Publications by authors named "Guanhua Yu"

Background: Liver metastasis (LM) is of vital importance in making treatment-related decisions in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of our study was to develop and validate prediction models for LM in CRC by making use of machine learning.

Methods: We selected patients diagnosed with CRC from 2010 to 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

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Article Synopsis
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in regulating the immune system by suppressing immune responses but can also promote cancer progression by inhibiting effector T cells (Teffs).
  • The review discusses the biology of Tregs, including their origins, classification, and the various mechanisms through which they suppress antitumor immunity and influence cancer progression.
  • It also explores the implications of Tregs in immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, including their dual role in cancer treatments and the potential for developing therapies that modify Treg function to enhance ICB effectiveness.
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Background: More accurate prediction of distant metastases (DM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) would optimize individualized treatment and follow-up strategies. Multiple prediction models based on machine learning have been developed to assess the likelihood of developing DM.

Methods: Clinicopathological features of patients with CRC were obtained from the National Cancer Center (NCC, China) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

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Objectives: Adjuvant chemotherapy benefits in elderly patients with stage II colon cancer (CC) remain controversial. We aimed to construct a nomogram to estimate the chemotherapy survival benefits in elderly patients.

Methods: The training and testing cohort were patients with stage II CC older than 70 years from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, while the external validation cohort included patients from the National Cancer Center (NCC).

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Purpose: Numerous indicators can be used to predict tumor patients' prognosis and tumor regression grade (TRG). The role of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) among individuals with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) hasn't been studied, nevertheless. This study aims to explore the predictive value of the NLR before nCRT (pre-NLR) in TRG and prognosis of LARC patients undergoing nCRT.

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The level of HClO/ClO in mitochondria is essential to keep the normal function of mitochondria. Therefore, it is meaningful to accurately and quickly monitor ClO in mitochondria. In this work, a new triphenylamine-based fluorescence probe PDTPA was designed and synthesized, in which pyridinium salt and dicyano-vinyl group were introduced as mitochondria targeting site and reaction site for ClO.

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Article Synopsis
  • Peroxynitrite (ONOO) is common in living organisms and plays a role in various health issues, making it important to create effective detection tools for it.* -
  • A new fluorescent probe called B-Ch was developed using a technique called intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), which enhances its ability to detect ONOO effectively by changing a chemical group.* -
  • This probe displays clear color and fluorescence changes upon reacting with ONOO, highlighting its advantages, such as visual detection, high selectivity, low sensitivity threshold (22.4 nM), and suitability for cellular imaging.*
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There is an urgent need to develop highly sensitive and selective fluorescence probes for ONOO in mitochondria. Herein, we reported a ratiometric fluorescent probe COUS with coumarin-cyanine hybrid as fluorophore and C = C bonds as reaction sites of ONOO. The probe COUS was sensitive and selective to ONOO, and had a large fluorescence emission shift (239 nm) as well as a low detection limit (41.

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Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are a complex group of contaminants to deal with in sewage sludge, as currently there is a lack of robust analytical methods to measure them and management strategies to remove them. To facilitate quantifications of the occurrence of OPFRs in sludge and to establish their removal efficiencies (REs%) during thermal treatments, a simple, reliable, and rapid sample preparation methodology was developed for the determination of 21 OPFRs in diverse sludge, ash and biochar matrices. Matrix-solid phase dispersion (MSPD) tailored to ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was applied.

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Background: Many biomarkers have predictive value for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in tumor patients. However, the role of indirect bilirubin (IBIL) in local advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) has not been studied.

Aim: To explore the predictive value of IBIL before nCRT (pre-IBIL) for the OS and DFS of LARC patients treated with nCRT.

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Background: Radiation therapy (RT) is a standard treatment for the local control of primary pelvic cancers (PPC), yet the risk of second corpus uteri cancer (SCUC) in PPC patients undergoing RT is still controversial. This study investigated the impact of RT on the risk of SCUC and assessed the survival outcome.

Methods: We queried nine cancer registries for PPC cases in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

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Background: Radiation therapy (RT) is a crucial modality for the local control of pelvic cancer (PC), but the effect of pelvic RT on the development of secondary malignancy is still unclear. This study aimed to identify the relationship between radiation therapy received for the treatment of primary PC and subsequent secondary bladder cancer (SBC).

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (from 1975 to 2015) was queried for PC.

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Compared with raw rectorite microplatelets (RMs), rectorite nanosheets (RNs) have considerably greater application prospects in the preparation of advanced composite materials because of their larger aspect ratio, higher surface reactivity, and intrinsically superior mechanical and physical properties. However, the difficulty in the efficient preparation of RNs significantly limits their large-scale applications. Here, a scalable poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-assisted stirring approach is developed to prepare ultrathin RNs from the abundant natural RMs.

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Several epidemiological studies have identified diabetes as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The potential pathophysiological mechanisms of this association include hyperinsulinemia, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, hyperglycemia, inflammation induced by adipose tissue dysfunction, gastrointestinal motility disorder, and impaired immunological surveillance. Several studies have shown that underlying diabetes adversely affects the prognosis of patients with CRC.

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Colon cancer (CC) remains one of the most common malignancies with a poor prognosis. Pyroptosis, referred to as cellular inflammatory necrosis, is thought to influence tumor development. However, the potential effects of pyroptosis-related regulators (PRRs) on the CC immune microenvironment remain unknown.

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Defects in synaptic development and plasticity may lead to autism. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. BDNF is synthesized as a precursor, pro-BDNF, which can be processed into either a truncated form or into mature BDNF.

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A kind of novel natural polysaccharide (sodium alginate) porogen was developed to prepare a 3D biodegradable tissue-engineering scaffold. The sodium alginate particles were prepared by emulsification and subsequent ionic gelation. The size and morphology of the alginate particles was simply controlled by the stirring rate and the concentration of the cross-linking agent.

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A novel cholesterol-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactic acid) copolymer (CPEG-PLA) has been synthesized as a potential surface additive for promoting osteoblast attachment and proliferation. The gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) results indicated the product had expected structure with low polydispersities in the range of 1.1-1.

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Brain atrophy, neurologic and psychiatric (NP) manifestations are common complications in the systemic autoimmune disease, lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we show that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from autoimmune MRL-lpr mice and a deceased NP-SLE patient reduce the viability of brain cells which proliferate in vitro. This detrimental effect was accompanied by periventricular neurodegeneration in the brains of autoimmune mice and profound in vivo neurotoxicity when their CSF was administered to the CNS of a rat.

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The poly(D,L-lactic acid)-block-(ligand-tethered poly(ethylene glycol)) copolymer was explored to engineer poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PLA) material to promote chondrocyte attachment and growth. The poly(D,L-lactic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer (PLE) was synthesized by a coupling reaction between PLA and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (M(n) 1000, 2000, and 4000 respectively), with the use of 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). Then the PLE was activated by methyl sulfonyl chloride and the amino acids or arginine-glycine-aspartic acid tripeptide (RGD) was attached, which was verified by the ninhydrin-UV method.

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Amphiphilic coupling-polymer of stearyl poly (ethylene oxide)-co-4, 4'-methylendiphenyl diisocyanate-co-stearyl poly(ethylene oxide), MSPEO, was specially designed as surface-modifying additives. The blends of MSPEO in both polyether urethane (PEU) and chitosan(Chi), as the coating materials for intravascular device were investigated. Two kinds of static clotting time tests, plasma recalcification time (PRT) and prothrombin time(PT), as well as the static platelet adhesion experiment were carried out.

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Nerve growth factor (NGF) promotes neuronal survival and differentiation and stimulates neurite outgrowth. NGF is synthesized as a precursor, proNGF, which undergoes post-translational processing to generate mature beta-NGF. It has been assumed that, in vivo, NGF is largely processed into the mature form and that mature NGF accounts for the biological activity.

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Nerve growth factor (NGF) acts on various classes of central and peripheral neurons to promote cell survival, stimulate neurite outgrowth and modulate differentiation. NGF is synthesized as a precursor, proNGF, which undergoes processing to generate mature NGF. It has been assumed, based on studies in the mouse submandibular gland, that NGF in vivo is largely mature NGF, and that mature NGF accounts for the molecule's biological activity.

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Nerve growth factor (NGF) influences neuronal development, function, and response to injury. Using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we find that mouse and rat cortex and spinal cord, and both neurons and glia in culture, express NGF mRNA. In the mouse, NGF is regulated by at least two promoters that govern synthesis of four different transcripts, A through D, that are all expressed in the mouse tissues and cells examined.

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) supports hippocampal, cortical and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, which lose function in Alzheimer's disease. In Alzheimer's tissues such as hippocampus and parietal cortex, brain- derived neurotrophic factor mRNA is decreased three- to four-fold compared with controls. However, the molecular mechanism of the down-regulation of BDNF in Alzheimer's disease is unknown.

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