Parents in Neonatal Pain Management-An International Survey of Parent-Delivered Interventions and Parental Pain Assessment.

Background: While parent-delivered pain management has been demonstrated to effectively reduce neonatal procedural pain responses, little is known about to what extent it is utilized. Our aim was to explore the utilization of parents in neonatal pain management and investigate whether local guidelines promote parent-delivered interventions.

Methods: A web-based survey was distributed to neonatal units worldwide.

A comparative analysis of movement and physical activity in early childhood teacher education policy in five Nordic countries.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the integration of movement and physical activity (MoPA) within Early Childhood Teacher Education (ECTE) policies across Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. This knowledge can inform the development of ECTE policies and practices that promote MoPA in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) in Nordic countries and other countries worldwide.

Methods: In this study, a Nordic cross-national network of researchers collaborated in investigating policy documents at the national and university levels, which govern the education of ECEC teachers.

The long-term impact of COVID-19 on nursing: An e-panel discussion from the International Network for Child and Family Centred Care.

Aim: To explore the International Network for Child and Family Centred Care (INCFCC) members' experiences and views on the long-term impact of COVID-19 on the nursing workforce.

Background: On the 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. While some countries adopted a herd immunity approach, others imposed stricter measures to reduce the transmission of the virus.

Development of a prognostic model of COVID-19 severity: a population-based cohort study in Iceland.

Background: The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection varies from asymptomatic state to severe respiratory failure and the clinical course is difficult to predict. The aim of the study was to develop a prognostic model to predict the severity of COVID-19 in unvaccinated adults at the time of diagnosis.

Methods: All SARS-CoV-2-positive adults in Iceland were prospectively enrolled into a telehealth service at diagnosis.

Access to health care perceived by parents caring for their child at home supported by eHealth-a directed approach introducing aperture.

Background: In recent years a variety of eHealth solutions has been introduced to enhance efficiency and to empower patients, leading to a more accessible and equitable health care system. Within pediatric care eHealth has been advocated to reduce emergency and hospital outpatient visits, with many parents preferring eHealth to physical visits following the transition from hospital to home. Still, not many studies have focused on access from the parental perspective.

Movement and Physical Activity in Early Childhood Education and Care Policies of Five Nordic Countries.

The purpose of this study was to examine the values of movement and physical activity (MoPA) using government policy documents (e.g., laws and curricula) on early childhood education and care (ECEC) from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and COVID-19: a population-based cohort study.

Multiple myeloma (MM) patients have increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) when infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), the precursor of MM has been associated with immune dysfunction which may lead to severe COVID-19. No systematic data have been published on COVID-19 in individuals with MGUS.

Clinical spectrum of coronavirus disease 2019 in Iceland: population based cohort study.

Objective: To characterise the symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19).

Design: Population based cohort study.

Setting: Iceland.

Living with the Memories-Parents' Experiences of Their Newborn Child Undergoing Heart Surgery Abroad: A Qualitative Study.

Parents of children with a congenital heart defect needing complex heart surgery are at high risk of developing health problems. One can assume that parents whose child undergoes heart surgery abroad will undoubtably face added and unique stressors and health vulnerabilities. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the transition experiences of parents of children who underwent a complex heart surgery abroad as newborns 1-5 years ago.

Bullying, health complaints, and self-rated health among school-aged children and adolescents.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to examine whether health complaints and self-reported health were associated with bullying victimization in a large cohort of Icelandic children and adolescents.

Methods: In this study, we used data from a school-based cross-sectional survey, specifically, the Icelandic contribution to the international research network Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC). The study population included all students throughout Iceland in grades 6, 8, and 10 (mean age 13 years, standard deviation 1.

A systematic integrative review of parents' experience and perception of sleep when they stay overnight in the hospital together with their sick children.

Aims And Objectives: To elucidate knowledge available on parents' experience and perception of sleep when they stay overnight in hospital together with their sick children.

Background: In Nordic countries, children are entitled to have at least one parent with them during hospitalisation. Parents' sleep, when accommodated at the hospital during the child's admission, may be a challenge.

Bullying and Pain in School-Aged Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Bullying is defined as repeated and unwanted aggressive behavior involving a power imbalance and hurt children and adolescents' socioemotional functioning. The aim is to investigate associations between pain (headache, stomach pain, backache, and neck/shoulder pain) and bullying among school-aged children and adolescents. This cross-sectional school-based survey comes from the Icelandic data set in the international research network Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children.

Bullying, pain and analgesic use in school-age children.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine whether the self-reported use of analgesics is associated with being a victim of bullying.

Methods: This cross-sectional, school-based survey included all students in grades 6 (11 years old), 8 (13 years old) and 10 (15 years old) in Iceland (response rate: 84%; n = 11 018). The students filled out an anonymous standardised questionnaire: the Icelandic Contribution to the International Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study.

Sociodemographic and health status predictors of parental role strain: A general population study.

Numerous studies indicate that stressors associated with parenthood can adversely affect parental well-being and children's psychosocial development. The aim of the study was to analyze sociodemographic differences in parental role strain in the general parental population. : The study is based on a national postal survey of a random sample of 605 Icelandic mothers and fathers of children under 18.

Cultural adaptation and harmonization of four Nordic translations of the revised Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP-R).

Background: Preterm infants are especially vulnerable to pain. The intensive treatment often necessary for their survival unfortunately includes many painful interventions and procedures. Untreated pain can lead to both short- and long-term negative effects.

Cultural influences on parental responses to children's pain.

There is a scarcity of work examining the relationship between culture and pain-related caregiver behaviors. Moreover, no pediatric pain studies have examined the relationship between caregiver cultural values and pain-related caregiver behaviors nor discern if this process is mediated by caregiver parenting styles and moderated by ecosocial context. Based on cross-cultural developmental theories, this study hypothesized that ecosocial context would moderate the relationship between cultural values, parenting styles, and pain-related caregiver behaviors; and that parenting styles mediate the effect of cultural values on pain-related caregiver behaviors.

Postgraduate nurses' self-assessment of clinical competence and need for further training. A European cross-sectional survey.

Background: Nursing practice requires application of knowledge, skills and values in various combinations and has undergone substantial changes the last decades. An increased focus on inter-professional collaboration and possible new and more independent roles for nurses are described. A variety of programs have been developed in order to educate registered nurses (RN) to meet the changes and demands in health and nursing care throughout the world.

Bullying in School-aged Children in Iceland: A Cross-sectional Study.

Purpose: We describe the frequency and variations in bullying among a representative national sample of school-age children and examine whether sociodemographic characteristics are associated with bullying.

Design And Methods: This study is based on a cross-sectional school-based survey-the Icelandic contribution to the international research network Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC). The study population included all students in Iceland in grades 6, 8 and 10 (mean ages: 11, 13 and 15years, respectively) (participation rate: 84%; n=11,018).

Retinal oximetry measures systemic hypoxia in central nervous system vessels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Determination of the blood oxyhemoglobin saturation in the retinal vessels of the eye can be achieved through spectrophotometric retinal oximetry which provides access to the state of oxyhemoglobin saturation in the central nervous system circulation. The purpose of this study was to test the capability of the Oxymap T1 oximeter to detect systemic hypoxemia and the effect of supplemental oxygen on retinal vessel oxyhemoglobin saturation.

Methods: Oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in retinal arterioles and venules was measured in 11 subjects with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on long term oxygen therapy.

Venous oxygen saturation is reduced and variable in central retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To estimate the presence and variability of retinal hypoxia in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Method: Hemoglobin oxygen saturation was measured in retinal vessels of both eyes in 14 patients with unilateral CRVO. The noninvasive spectrophotometric retinal oximeter is based on a fundus camera and simultaneously captures two images at 570 nm and 600 nm wavelengths.

Randomized clinical trial of musical distraction with and without headphones for adolescents' immunization pain.

Distraction has shown to be a helpful pain intervention for children; however, few investigations have studied the effectiveness of this method with adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of an easy and practical musical distraction in reducing adolescents' immunization pain. Furthermore, to examine whether musical distraction techniques (with or without headphones) used influenced the pain outcome.