Genomes of Aegilops umbellulata provide new insights into unique structural variations and genetic diversity in the U-genome for wheat improvement.

Aegilops umbellulata serve as an important reservoir for novel biotic and abiotic stress tolerance for wheat improvement. However, chromosomal rearrangements and evolutionary trajectory of this species remain to be elucidated. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation into Ae.

Adjuvant Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin and Chemoradiation in Patients With Gallbladder Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: There is limited evidence with regard to the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy chemoradiotherapy in resected gallbladder cancers (GBCs).

Objective: To establish a baseline survival rate for operated GBCs in patients receiving either gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC) or capecitabine and capecitabine concurrent with chemoradiation (CCRT).

Design, Setting, And Participants: The GECCOR-GB study was a multicenter, open-label, randomized phase 2 noncomparator "pick the winner" design trial of adjuvant GC and CCRT in patients with resected histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma of the gallbladder, (stage II/III) with no local residual tumor (R0) or microscopic residual tumor (R1).

Stress adaptive plasticity from introgression lines improves drought and heat stress tolerance in bread wheat ( L.).

is a D-genome donor of hexaploid wheat and is a potential source of genes for various biotic and abiotic stresses including heat and drought. In the present study, we used multi-stage evaluation technique to understand the effects of heat and drought stresses on derived introgression lines (ILs). Preliminary evaluation (during stage-I) of 369 ILs for various agronomic traits identified 59 agronomically superior ILs.

Translation and Pilot Validation of Hindi, Marathi, and Bangla Translation of Quality-of-Life EORTC Radiation Proctitis Module (PRT-20) for Routine Clinical Use.

Rahul Krishnatry The aim of this study was to translate and validate the European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer (EORTC) "Radiation Proctitis" (PRT-20) module in Hindi, Marathi, and Bangla languages. The EORTC PRT-20 was translated into Hindi, Marathi, and Bangla using EORTC guidelines. Two separate translators first translated the original questionnaire into the three regional languages, following which a reconciled forward translation was compiled.

Deciphering the genetic landscape of seedling drought stress tolerance in wheat ( L.) through genome-wide association studies.

Wheat is an important cereal crop constrained by several biotic and abiotic stresses including drought stress. Understating the effect of drought stress and the genetic basis of stress tolerance is important to develop drought resilient, high-yielding wheat cultivars. In this study, we investigated the effects of drought stress on seedling characteristics in an association panel consisting of 198 germplasm lines.

Fashion meets science: how advanced breeding approaches could revolutionize the textile industry.

Natural fibers have garnered considerable attention owing to their desirable textile properties and advantageous effects on human health. Nevertheless, natural fibers lag behind synthetic fibers in terms of both quality and yield, as these attributes are largely genetically determined. In this article, a comprehensive overview of the natural and synthetic fiber production landscape over the last 10 years is presented, with a particular focus on the role of scientific breeding techniques in improving fiber quality traits in key crops like cotton, hemp, ramie, and flax.

Tata Memorial Centre Evidence Based Management of Colorectal cancer.

This review article examines the evidence-based management of colorectal cancers, focusing on topics characterized by ongoing debates and evolving evidence. To contribute to the scientific discourse, we intentionally exclude subjects with established guidelines, concentrating instead on areas where the current understanding is dynamic. Our analysis encompasses a thorough exploration of critical themes, including the evidence surrounding complete mesocolic excision and D3 lymphadenectomy in colon cancers.

Translation and pilot validation of Hindi, Marathi, and Bangla translation of quality of life EORTC module (QLQ-SH-22) for assessing sexual health-related quality of life.

Aim: To translate and validate the European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer (EORTC) module for assessing the sexual health-related quality of life in cancer patients (QLQ-SH22), in Hindi, Marathi, and Bangla languages for clinical use.

Methods And Results: The EORTC QLQ-SH-22 was translated into Hindi, Marathi, and Bangla by adopting standard guidelines given by EORTC. Initially, the original questionnaire was forward translated by two separate translators, followed by the reconciliation of the forward translations by a third person.

Risk of serious skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders for nimesulide among the pediatric population: a jeopardy identified through the analysis of global individual case safety reports.

Background: The safety reports arising currently on nimesulide are divulging the jeopardy of skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (SSTDs).

Research Design And Methods: The global individual case safety reports on nimesulide-induced SSTDs available at VigiBase® were analyzed up to 31 March 2023. Disproportionality analyses viz.

Mucocutaneous findings among children in the pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary care center: A prospective observational study from South India.

Background/objectives: Children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) can present with a variety of skin lesions and the need for dermatology consultation is increasing. Dermatoses in the PICU can be primary or secondary to treatment or underlying systemic illness. Our objective was to study the frequency, pattern, and systemic associations of mucocutaneous findings among children in the PICU.

Application of potassium nitrate and salicylic acid improves grain yield and related traits by delaying leaf senescence in carrying advanced wheat genotypes.

Grain protein content (GPC) is an important quality trait that effectively modulates end-use quality and nutritional characteristics of wheat flour-based food products. The gene is responsible for the higher protein content in wheat grain. In addition to higher GPC, the is also generally associated with reduced grain filling period which eventually causes the yield penalty in wheat.

Annual trends of hepatitis C virus infection in Manitoba between 1998 and 2018: A focus on special populations.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidemiological data of HCV infection in the Canadian province of Manitoba are limited.

Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted using data from the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy repository.

Genome-wide association study unravels genomic regions associated with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different sowing conditions.

Genome-wide association study identified 205 significant marker-trait associations for chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in wheat. Candidate gene mining, in silico expression, and promoter analyses revealed the potential candidate genes associated with the studied parameters. The present study investigated the effect of varied sowing conditions (viz.

Meta-analysis of the quantitative trait loci associated with agronomic traits, fertility restoration, disease resistance, and seed quality traits in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.).

A meta-analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), associated with agronomic traits, fertility restoration, disease resistance, and seed quality traits was conducted for the first time in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.). Data on 498 QTLs was collected from 9 linkage mapping studies (involving 21 biparental populations).

A Prospective Multi-centric Study of Acceptance, Insertion and Follow-Up of Postpartum Insertions of IUCD.

Purpose Of The Study: The unmet need for contraception in the postpartum period is a major challenge in our country. Unintended pregnancies are highest in the first year after birth, and postpartum IUCD insertion is an effective way to counter this problem. This study was planned to build up data for acceptance and follow-up of postpartum IUCD insertions.

Strategies for accelerating genetic gains in crop plants: special focus on speed breeding.

Feeding 10 billion people sustainably by 2050 in the era of slow genetic progress has spurred urgent calls to bring more crops per unit time. Over the last century, crop physiologists and breeders have been trying to alter plant biology to investigate and intervene in developmental processes under controlled chambers. Accelerating the breeding cycle via "speed breeding" was the outcome of these experiments.

Unlocking the hidden variation from wild repository for accelerating genetic gain in legumes.

The fluctuating climates, rising human population, and deteriorating arable lands necessitate sustainable crops to fulfil global food requirements. In the countryside, legumes with intriguing but enigmatic nitrogen-fixing abilities and thriving in harsh climatic conditions promise future food security. However, breaking the yield plateau and achieving higher genetic gain are the unsolved problems of legume improvement.

Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis in people living with HIV.

Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for tuberculosis (TB) in people with HIV (PWH).

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A thorough literature search was performed using PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar from their inception to June 30, 2021.

Impact of immobilisation and image guidance protocol on planning target volume margins for supine craniospinal irradiation.

Background: The setup errors during supine-CSI (sCSI) using single or dual immobilisation (SM, DM) subsets from two institutions were reviewed to determine if DM consistently decreased the required planning target volumes (PTV) margins and to identify the optimal image guidance environments.

Materials And Methods: Ours and a sister institutional cohort, each with a subset of SM or DM sCSI and daily 3-dimensional online image verification sets, were reviewed for the cranial and spinal regions translational shifts. Using descriptive statistics, scatter plots and independent sample Mann-Whitney test we compared shifts in each direction for two subsets in each cohort deriving PTV margins (Van Herk: VH, Strooms: St recipes) for the cranial and spinal regions.

2Gs and plant architecture: breaking grain yield ceiling through breeding approaches for next wave of revolution in rice ( L.).

Rice is a principal food crop for more than half of the global population. Grain number and grain weight (2Gs) are the two complex traits controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and are considered the most critical components for yield enhancement in rice. Novel molecular biology and QTL mapping strategies can be utilized in dissecting the complex genetic architecture of these traits.

Consensus genomic regions associated with multiple abiotic stress tolerance in wheat and implications for wheat breeding.

In wheat, a meta-analysis was performed using previously identified QTLs associated with drought stress (DS), heat stress (HS), salinity stress (SS), water-logging stress (WS), pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), and aluminium stress (AS) which predicted a total of 134 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) that involved at least 28 consistent and stable MQTLs conferring tolerance to five or all six abiotic stresses under study. Seventy-six MQTLs out of the 132 physically anchored MQTLs were also verified with genome-wide association studies. Around 43% of MQTLs had genetic and physical confidence intervals of less than 1 cM and 5 Mb, respectively.

Potential Overtreatment and Overtesting Among Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Across Canada: An Observational, Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Our aim in this study was to assess potential overtreatment and overtesting among older adults with type 2 diabetes across Canada.

Methods: An observational, population-based cohort study was conducted using data available through the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network. All patients included in the study were seen by a primary care provider between 2010 and 2017, ≥65 years of age with type 2 diabetes and had at least one glycated hemoglobin (A1C) measurement.

Efficacy and safety of saroglitazar for the management of dyslipidemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies.

Background And Objective: Saroglitazar is a newer antidiabetic agent approved to manage dyslipidemia. The objective is tevaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of saroglitazar in patients with dyslipidemia.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar from the inception until January 2022.

Evaluation of Consumers Perspective on the Consumption of Antibiotics, Antibiotic Resistance, and Recommendations to Improve the Rational use of Antibiotics: An Exploratory Qualitative Study From Post-Conflicted Region of Pakistan.

Antibiotics misuse is a global challenge, and the situation is likely to deteriorate in conflict zones with insufficient health services. The misuse of antibiotics is not only associated with antimicrobial resistance but may also lead to serious consequences. This study was aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practices on antibiotic consumption, antibiotic resistance (ABR), and related suggestions among residents of conflicted zones in Pakistan.