Risk analysis of noise-induced hearing loss of workers in the automobile manufacturing industries based on back-propagation neural network model: a cross-sectional study in Han Chinese population.

Objectives: This study aims to predict the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) through a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model. It provides an early, simple and accurate prediction method for NIHL.

Design: Population based, a cross sectional study.

Room-temperature quantum optomechanics using an ultralow noise cavity.

At room temperature, mechanical motion driven by the quantum backaction of light has been observed only in pioneering experiments in which an optical restoring force controls the oscillator stiffness. For solid-state mechanical resonators in which oscillations are controlled by the material rigidity, the observation of these effects has been hindered by low mechanical quality factors, optical cavity frequency fluctuations, thermal intermodulation noise and photothermal instabilities. Here we overcome these challenges with a phononic-engineered membrane-in-the-middle system.

Free-electron interaction with nonlinear optical states in microresonators.

The short de Broglie wavelength and strong interaction empower free electrons to probe structures and excitations in materials and biomolecules. Recently, electron-photon interactions have enabled new optical manipulation schemes for electron beams. In this work, we demonstrate the interaction of electrons with nonlinear optical states inside a photonic chip-based microresonator.

Ultrafast tunable lasers using lithium niobate integrated photonics.

Early works and recent advances in thin-film lithium niobate (LiNbO) on insulator have enabled low-loss photonic integrated circuits, modulators with improved half-wave voltage, electro-optic frequency combs and on-chip electro-optic devices, with applications ranging from microwave photonics to microwave-to-optical quantum interfaces. Although recent advances have demonstrated tunable integrated lasers based on LiNbO (refs. ), the full potential of this platform to demonstrate frequency-agile, narrow-linewidth integrated lasers has not been achieved.

Planted XY model: Thermodynamics and inference.

In this paper we study a fully connected planted spin glass named the planted XY model. Motivation for studying this system comes both from the spin glass field and the one of statistical inference where it models the angular synchronization problem. We derive the replica symmetric (RS) phase diagram in the temperature, ferromagnetic bias plane using the approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm and its state evolution (SE).

Cavity-mediated electron-photon pairs.

Quantum information, communication, and sensing rely on the generation and control of quantum correlations in complementary degrees of freedom. Free electrons coupled to photonics promise novel hybrid quantum technologies, although single-particle correlations and entanglement have yet to be shown. In this work, we demonstrate the preparation of electron-photon pair states using the phase-matched interaction of free electrons with the evanescent vacuum field of a photonic chip-based optical microresonator.

Probing material absorption and optical nonlinearity of integrated photonic materials.

Optical microresonators with high quality (Q) factors are essential to a wide range of integrated photonic devices. Steady efforts have been directed towards increasing microresonator Q factors across a variety of platforms. With success in reducing microfabrication process-related optical loss as a limitation of Q, the ultimate attainable Q, as determined solely by the constituent microresonator material absorption, has come into focus.

Integrated photonics enables continuous-beam electron phase modulation.

Integrated photonics facilitates extensive control over fundamental light-matter interactions in manifold quantum systems including atoms, trapped ions, quantum dots and defect centres. Ultrafast electron microscopy has recently made free-electron beams the subject of laser-based quantum manipulation and characterization, enabling the observation of free-electron quantum walks, attosecond electron pulses and holographic electromagnetic imaging. Chip-based photonics promises unique applications in nanoscale quantum control and sensing but remains to be realized in electron microscopy.

High-yield, wafer-scale fabrication of ultralow-loss, dispersion-engineered silicon nitride photonic circuits.

Low-loss photonic integrated circuits and microresonators have enabled a wide range of applications, such as narrow-linewidth lasers and chip-scale frequency combs. To translate these into a widespread technology, attaining ultralow optical losses with established foundry manufacturing is critical. Recent advances in integrated SiN photonics have shown that ultralow-loss, dispersion-engineered microresonators with quality factors Q > 10 × 10 can be attained at die-level throughput.

Signature of Transition between Granular Solid and Fluid: Rate-Dependent Stick Slips in Steady Shearing.

Despite extensive studies on either smooth granular-fluid flow or the solidlike deformation at the slow limit, the change between these two extremes remains largely unexplored. By systematically investigating the fluctuations of tightly packed grains under steady shearing, we identify a transition zone with prominent stick-slip avalanches. We establish a state diagram, and propose a new dimensionless shear rate based on the speed dependence of interparticle friction and particle size.

Sperm quality and ambient air pollution exposure: A retrospective, cohort study in a Southern province of China.

Background: Abnormal semen quality is one of the common causes of infertility. The relationship between exposure to air pollutants and semen quality is unclear.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of ambient air pollutant exposures on semen quality.

Migrant population is more vulnerable to the effect of air pollution on preterm birth: Results from a birth cohort study in seven Chinese cities.

Background: Studies have reported that exposure to air pollution during pregnancy was associated with preterm birth (PTB). However, it remains unknown whether this association differs between local residents and migrants.

Objective: This study aimed to differentiate the associations between maternal air pollution exposure and PTB between local residents and migrants.

The prevalence of deafness-associated mutations in neonates: A meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Objective: The causative genes associated with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) have been identified, in order of prevalence are GJB2, SLC26A4, MYO15A, OTOF, CDH23, and TMC1. To evaluate the prevalence of deafness-associated mutations in neonates and the clinical value of screening, we performed a meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Methods: The main criteria used to select articles was that the studies were designed to detect deafness genetic mutations in Chinese's neonates, and the screening kits were designed to detect 9 or 20 sites in four deafness-causative genes.

Cooperative effect of two metals: CoPd(OAc)4-catalyzed C-H amination and aziridination.

The first Co/Pd-cocatalyzed intramolecular C-H amination and aziridination reactions were developed. Sulfamate esters were converted to oxathiazinanes by using CoPd(OAc)4 as catalyst and PhI(OAc)2 as oxidant. The mutual presence of both Co and Pd is crucial for the catalytic activity.