Hyperacute rejection-engineered oncolytic virus for interventional clinical trial in refractory cancer patients.

Recently, oncolytic virus (OV) therapy has shown great promise in treating malignancies. However, intravenous safety and inherent lack of immunity are two significant limitations in clinical practice. Herein, we successfully developed a recombinant Newcastle disease virus with porcine α1,3GT gene (NDV-GT) triggering hyperacute rejection.

V-doped MoS nanozymes providing reactive oxygen species and depleting glutathione for photothermally-enhanced nanocatalytic therapy.

The tumor microenvironment and multidrug resistance of tumor cells seriously impair the activity of the nanozymes. Herein, a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified vanadium-doped molybdenum disulfide (V-MoS@PEG) nanozymes were constructed to enhance anti-tumor activity through multi-enzymatic catalysis and photothermal effect with simultaneous reactive oxygen species replenishment and glutathione depletion. V-MoS@PEG nanosheets exerted peroxidase activity by causing molybdenum ion (Mo) to react with hydrogen peroxide to form toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH).

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide-Erastin-Polyethylene Glycol Nanotherapeutic Platform: A Ferroptosis-Based Approach for the Integrated Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Cancer.

Erastin can induce ferroptosis in tumor cells as an effective small molecule inhibitor. However, its application is hampered by a lack of water solubility. This study investigated the effects of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-erastin-polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanoparticles prepared by loading SPIO-PEG nanoparticles with erastin on ferroptosis.

Precision USPIO-PEG-SLe Nanotheranostic Agent Targeted Photothermal Therapy for Enhanced Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy to Treat Immunotherapy Resistance.

Background: The anti-Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (termed aPD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade therapy has emerged as a promising treatment approach for various advanced solid tumors. However, the effect of aPD-L1 inhibitors limited by the tumor microenvironment makes most patients exhibit immunotherapy resistance.

Methods: We conjugated the Sialyl Lewis X with a polyethylene glycol-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO-PEG) to form UPS nanoparticles (USPIO-PEG-SLe, termed UPS).

Chinese expert consensus on imaging diagnosis of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the major infectious diseases in the world with a high incidence rate. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a key and difficult challenge in the prevention and treatment of TB. Early, rapid, and accurate diagnosis of DR-TB is essential for selecting appropriate and personalized treatment and is an important means of reducing disease transmission and mortality.

Targeted Delivery of Active Sites by Oxygen Vacancy-Engineered Bimetal Silicate Nanozymes for Intratumoral Aggregation-Potentiated Catalytic Therapy.

Biodegradable silicate nanoconstructs have aroused tremendous interest in cancer therapeutics due to their variable framework composition and versatile functions. Nevertheless, low intratumoral retention still limits their practical application. In this study, oxygen vacancy (OV)-enriched bimetallic silicate nanozymes with Fe-Ca dual active sites via modification of oxidized sodium alginate and gallic acid (GA) loading (OFeCa-V@GA) were developed for targeted aggregation-potentiated therapy.

Regional lymph node density-based nomogram predicts prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients without distant metastases.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a relatively common type of cancer in Southern China, with local recurrence or distant metastases even after radical treatment; consequently, it is critical to identify the patients at higher risk for these events beforehand. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of regional lymph node density (RLND) associated nomograms in NPC and to evaluate the utility of nomograms in risk stratification.

Methods: A total of 610 NPC patients without distant metastases (425 in the training and 185 in the validation cohort) were enrolled.

A Clinical-Radiomics Nomogram Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Predicting Progression-Free Survival After Induction Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: This paper aimed to establish and verify a radiomics model based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting the progression-free survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after induction chemotherapy (IC).

Materials And Methods: This cohort consists of 288 patients with clinical pathologically confirmed NPC, which was collected from January 2015 to December 2018. All NPC patients were randomly divided into two cohorts: training (n=202) and validation (n=86).

MRI-based random survival Forest model improves prediction of progression-free survival to induction chemotherapy plus concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locoregionally Advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: The present study aimed to explore the application value of random survival forest (RSF) model and Cox model in predicting the progression-free survival (PFS) among patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC) after induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (IC + CCRT).

Methods: Eligible LANPC patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan before treatment were subjected to radiomics feature extraction. Radiomics and clinical features of patients in the training cohort were subjected to RSF analysis to predict PFS and were tested in the testing cohort.

A functional liver imaging score for preoperative prediction of liver failure after hepatocellular carcinoma resection.

Objectives: Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a challenging complication after resection to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and it is associated with high mortality. Preoperative prediction of PHLF may improve patient subsequent and reduce such mortality. This study examined whether a functional liver imaging score (FLIS) based on preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could predict PHLF.

Polyethylene glycol-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-coupled sialyl Lewis X nanotheranostic platform for nasopharyngeal carcinoma imaging and photothermal therapy.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of head and neck malignant tumor with a high incidence in specific regional distribution, and its traditional therapies face some challenges. It has become an urgent need to seek new therapeutic strategies without or with low toxicity and side effects. At present, more and more researchers has been attracting attention by nanotheranostic platform.

Peritumoral edema in preoperative magnetic resonance imaging is an independent prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Peritumoral edema is an independent prognostic risk factor for malignant tumors. Therefore, assessment of peritumoral edema in preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may provide better prognostic information in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Aim: To determine whether peritumoral edema in preoperative MRI is a prognostic factor for HCC.

Preoperative normalized iodine concentration derived from spectral CT is correlated with early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection.

Objectives: To investigate whether normalized iodine concentration (NIC) correlates with tumor microvessel density and early recurrence in patients with HCC.

Materials And Methods: We included 71 patients with surgically resected single HCC in this prospective study who underwent preoperative spectral CT between November 2014 and June 2016. Two observers independently measured the NIC in the arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PVP).

Ultrasmall superparamagnetic nanoparticles targeting E-selectin: synthesis and effects in mice in vitro and in vivo.

We developed a contrast agent for targeting E-selectin expression. We detected the agent using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo in nude mice that had undergone nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis. Sialyl Lewis X (sLe) was conjugated with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles.

Changes in Apparent Diffusion Coefficient as Surrogate Marker for Changes in Ki-67 Index Due to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate possible correlation between changes in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and Ki-67 index as a result of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with invasive breast cancer.

Methods And Materials: Between February 2016 and October 2017, 87 patients with breast cancer underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (b = 0 and 800 sec/mm) before and after NAC. ADC and tumor diameter before and after NAC were compared to the Ki-67 index determined from biopsy or surgical specimens.

Diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for local and skull base recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.

Tumor recurrence is a major cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment failure. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is used for a variety of cancers, but few data are available for NPC.The aim of the study was to investigate the DWI features of recurrent NPC after radiotherapy and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) thresholds for the diagnosis of recurrent NPC.

Value of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Combined with Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Parotid Gland Lesions.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in combination with susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) for differentiating benign parotid gland lesions from malignant ones. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of our hospital. A total of 36 patients (26 benign cases and 10 malignant cases) were confirmed by surgical pathology.

Identification of endothelial selectin as a potential prognostic marker in breast cancer.

Endothelial selectin ( or ) has been previously reported as being associated with the prognosis of multiple types of cancer. However, its prognostic value in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of mRNA expression in BC tissue.

Non-enhanced MRI in combination with color Doppler flow imaging for improving diagnostic accuracy of parotid gland lesions.

Purpose: To determine the value of non-enhanced MRI in combination with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) for differentiating malignant parotid tumors from benign ones.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 51 parotid gland lesions (39 benign and 12 malignant) in 51 patients who underwent preoperative CDFI as well as non-enhanced MRI including T-weighted, T-weighted, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Degrees of intratumor vascularity were categorized into four grades basing on CDFI findings.