Mitochondrial-targeting strategies with homoharringtonine: A novel approach for chemoresistant rectal cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance poses a significant challenge in the treatment of rectal cancer, driving the need for novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we established 5-FU-resistant rectal cancer cell lines (SW837-r, SNU-C1-r) and identified homoharringtonine (HHT) as a potent and selective anticancer agent through high-throughput drug screening of 291 compounds. HHT displayed the highest selective drug sensitivity score (sDSS), showing strong activity against resistant cells while sparing normal rectal epithelial cells.

Digital holographic interferometry for diagnosing the density profile of laser-produced collisionless shock.

A digital holographic interferometry based on Fresnel biprism has been developed to measure the electron density profile of laser-produced collisionless shocks in laboratory, which used the Fourier transform method to solve the wrapped phase. The discontinuous surfaces of shocks will produce the break and split of the interference fringes, which cannot be processed by the conventional path-following phase unwrapping algorithm when reconstructing the real phase of the plasma. Therefore, we used a least-squares method to extract the real phase, which is proportional to the line-integrated electron density.

Compact broadband Compton spectroscopy used for intense laser-driven gamma rays.

A compact broadband Compton spectrometer is designed to measure the continuous spectrum of gamma-ray sources driven by an intense laser. The incident gamma rays are converted into electrons in low-Z materials by Compton scattering. Produced by a pair of stepped magnets, a weaker-front-stronger-rear nonuniform magnetic field in the electron magnetic spectrometer is used to spectrally resolve the scattered electrons, leading to a broadband gamma-ray spectral coverage of 2-20 MeV in a compact volume.

Pulsed magnetic field device for laser plasma experiments at Shenguang-II laser facility.

A pulsed intense magnetic field device was developed for the Shanghai Shenguang-II (SG-II) laser facility. The device using a double-turn coil with 12 mm diameter is capable of producing a peak current of 42 kA with 280 ns rising edge and 200 ns flat top width. A peak magnetic field of 8.

Portable pulsed magnetic field generator for magnetized laser plasma experiments in low vacuum environments.

A portable pulsed magnetic field generator for magnetized laser plasma experiments in low vacuum environments is presented. It is based on a classical high-voltage discharge pulsed power system. A 95 kA peak current was delivered at a 65 kV discharge voltage, which generated a quasiuniform magnetic field of 12T in a Φ8 mm × 8 mm volume.

Development of Thomson scattering system on Shenguang-III prototype laser facility.

A Thomson scattering diagnostic system, using a 263 nm laser as the probe beam, is designed and implemented on Shenguang-III prototype laser facility. The probe beam is provided by an additional beam line completed recently. The diagnostic system allows simultaneous measurements of both ion feature and red-shifted electron feature from plasmas in a high-temperature (≥2 keV) and high-density (≥10(21) cm(-3)) regime.

Phase-type quantum-dot-array diffraction grating.

A novel phase-type quantum-dot-array diffraction grating (QDADG) is reported. In contrast to an earlier amplitude-type QDADG [C. Wang et al.

A fast algorithm aligning multiple microbial genomic sequences.

To compare large genomic DNA sequences of related organisms and of different species, researchers need efficient methods to align many long sequences. We developed a new tool Super Multiple Genome Alignment (SMGA for short), specially for rapid multiple global alignment of genomic sequences. SMGA can align a data set consisting of 50M of 9 enterobacterial genomic sequences in 40 minutes.

SGA: a grammar-based alignment algorithm.

As the cost of genome sequencing continues to drop, comparison of large sequences becomes tantamount to our understanding of evolution and gene function. Rapid genome alignment stands to play a fundamental role in furthering biological understanding. In 2002, a fast algorithm based on statistical estimation called super pairwise alignment (SPA) was developed by Shen et al.