Intensification of Dry Reforming of Methane on Membrane Catalyst: Confirmation and Development of the Hypothesis.

This article presents an analysis of kinetic studies of dry methane reforming (DRM) in a reactor with a membrane catalyst (RMC) in the modes of a contactor with "diffusion" and "forced" mass transfer. Comparison of the specific rate constants of the methane dissociation reaction in membrane and traditional reactors confirmed the phenomenon of intensification of dry methane reforming in a membrane catalyst (MC). It has been experimentally established that during DRM, a temperature gradient arises in the channels of the pore structure of the membrane catalyst, characterized by a decrease in temperature towards the inner volume of the MC, and initiates the phenomenon of thermal slip.

Usefulness of endobronchial stenting for nonmalignant right middle lobe syndrome.

We report herein a case of nonmalignant middle lobe atelectasis of the right lung resulting in significant stenosis of the airway. The new short self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) were used to perform temporary stenting and expansion of the right middle lobe airway. SEMS have been used to treat airway obstructions in the trachea, as well as the right and left carina, but few studies have looked at placing SEMS at the level of the bronchi, especially right middle lobe bronchus.

Transport Reagents through the Pore Structure of a Membrane Catalyst under Isothermal and Non-Isothermal Conditions.

The article presents the results of an experimental comparison of methane transport in the pore structure of a membrane catalyst under isothermal and non-isothermal Knudsen diffusion conditions. It is shown that under the conditions of non-isothermal Knudsen diffusion in the pore structure of the membrane catalyst, there is a coupling of dry reforming of the methane (DRM) and gas transport, which leads to the intensification of this process. The reasons for the intensification are changes in the mechanism of gas transport, an increase in the rate of mass transfer, and changes in the mechanism of some stages of the DRM.

Inkjet Printing of Plate Acoustic Wave Devices.

In the paper, the results of production of Ag inkjet printed interdigital transducers to the acoustic delay line based on Y-cut X-propagation direction of lithium niobate plate for the frequency range from 1 to 14 MHz are presented. Additionally, morphological, structural, and electro-physical characteristics of the obtained electrodes were investigated. Mathematical modeling of the excitation of acoustic waves by these electrode structures was carried out.

Viable Nematodes from Late Pleistocene Permafrost of the Kolyma River Lowland.

We have obtained the first data demonstrating the capability of multicellular organisms for longterm cryobiosis in permafrost deposits of the Arctic. The viable soil nematodes Panagrolaimus aff. detritophagus (Rhabditida) and Plectus aff.

Super high sensitive plate acoustic wave humidity sensor based on graphene oxide film.

The changes of density and elastic modules due to water vapor adsorption are measured for graphene oxide film at room temperature. Dominant mechanism for acoustic wave humidity sensing by the film is shown to be related with variation of its electric conductivity. Basing on the data, super high sensitive humidity sensor employing high-order Lamb wave with large coupling constant, standard lithium niobate plate, and graphene oxide sorbent film is developed.

DNA analysis of a 30,000-year-old Urocitellus glacialis from northeastern Siberia reveals phylogenetic relationships between ancient and present-day arctic ground squirrels.

In contrast to the abundant fossil record of arctic ground squirrels, Urocitellus parryii, from eastern Beringia, only a limited number of fossils is known from its western part. In 1946, unnamed GULAG prisoners discovered a nest with three mummified carcasses of arctic ground squirrels in the permafrost sediments of the El'ga river, Yakutia, Russia, that were later attributed to a new species, Citellus (Urocitellus) glacialis Vinogr. To verify this assignment and to explore phylogenetic relationships between ancient and present-day arctic ground squirrels, we performed C dating and ancient DNA analyses of one of the El'ga mummies and four contemporaneous fossils from Duvanny Yar, northeastern Yakutia.

Minimally invasive repair of fenestrated atrial septal aneurysm.

Background: Atrial septal aneurysms (ASAs) are uncommon but are associated with significant embolic morbidity when an interatrial communication is present. Although surgical reconstruction has traditionally been approached through a median sternotomy, minimally invasive techniques may be employed to reduce pain and recovery time.

Methods: We present a video-assisted technique via right inframammary minithoracotomy utilizing peripheral cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass.

Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost.

Whole, fertile plants of Silene stenophylla Ledeb. (Caryophyllaceae) have been uniquely regenerated from maternal, immature fruit tissue of Late Pleistocene age using in vitro tissue culture and clonal micropropagation. The fruits were excavated in northeastern Siberia from fossil squirrel burrows buried at a depth of 38 m in undisturbed and never thawed Late Pleistocene permafrost sediments with a temperature of -7 °C.

[Microbial communities of ancient seeds derived from permanently frozen Pleistocene deposits].

Microbial communities from the surface of ancient seeds of higher plants and embedding frozen material dated to the late Pleistocene (formed about 30 thousand years ago) were studied by various methods: scanning electron microscopy, epifluorescence microscopy, and inoculation of nutrient media, followed by identification of isolated cultures. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms were found on the surface of ancient seeds. The total quantity of bacterial cells determined by direct counting and dilution plating (CFU) for the samples of ancient seeds exceeded the value in the embedding frozen material by one to two orders of magnitude.

[The possible contribution of late pleistocene biota to biodiversity in present permafrost zone].

During the last decade a wide range of biological objects, which have preserved their viability for tens and hundreds of thousands of years, was found in the samples of permafrost sediments from North-East Eurasia. Among them are bacteria, fungi, algae, moss spores, seeds of higher plants, protists. Along with physiological mechanisms of cryoconservation and constant low temperature of great importance for long-term preservation of biological objects in permafrost layers are ways of burying the organisms and conditions that prevail before the transition of sediments to the permafrost state.

STM study of morphology and electron transport features in cytochrome c and nanocluster molecule monolayers.

The morphology and electron tunneling through single cytochrome c and nanocluster Pt(5)(CO)(7)[P(C(6)H(5))](4) molecules organized as monolayer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films on graphite substrate have been studied experimentally using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy techniques with sub-nanometer spatial resolution in a double barrier tunnel junction configuration STM tip-monomolecular film-conducting substrate at ambient conditions. STM images of the films revealed globular structures with characteristic diameters (approximately 3.5 nm for the protein molecule and approximately 1.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and the norepinephrine spillover response to dynamic exercise.

To determine whether prejunctional angiotensin II receptors facilitate norepinephrine (NE) release during exercise, normal volunteers exercised at approximately 25 or approximately 65% of maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) on two occasions. Steady-state NE kinetics were determined at rest and during exercise by using infusions of [3H]NE. Arterial plasma NE and [3H]NE were determined for calculation of NE spillover and clearance.

Prejunctional angiotensin II receptors. Facilitation of norepinephrine release in the human forearm.

To determine if peripheral angiotensin II (Ang II) prejunctional receptors facilitating NE release exist in humans, we used [3H]NE kinetic methodology to measure forearm NE spillover during intrabrachial arterial Ang II infusions in eight normal male subjects. We used the following protocol to optimize conditions for demonstrating these receptors: (a) lower body negative pressure (-15 mmHg) to increase sympathetic nerve activity to skeletal muscle; and (b) intraarterial nitroprusside to maintain a high constant forearm blood flow (approximately 10 ml/min.100 ml) to maximize the proportion of neuronally released NE that spills over into the circulation.

Effects of exercise intensity and duration on norepinephrine spillover and clearance in humans.

During dynamic exercise, blood flow to exercising muscle is closely matched to metabolic demands. This is made possible by metabolic vasodilation, vasoconstriction in inactive vascular beds, and a rise in cardiac output. The sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in regulating this exercise response.

Non-invasive assessment of ventricular damage in rats with myocardial infarction.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate whether two dimensional echocardiographic/Doppler (echo/Doppler) techniques could be used to detect left ventricular damage rapidly, accurately, and non-invasively in rats with a myocardial infarction.

Methods: Female Wistar rats were initially subjected to either a sham operation or surgery to induce a myocardial infarct by ligating the left main coronary artery. Following a minimum of six weeks to recover from the surgery, all rats were re-anaesthetised and cardiac and stroke indexes were determined at similar heart rates, using echo/Doppler techniques.

The effects of phenylephrine on right ventricular performance in patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension causes right ventricular ischemia and failure as a result of increased afterload combined with reduced coronary blood flow. Increasing coronary driving pressure by raising aortic pressure with phenylephrine has been shown to reverse right ventricular ischemia from pulmonary hypertension in animals. Since vasodilators often fail to reduce afterload, we tested whether raising the coronary driving pressure would improve right ventricular function in man.

Graded exercise testing.

The graded exercise test can be used for both diagnosis and functional assessment. Indications for diagnostic testing include pain, palpitation, elevated systemic blood pressure and potential problem. Functional testing is performed to determine prognosis, progression of cardiac disease, post-therapy status and physical fitness.