Proteomic characterization of Opisthorchis felineus exosome-like vesicles and their uptake by human cholangiocytes.

The epidemiologically important food-borne trematode Opisthorchis felineus infests the liver biliary tract of fish-eating mammals and causes disorders, including bile duct neoplasia. Many parasitic species release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that mediate host-parasite interaction. Currently, there is no information on O.

Glioblastoma gene network reconstruction and ontology analysis by online bioinformatics tools.

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive type of brain tumors resistant to a number of antitumor drugs. The problem of therapy and drug treatment course is complicated by extremely high heterogeneity in the benign cell populations, the random arrangement of tumor cells, and polymorphism of their nuclei. The pathogenesis of gliomas needs to be studied using modern cellular technologies, genome- and transcriptome-wide technologies of high-throughput sequencing, analysis of gene expression on microarrays, and methods of modern bioinformatics to find new therapy targets.

Biodistribution of B in Glioma Orthotopic Xenograft Mouse Model after Injection of L-para-Boronophenylalanine and Sodium Borocaptate.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the ability of the boron-10 (B) isotope to capture epithermal neutrons, as a result of which the isotope becomes unstable and decays into kinetically active elements that destroy cells where the nuclear reaction has occurred. The boron-carrying compounds-L-para-boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (BSH)-have low toxicity and, today, are the only representatives of such compounds approved for clinical trials. For the effectiveness and safety of BNCT, a low boron content in normal tissues and substantially higher content in tumor tissue are required.

Effects of prolonged subchronic benzo(α)pyrene exposure on rat liver morphology and CYP1A expression during treatment with menadione, quercetin, or tocopherol.

Arylamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hazardous anthropogenic pollutants in the environment. The toxicity of PAHs, which include benzo(α)pyrene (BP), is mediated by the activation of Р450 cytochromes of the 1А subfamily (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2). Previously, we have demonstrated that tocopherol, quercetin, and menadione inhibit the expression and activity of CYP1A in the liver of male Wistar rats after administration of a high BP dose to the rats for 3 days.

Complete Genome Sequences of Two Newcastle Disease Virus Strains Isolated from a Wild Duck and a Pigeon in Russia.

Here, we report the complete genome sequences of two Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates, Adygea/duck/12/2008, from a wild duck in Russia, and Altai/pigeon/777/2010, from a pigeon in Russia. Based on comparative sequence analysis of the F gene, these strains were classified as NDV class II, genotypes VIId and VIb/2, respectively.

Characterization of avian paramyxovirus type 6 isolated from a Eurasian teal in the intersection of migratory flyways in Russia.

The complete genome sequence was determined for avian paramyxovirus (APMV-6) serotype 6 strain teal/Chany/455/2009, isolated from a teal (Anas crecca) in Siberia. Siberia is crossed by four major migration flyways and represents the major breeding area for many wild bird species in the Palearctic. Strain teal/Chany/455/2009 is genetically closely related to Kazakh and Chinese strains and belongs to the genetic group of duck/Hong Kong/18/199/77-like APMV-6 viruses.

[Possibilities of boron neutron capture therapy in the treatment of malignant brain tumors].

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) that is of the highest attractiveness due to its selective action directly on malignant tumor cells is a promising approach to treating cancers. Clinical interest in BNCT focuses in neuro-oncology on therapy for gliomas, glioblastoma in particular, and BNCT may be used in brain metastatic involvement. This needs an epithermal neutron source that complies with the requirements for BNCT, as well as a 10B-containing agent that will selectively accumulate in tumor tissue.

[The use of piribedil in early and late stages of Parkinson's disease].

In this article, we present clinical cases at an early stage of Parkinson's disease with mild affective and cognitive disorders, and at a later stage with motor fluctuations and levodopa-induced dyskinesia. The efficacy of dopamine receptor agonists in treatment of Parkinson's disease in the early and late stages is illustrated by the example of piribedil.

Combined SANS and SAXS study of the action of ultrasound on the structure of amorphous zirconia gels.

In the present work, we have studied for the first time the combined effect of both sonication and precipitation pH on the structure of amorphous zirconia gels synthesized from zirconium(IV) propoxide. The techniques of small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS and SAXS) and low temperature nitrogen adsorption provided the integral data on the changes in the microstructure and mesostructure of these materials caused by ultrasonic (US) treatment. Amorphous ZrO2·xH2O synthesized under ultrasonic treatment was found to possess a very structured surface, characterized by the surface fractal dimension 2.

[Oncolytic viruses in the therapy of gliomas].

Despite the advances of modern medicine, malignant glioblastoma cure remains an elusive goal. Both the invasive nature and location in vital areas of the brain make this type of tumors difficult for surgical treatment, while the current adjuvant therapy is not as successful as expected. Frequent recurrence and invasiveness of malignant gliomas is due to resistance of glioma stem cells to conventional radiation and chemotherapy.

[Oncolytic properties of some orthopoxviruses, adenoviruses and parvoviruses in human glioma cells].

Unlabelled: Currently one of the most promising approaches in development of cancer virotherapy is based on the ability of oncolytic viruses to selective infection and lysis of tumor cells.

Aim: The goal of the study was to identify and evaluate perspective oncolytic viruses capable of selectively destroying human glioma cells.

Patients And Methods: Original GB2m, GA14m and GB22m glioma cell cultures derived from patients were used for evaluating in vitro oncolytic activity of some typical orthopoxviruses, adenoviruses and parvoviruses.

The TCF4/β-catenin pathway and chromatin structure cooperate to regulate D-glucuronyl C5-epimerase expression in breast cancer.

D-glucuronyl C5-epimerase (GLCE) is a potential tumor-suppressor gene involved in heparan sulfate biosynthesis. GLCE expression is significantly decreased in breast tumors; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the possible epigenetic mechanisms for GLCE inactivation in breast cancer.

In vitro histogenesis of human embryonic stem cells into retina components.

We developed a protocol of in vitro differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into three-dimensional structures histologically and molecularly similar to the developing retina.

Effect of epithermal neutrons on viability of glioblastoma tumor cells in vitro.

We studied in vitro effect of epithermal neutrons in various doses on viability of glioblastoma U87 tumor cells. Increasing the dose from 1.9 to 4.

[Serotoninergic mediator system in the pathogenesis and treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsy].

Psychoemotional status and blood serotonin level were investigated in 69 patients with different forms of idiopathic epilepsy during the seizures and interictal period. Twenty-two patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, 22 patients with absence forms and 22 patients with generalized convulsive seizures, aged 10-47 years, were included in the study. We found the significant decrease in blood serotonin levels during the interictal period, with the lower levels seen after generalized convulsive and myoclonic seizures.

A GFP trap study uncovers the functions of Gilgamesh protein kinase in Drosophila melanogaster spermatogenesis.

The function of the gene gilgamesh (89B9-12) encoding a casein kinase in Drosophila spermatogenesis was studied. The chimeric Gilgamesh-GFP protein in spermatocytes is cortically located. In the polar and apolar spermatocytes, it concentrates at the terminal ends of the fusome, the organelle that passes through the system of ring canals of the spermatocyte cyst.

[The role of Gilgamesh protein kinase in Drosophila melanogaster spermatogenesis].

The cellular function of the gilgamesh mutation (89B9-12) of casein kinase gene in Drosophila spermatogenesis was studied. It was demonstrated that the sterility resulting from this mutation is connected with the abnormalities in spermatid individualization. A phylogenetic study of the protein sequences of casein kinases 1 from various organisms was conducted.

[Dynamics of the annulate lamellae in Drosophila syncytial embryos].

In eukaryotic cells, mitotic events are controlled by evolutionarily conserved cyclin-dependent kinases (cdk): these kinases phosphorylate cell proteins, which causes structural reorganization of the entire cell. Our recent studies of Drosophila syncytial embryos have demonstrated that cdk1 activity is a key factor that controls nuclear pore complex assembly/disassembly and affects the structure of cytoplasmic pores in the annulate. In this paper, we report a comparative analysis of these cytoplasmic organelles throughout the cell-cycle and throughout the development of Drosophila syncytial embryos.

The role of Drosophila Merlin in spermatogenesis.

Background: Drosophila Merlin, the homolog of the human Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) gene, is important for the regulation of cell proliferation and receptor endocytosis. Male flies carrying a Mer3 allele, a missense mutation (Met177-->Ile) in the Merlin gene, are viable but sterile; however, the cause of sterility is unknown.

Results: Testis examination reveals that hemizygous Mer3 mutant males have small seminal vesicles that contain only a few immotile sperm.

[Structural organization and function of nuclear envelope].

Higher-eukaryotic membrane compartmentalization of different processes provides the control of functional activity in cells. The nuclear envelope that consists of outer and inner nuclear membranes, lamina, and nuclear pore complexes is one of the most significant and complex cell compartments. It separates DNA replication and transcription in the nucleus from RNA translation in the cytoplasm and regulates the nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of different molecules.

[Structural organization, functions and dynamics of nuclear pores].

This review summarized data on the morphological and biochemical analysis of nuclear pore complexes, which are complex organelles providing the route of passive and active nuclear-cytoplasmic transport to different molecules in the eukaryotic cell. The morphology and functional role of nuclear pores in higher and lower eukaryotes, and molecular aspects of the import and export of molecules from the nucleus are described in addition to factors involved in the regulation of these process. Special attention has been paid to sequential steps of the nuclear pore assembly in vitro and in vivo.

[Structural organization and possible functional role of annulate lamellae containing cytoplasmic pores].

This review is devoted to annulate lamellae, a specific compartment of endoplasmic reticulum that occurs, presumably, in actively growing and rapidly dividing cells (oocytes, embryonic and tumor cells). We summarized both earlier and recent data on the dustribution of annulate lamellae in various cell types, on their morphology, and the distribution of interaction with intracellular structures at various treatments. As the annulate lamellae contain cytoplasmic pore complexes, a special attention was paid to their relation with nuclear pores.

Cdk1 and okadaic acid-sensitive phosphatases control assembly of nuclear pore complexes in Drosophila embryos.

Disassembly and reassembly of the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) is one of the major events during open mitosis in higher eukaryotes. However, how this process is controlled by the mitotic machinery is not clear. To investigate this we developed a novel in vivo model system based on syncytial Drosophila embryos.