Decreased HIV diversity after allogeneic stem cell transplantation of an HIV-1 infected patient: a case report.

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coreceptor use and viral evolution were analyzed in blood samples from an HIV-1 infected patient undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Coreceptor use was predicted in silico from sequence data obtained from the third variable loop region of the viral envelope gene with two software tools. Viral diversity and evolution was evaluated on the same samples by Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods.

Characterization of a chemokine receptor CCR5-negative T cell line and its use in determining human immunodeficiency virus type 1 phenotype.

A human CD4-positive T cell line from a donor homozygous negative for the chemokine receptor CCR5 was established, characterized, and used for determining the coreceptor usage of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates. Clones of this IL-2 dependent human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) immortalized cell line, named IsnoR5 clones 1 and 2, are susceptible to infection by HIV-1 isolates that use CXCR4 as a coreceptor but resistant to infection by CCR5 tropic HIV-1 viruses. HIV-1 isolates whose replication is inhibited in IsnoR5 cells in the presence of the bicyclam AMD 3100, a CXCR4 specific inhibitor, utilize a coreceptor distinct from CCR5 and CXCR4.