A pair of dopamine neurons mediate chronic stress signals to induce learning deficit in .

Chronic stress could induce severe cognitive impairments. Despite extensive investigations in mammalian models, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we show that chronic stress could induce dramatic learning and memory deficits in The chronic stress-induced learning deficit (CSLD) is long lasting and associated with other depression-like behaviors.

Noninvasive circulating tumor cell and urine cellular (rs2228001, A2815C) and (rs25487, G1196A) polymorphism detection as an effective screening panel for genitourinary system cancers.

Background: Valid cancer screening and treatment monitoring are critical for cancer patients. Although genitourinary system cancers have a high recurrence rate, when diagnosed, patients undergo surgery promptly. We sought to explore sensitive and noninvasive screening and postoperative recurrence monitoring methods, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or tumor susceptibility gene detection, to determine their appropriateness for genitourinary system cancers.