Association of retinal age gap with chronic kidney disease and subsequent cardiovascular disease sequelae: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study from the UK Biobank.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is more prevalent in older adults. Retinal age gap, a biomarker of aging based on fundus images, has been previously developed and validated. This study aimed to investigate the association of retinal age gap with CKD and subsequent CVD complications.

Development and validation of a simple and practical model for early detection of diabetic macular edema in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using easily accessible systemic variables.

Objective: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of visual impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The goal of early detection has not yet achieved due to a lack of fast and convenient methods. Therefore, we aim to develop and validate a prediction model to identify DME in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using easily accessible systemic variables, which can be applied to an ophthalmologist-independent scenario.

Evaluation of the Observational Associations and Shared Genetics Between Glaucoma With Depression and Anxiety.

Purpose: Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness worldwide, is suspected to exhibit a notable association with psychological disturbances. This study aimed to investigate epidemiological associations and explore shared genetic architecture between glaucoma and mental traits, including depression and anxiety.

Methods: Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to investigate longitudinal associations based on UK Biobank.

Difference of central foveal thickness measurement in patients with macular edema using optical coherence tomography in different display modes.

Purpose: To assess the differences in the measurement of central foveal thickness (CFT) in patients with macular edema (ME) between two display modes (1:1 pixel and 1:1 micron) on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Design: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Methods: Group A consisted of participants with well-horizontal OCT B-scan images and group B consisted of participants with tilted OCT B-scan.

Alterations of outer retinal reflectivity in diabetic patients without clinically detectable retinopathy.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate alterations of outer retinal reflectivity on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diabetic patients without clinically detectable retinopathy (NDR).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 64 NDR patients and 71 controls were included. Relative reflectivity (RR) of the ellipsoid zone (EZ), photoreceptor outer segment (OS) and inner segment (IS), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) at the foveola and at 500 μm, 1000 μm, and 2000 μm nasal (N), temporal (T), superior (S), and inferior (I) to the foveola was measured by cross-line OCT and ImageJ.

Determinants of incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events among individuals with type 2 diabetic microvascular complications in the UK: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the association of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors with incident ASCVD events among type 2 diabetes (T2D) individuals with microvascular complications.

Methods: We included T2D participants with only microvascular complications from the UK Biobank cohort at baseline (2006-2010). Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to study the association between ASCVD risk factors with adjudicated incident ASCVD in T2D participants with only microvascular complications.

EBD: an eye biomarker database.

Motivation: Many ophthalmic disease biomarkers have been identified through comprehensive multiomics profiling, and hold significant potential in advancing the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of diseases. Meanwhile, the eye itself serves as a natural biomarker for several systemic diseases including neurological, renal, and cardiovascular systems. We aimed to collect and standardize this eye biomarkers information and construct the eye biomarker database (EBD) to provide ophthalmologists with a platform to search, analyze, and download these eye biomarker data.

Corrigendum: Risk factors of falls in elderly patients with visual impairment.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.

Associations of vision impairment and eye diseases with frailty in community-dwelling older adults: a nationwide longitudinal study in China.

Aims: To test whether vision impairment and major ophthalmic conditions are predictive of frailty.

Methods: The analysis included 5321 participants aged 60-95 years at baseline from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Participants were enrolled in 2011 and followed up in 2013, and 2015 through a face-to-face interview.

Measurement of Foveal Retinal Thickness in Myopic Patients Using Different Display Modes on Optical Coherence Tomography: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: The aim of this work is to investigate the differences in the measurement of foveal retinal thickness in myopic patients between two display modes (1:1 pixel and 1:1 micron) on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Horizontal OCT line scan through the central fovea was used for manual measurement of foveal retinal thickness under the two display modes, and the values were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Correlations between the OCT image tilting angle (OCT ITA) and differences in OCT measurement were analyzed by Spearman's test.

Association of hyperopia with incident clinically significant depression: epidemiological and genetic evidence in the middle-aged and older population.

Aims: To investigate the association between hyperopia and clinically significant depression (CSD) in middle-aged and older individuals. The effect of genetic determinants of hyperopia on incident CSD was also explored.

Methods: We included participants who had available data on mean spherical equivalent (MSE) and were free of depression at baseline from the UK Biobank.

Association of Visual Health With Depressive Symptoms and Brain Imaging Phenotypes Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Importance: Vision loss and depression are common conditions with major health implications. However, mechanisms of the association of visual health (across the full acuity spectrum) with depression remain unclear.

Objective: To characterize the association between visual health and depression and investigate the association between depression and brain microstructure and macrostructure in subgroups divided by visual acuity.

Shared genetic architecture between the two neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma.

Background: Considered as the representatives of neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and glaucoma are complex progressive neuropathies affected by both genetic and environmental risk factors and cause irreversible damages. Current research indicates that there are common features between AD and glaucoma in terms of epidemiology and pathophysiology. However, the understandings and explanations of their comorbidity and potential genetic overlaps are still limited and insufficient.

Risk factors of falls in elderly patients with visual impairment.

Objective: To examine the risk factors for falls in elderly patients with visual impairment (VI) and assess the predictive performance of these factors.

Methods: Between January 2019 and March 2021, a total of 251 elderly patients aged 65-92 years with VI were enrolled and then prospectively followed up for 12 months to evaluate outcomes of accidental falls telephone interviews. Information of demographics and lifestyle, gait and balance deficits, and ophthalmic and systemic conditions were collected during baseline visits.

Retinal Neurovascular Changes in Patients With Ischemic Stroke Investigated by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Background: To investigate retinal neurovascular structural changes in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Materials And Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, China, consisting of 159 eyes from IS patients and 109 eyes from age-matched control subjects. Retinal microvascular parameters including the vessel density (VD) of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC), and neural parameters such as ganglion cell complex thickness (GCCt) and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLt) were measured by OCTA.

Effect of High Myopia and Cataract Surgery on the Correlation Between Diabetic Retinopathy and Chronic Kidney Disease.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of high myopia and cataract surgery on the grading of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and their roles in the correlation between DR and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: A total of 1,063 eyes of 1,063 diabetic patients were enrolled. We conducted binary and multiple multivariate regressions to analyze the ocular and systemic risk factors of DR.

The Distribution Pattern of Ocular Residual Astigmatism in Chinese Myopic Patients.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the distribution of ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) and its associations with age, gender, manifest refraction, and other ocular indicators in Chinese patients with myopia.

Design: This is a multi-center retrospective cross-sectional study.

Method: The study included 7,893 patients with myopia (7,893 eyes) aged 18-40 years from five ophthalmic centers.

A Multicenter Study of the Distribution Pattern of Posterior-To-Anterior Corneal Curvature Radii Ratio in Chinese Myopic Patients.

Estimation of corneal refractive power (CRP) is of crucial importance to refractive and cataract surgery. The ratio of posterior to anterior curvature radii of the cornea (P/A ratio) is one of the key factors to determine the actual CRP (True-K). While the traditional method to calculate the CRP (Sim-K) is based on a constant P/A ratio (0.

Distribution of White-to-White Corneal Diameter and Anterior Chamber Depth in Chinese Myopic Patients.

To investigate the distribution of white-to-white (WTW) corneal diameter and anterior chamber depth (ACD) in Chinese myopia patients. This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at five ophthalmic centers. Anterior segment biometry was performed in 7,893 eyes of the 7,893 myopic patients using Pentacam, and the WTW and ACD were recorded.

Retinal Neurovascular Impairment in Non-diabetic and Non-dialytic Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Widespread neural and microvascular injuries are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD), increasing risks of neurovascular complications and mortality. Early detection of such changes helps assess the risks of neurovascular complications for CKD patients. As an extension of central nervous system, the retina provides a characteristic window to observe neurovascular alterations in CKD.

Correlations Between Different Angiogenic and Inflammatory Factors in Vitreous Fluid of Eyes With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

To investigate the expression of various angiogenesis and inflammation mediators in the vitreous fluid of eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). A total of 38 eyes with PDR and 37 control eyes were included. Vitreous fluid was collected during vitrectomy.

Reduced Retinal Microvascular Perfusion in Patients With Stroke Detected by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Currently there is a shortage of biomarkers for stroke, one of the leading causes of death and disability in aging populations. Retinal vessels offer a unique and accessible "window" to study the microvasculature . However, the relationship between the retinal microvasculature and stroke is not entirely clear.