Deep Learning for Additive Screening in Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Additive engineering with organic molecules is of critical importance for achieving high-performance perovskite optoelectronic devices. However, experimentally finding suitable additives is costly and time consuming, while conventional machine learning (ML) is difficult to predict accurately due to the limited experimental data available in this relatively new field. Here, we demonstrate a deep learning method that can predict the effectiveness of additives in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with a high accuracy up to 96 % by using a small dataset of 132 molecules.

Layer-by-layer self-assembly xylenol orange functionalized CdSe/CdS quantum dots as a turn-on fluorescence lead ion sensor.

A new turn-on fluorescence sensor based on xylenol orange (XO) functionalized CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) is developed for the determination of lead ion. CdSe/CdS QDs were first modified by mercaptoacetic acid (MAA). The MAA-modified QDs were then capped with the natural biopolymer chitosan and the negatively charged XO.

Removal of ammonia nitrogen from wastewater using an aerobic cathode microbial fuel cell.

A new system for removing ammonia nitrogen was developed, which integrated a microbial fuel cell (MFC) with an aerobic bioreactor. A three-chamber reactor consisted of an anode chamber, a middle chamber and a cathode chamber. The chambers were separated by an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane (CEM), respectively.

Dithizone functionalized CdSe/CdS quantum dots as turn-on fluorescent probe for ultrasensitive detection of lead ion.

An ultrasensitive fluorescent probe is developed for the determination of lead ion by utilizing dithizone (Dz) functionalized CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs). Dithizone was bound to the QDs via a surface coordinating reaction to form QDs-Dz conjugates and quench fluorescence of the QDs by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism. Upon the addition of Pb(2+), a dramatic enhancement of the fluorescence intensity was observed, which resulted from the FRET pathway shutting off, and hence the fluorescence of the QDs was recovered.

DNAzyme-based turn-on chemiluminescence assays in homogenous media.

In this work, novel biosensing systems were developed for DNAzyme-based assays in homogenous aqueous media. The two halves of a horseradish peroxidase mimicking DNAzyme were assembled onto different gold nanoparticle surfaces through hybridization with corresponding linking DNA sequences. In the analyses, the target molecules were recognized by the linking DNA.

Diethyldithiocarbamate functionalized CdSe/CdS quantum dots as a fluorescent probe for copper ion detection.

A new fluorescent probe for copper ion detection is reported that it is based on the quenching of the fluorescence of the diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC)-functionalized quantum dots (QDs) in the presence of copper ions. DDTC was bound to the QDs via the surface ligand exchange to form DDTC-QDs conjugates following the capping of 2-mercaptoacetic acid on the core-shell CdSe/CdS QDs. It was found that the fluorescence intensity of the conjugates was quenched after coordinated with Cu(2+).

Electricity generation in a membrane-less microbial fuel cell with down-flow feeding onto the cathode.

A novel membrane-less microbial fuel cell (MFC) with down-flow feeding was constructed to generate electricity. Wastewater was fed directly onto the cathode which was horizontally installed in the upper part of the MFC. Oxygen could be utilized readily from the air.

Gas-phase chemiluminescence with ozone oxidation for the determination of total tin in environmental samples using flow injection hydride generation and cryotrapping.

The gas-phase chemiluminescence detection system based on the ozonization of gaseous hydride was exploited and utilized for the determination of total tin in environmental samples. After sample treatment, tin was reduced to stannane by sodium borohydride in a phosphate buffer medium of pH 5.8.

Determination of antimony in environment samples by gas phase chemiluminescence detection following flow injection hydride generation and cryotrapping.

A novel method for the determination of antimony in environmental samples was developed with gas phase chemiluminescence detection following flow injection hydride generation and cryotrapping. The stibine, generated from samples by borohydride reduction of antimony using flow injection technique, was separated by using a new gas-liquid separator, dried with an ice-salt cryogenic bath and concentrated in a glass U-tube immersed in liquid nitrogen. Re-vaporization of stibine based on its boiling point was achieved by allowing the tube to warm at room temperature.

A novel CdSe/CdS quantum dot-based competitive fluoroimmunoassay for the detection of clenbuterol residue in pig urine using magnetic core/shell Fe3O4/Au nanoparticles as a solid carrier.

Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor fluorescent nanoparticles, which can be used for food safety or environmental monitoring with high sensitivity. This work demonstrates the feasibility of detecting clenuterol residue in pig urine using CdSe/CdS quantum dots as fluorescent labels based magnetic core/shell Fe3O4/Au nanoparticles (MCFN) as solid carriers. The detection of clenbuterol is carried out by a fluoroimmunoassay-based biosensor using competitive binding between conjugated clenbuterol antigen-CdSe/CdS QDs and free clenbuterol with immobilized clenbuterol antibodies on MCFN.

Spectrophotometric determination of triclosan in personal care products.

A spectrophotometric method for the determination of triclosan in personal care products was proposed. It was based on the reaction of sodium nitrite with p-sulfanilic acid in an acidic medium to form diazonium ion, with which triclosan further formed an azo compound in an alkaline medium. The resulting yellow colored product has a maximum absorption at 452 nm.

Determination of formaldehyde in foodstuffs by flow injection spectrophotometry using phloroglucinol as chromogenic agent.

A spectrophotometric method for the determination of formaldehyde in foodstuffs was described by using phloroglucinol as the chromogenic agent. The reaction between formaldehyde and phloroglucinol could occur rapidly at room temperature under mild conditions. The spectrophotometric measurements were conducted at 474nm of an unstable intermediate orange product of the reaction, which greatly increased the sample throughput.

Determination of trace amounts of lead, arsenic, nickel and cobalt in high-purity iron oxide pigment by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry after iron matrix removal with extractant-contained resin.

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was applied to the determination of lead, arsenic, nickel and cobalt in high-purity iron oxide pigment. Samples were dissolved with hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The digest was passed through a column, which was packed with a polymer resin containing a neutral organophosphorus extractant, tri-n-butylphosphate.

[Rapid analysis of mercury in sediments by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry].

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for the rapid analysis of mercury in sediment samples. The ground samples were simply briquetted prior to laser ablation. The effects of internal standardization, particle size and elemental speciation on the analytical performance were investigated.