[The use of enzymes in treating patients with malignant lymphoma with a large tumor mass].

Systemic enzymes (wobenzime and wobe-mugos) were approved, that had been prescribed as part of polychemotherapy to 24 patients with malignant lymphomas, who presented with large masses of lymphatic nodes poorly resorbable against the background of polychemotherapy and who were assigned for a high-total dose irradiation, which fact would undoubtedly entail sclerosing of adjacent intact tissues. The use of the enzymes made for the optimum realization of the polychemotherapy effect and permitted avoiding a good many of undesirable side events and complication thereof. The above systemic enzymes are well tolerated by patients; they induce no significant changes in the cellular composition or in blood biochemical indices.

[The use of propes in the combined treatment of malignant lymphomas].

Results are submitted of use of propes during different phases of treatment in 36 patients with malignant lymphomas. The above drug is associated with no complications or side effects, inhibits the development of the tumor process. The employment of propes permits enhancing both natural resistance of the organism and its killer activity.

[Modulation of lipid peroxidation by biogenic amines in model systems].

Specific effects of serotonin, histamine, noradrenaline and tyramine on the rate of lipid peroxidation were studied in model systems by means of measurement of malonic dialdehyde and Schiff base concentration as well as of kinetics of O2 consumption. Alterations in the lipid peroxidation rate in the presence of biogenic amines occurred dissimilarly depending on localization of oxidation substrates either in bilayer membranes or in micellar solution. The antioxidative effect of serotonin was the most pronounced as a result of its ability to react with lipid peroxidation radicals.

[Structural changes in the DNA of the blood nucleotides and the development of late sequelae in irradiated rats].

Fluorescent analysis of structural changes of nucleotide in the blood associated with AT fragments has been studied in rats, gamma-irradiated with doses of 2 and 4 Gy. It was demonstrated that the haematological, gerontological and cancerogenic late consequences were preceded by the structural genomic disturbances determined by 30 day after irradiation.

[Familial cases of lymphogranulomatosis].

Among patients with Hodgkin's disease 30 cases of the family disease were revealed during 1972-1988. The occurrence of family pairs of patients with Hodgkin's disease suggests a heritable anomaly or inheritance of a gene predisposing for this disease. In cases of contacts with second degree relatives and children from a single family, one cannot exclude a role of environmental factors and a concurrent transfer of the infectious factor.

[The modifying effect of a hypoxic gas mixture on the development of radiation-induced sclerosis].

Female mice (CBA X C57 Bl) F1 were exposed a single total-body gamma-irradiation with a dose efficiency of 6.5 Gy/min with doses of 2.5-7.

[A nontraditional variant for the irradiation of locally disseminated forms of lymphogranulomatosis].

The authors describe immediate results of treatment of 29 patients with lymphogranulomatosis characterized by location above the diaphragm and large volume of tumour masses. Treatment included irradiation against the background of synchronization of cell cycles of the tumour cells and use of metothrexate and folic acid that allowed to reduce early and remote complications of radiation therapy due to reduction of the total radiation doses.

[Indirect endolymphatic chemotherapy of patients with lymphoma].

Treated were 103 patients with malignant lymphomas (lymphogranulomatosis--87; non-Hodgkin lymphomas--16 patients). The treatment was complex including chemotherapy by means of endolymphatic administration of cyclophosphane, prospidin, methotrexate). The technique may be widely used and may be associated with other treatment methods.

[Influence of ultrafractionation on the effect of whole body uniform irradiation with protons of 1000 MeV energy].

In experiments with rats a study was made of the radiobiological influence of a pulse frequency (45.9 and 4.5 c-1) of a 1000 MeV proton beam.

[Changes in the spleen structure during treatment of patients with generalized Hodgkin's disease].

Data obtained from 35 autopsies and morphological examination of the irradiated and non-irradiated spleen are analyzed. Morphological changes in the spleen as a result of radiation are described. Curability of Hodgkin's disease foci is established to be possible in the spleen irradiated with the dose of 35-40 Gy.

[Protective effect of total gaseous hypoxia on the development of remote pathology of the lungs in rats exposed to a one-time local irradiation].

A comparative study was conducted on the development of a remote radiation pathology in rat lungs after single local irradiation with doses of 10, 14.3 and 20 Gy in the air, and 14.3 and 20 Gy in a gas hypoxic mixture containing 10 per cent of oxygen.

[Effect of total gaseous hypoxia on the frequency of occurrence and types of neoplasms in irradiated animals].

The study of neoplasm patterns and frequency in F1(CBAxC57BL) mice totally exposed to a single dose of gamma-radiation (2.5-5.5 Gy) under gaseous hypoxia conditions established a sharp drop in the incidence of mammary gland cancer as compared with a similar experiment conducted in air.

[Effect of ascorbic acid on the development of a spontaneous lymphoproliferative process in SJL/J-strain mice].

Ascorbic acid (AA) effects on the development of lymphoproliferative process according to the type of a reticular variant of Hodgkin's disease have been investigated in SJL/J mice. An oral AA injection in a 0.05% aqueous solution for 6-8 months (0.

[Evaluation of the radioprotective effect of total gaseous hypoxia based on the criteria of delayed radiation damage].

Breathing with gas mixture containing 6-8% of oxygen during whole-body and large-field irradiation of mice diminishes the radiation-induced life-span shortening (DMF = 2.2) and decreases the degree of canescence (DMF = 1.5), the frequency and severity of nephro- and cardiosclerosis (DMF = 1.

[Basis for the use of enclosed 125I sources for interstitial radiation therapy].

Experimental models of closed sources of 125I low energy photon radiation in the titanium capsules sealed by means of pulsed laser welding were designed. Doses in the tissue equivalent medium from a single 125I point source were calculated using ES-1022 computer, tables for calculating dose fields in different layouts of sources were drawn, and layout parameters in preset doses calculated. Using the 125I source in interstitial irradiation of murine breast tumors one managed to establish the local nature of tissues corresponding to the calculated dose distribution for photon radiation with the energy of 27-35 keV.

[Prognostic significance of the lung lesions in lymphogranulomatosis].

Clinical, roentgenological and morphological data on 301 followed-up cases of Hodgkin's disease were analysed. The lung was involved in 99 patients (32.9%).

[Effect of the time interval in preoperative irradiation on the pathomorphosis of esophageal cancer].

The study was concerned with morphologic examination of resected esophagi from patients operated on for esophageal cancer at various intervals after radiotherapy with a total dose of 40-50 Gy. A correlation was established between the level of tumor destruction and duration of the interval between the said procedures of treatment. The results of the study suggest that the above interval should be as short as possible.

[Effect of bleomycetin on the proliferative activity of bone marrow and lymph node cells in SJL/J mice].

Dynamics of dose and time dependence of bleomycin action on bone marrow and lymph node cells of SJL/J mice has shown that 6 h after administration of 25 micrograms of bleomycin the proliferative activity is 1.5 times reduced. The antibiotic influences the interphase cells and delays a cellular cycle.

[Combined treatment of cancer of the middle third of the esophagus].

The results of combined treatment of carcinoma of the mid-third of the esophagus are discussed. Optimal radiation dose appeared to be 30-40 Gy. Surgery should be performed not later than three weeks after termination of radiation treatment.