vulnerability among carers of people living with a chronic haematological malignancy (CHM).

Methods: An international cross - sectional study including caregivers of individuals with a chronic haematological cancer (n = 64) from Ireland (n = 29), Australia (n = 21), the UK (n = 4), the USA (n = 4), and India (n = 6). Caregivers completed scales for loneliness, resilience, stress and caregiver strain using the UCLA Loneliness scale, Brief Resilience scale, Perceived Stress scale and Modified Caregiver Strain Index scale.

Targeting the PANoptosome Using Necrostatin-1 Reduces PANoptosis and Protects the Kidney Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model of Controlled Experimental Nonheart-Beating Donor.

Purpose: Reducing renal ischemia is crucial for the function and survival of grafts from nonheartbeat donors, as it leads to inflammatory responses and tubulointerstitial damage. The primary concern with organs from nonheartbeat donors is the long warm ischemia period and reperfusion injury following renal transplantation. This study had two main goals; one goal is to determine how Necrostatin-1 targeting the PANoptosome affects PANoptosis in the nonheart-beating donor rat model.

Turkish Society of Gastroenterology: Pancreas Working Group, Acute Pancreatitis Committee Consensus Report.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a clinical condition that arises acutely in the pancreas through various inflammatory pathways due to multiple causes. Turkish Society of Gastroenterology Pancreas Working Group developed comprehensive guidance statements regarding the management of AP that include its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, disease severity, treatment, prognosis, local and systemic complications. The statements were developed through literature review, deliberation, and consensus opinion.

Concomitant Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Metastatic Hormone-Positive Breast Cancer: A Real-World Cohort Study.

Introduction: Conflicting evidence exists regarding the concurrent use of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the treatment of breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether PPI use interferes with the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Methods: This retrospective, multicenter, real-world study included 205 patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.

Naltrexone blocks alcohol-induced effects on kappa-opioid receptors in the plasma membrane.

Naltrexone (NTX), a homolog of the opiate antidote naloxone, is an orally active long-acting general opioid receptor antagonist used in the treatment of opiate dependence. NTX is also found to relieve craving for alcohol and is one of few FDA-approved medications for treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). While it was early on established that NTX acts by blocking the binding of endogenous opioid peptide ligands released by alcohol, experimental evidence emerged that could not be fully accounted for by this explanation alone, suggesting that NTX may have additional modes of action.

Analysis of Cesarean Section Ratios by Robson Classification.

Background And Aim: Cesarean section (CS) is a delivery method, which is used to avoid the complications of vaginal delivery, maternal and neonatal morbidity, and mortality. It has become the most applied surgical procedure both in Türkiye, and globally. In 2013, Robson et al.

Economics and Equity of Large Language Models: Health Care Perspective.

Large language models (LLMs) continue to exhibit noteworthy capabilities across a spectrum of areas, including emerging proficiencies across the health care continuum. Successful LLM implementation and adoption depend on digital readiness, modern infrastructure, a trained workforce, privacy, and an ethical regulatory landscape. These factors can vary significantly across health care ecosystems, dictating the choice of a particular LLM implementation pathway.

SARS-CoV-2 outbreak management in nursing homes in Ireland: reflections of COVID-19 response teams from earlier to later waves of the pandemic.

Background: A review of key learnings from the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in nursing homes in Ireland can inform planning for future pandemics. This study describes barriers and facilitators contributing to COVID-19 outbreak management from the perspective of frontline teams.

Methods: A qualitative study involving ten online focus group meetings was conducted.

Asymptomatic Elevated Inflammatory Markers: Is There a Risk for Infection or Revision in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty?

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the treatment of choice for advanced knee osteoarthritis. Long-term studies report high patient satisfaction, while complications such as periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) can be devastating. Knowledge regarding risk factors for PJI is critical to minimize and ideally avoid complications.