Applications of Chitosan and its Derivatives in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease, which is mainly characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, inflammation of the synovial membrane of the joint, and changes in the surrounding bone tissue. With the increase of age and weight, the incidence of OA gradually increases, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The primary pharmacological treatments for OA include analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Evidence of Nodal Superconductivity in Monolayer 1H-TaS with Hidden Order Fluctuations.

Unconventional superconductors represent one of the fundamental directions in modern quantum materials research. In particular, nodal superconductors are known to appear naturally in strongly correlated systems, including cuprate superconductors and heavy-fermion systems. Van der Waals materials hosting superconducting states are well known, yet nodal monolayer van der Waals superconductors have remained elusive.

Topological Spin Excitations in Non-Hermitian Spin Chains with a Generalized Kernel Polynomial Algorithm.

Spectral functions of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians can reveal the existence of topologically nontrivial line gaps and the associated topological edge modes. However, the computation of spectral functions in a non-Hermitian many-body system remains an open challenge. Here, we put forward a numerical approach to compute spectral functions of a non-Hermitian many-body Hamiltonian based on the kernel polynomial method and the matrix-product state formalism.

Controlling magnetic frustration in 1T-TaSvia Coulomb engineered long-range interactions.

Magnetic frustrations in two-dimensional materials provide a rich playground to engineer unconventional phenomena. However, despite intense efforts, a realization of tunable frustrated magnetic order in two-dimensional materials remains an open challenge. Here we propose Coulomb engineering as a versatile strategy to tailor magnetic ground states in layered materials.

Artificial heavy fermions in a van der Waals heterostructure.

Heavy-fermion systems represent one of the paradigmatic strongly correlated states of matter. They have been used as a platform for investigating exotic behaviour ranging from quantum criticality and non-Fermi liquid behaviour to unconventional topological superconductivity. The heavy-fermion phenomenon arises from the exchange interaction between localized magnetic moments and conduction electrons leading to Kondo lattice physics, and represents one of the long-standing open problems in quantum materials.