Protective Effects of Polysaccharide Composite Microcapsules on the Survival of during Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion and Heat Treatment.

To improve probiotics' survivability during gastrointestinal digestion and heat treatment, was microencapsulated by spray-drying using polysaccharide/sodium caseinate/gelatin (LJP/SC/GE) composites. Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry results revealed that the denaturation of LJP/SC/GE microcapsules requires higher thermal energy than that of SC/GE microcapsules, and the addition of LJP may improve thermal stability. Zeta potential measurements indicated that, at low pH of the gastric fluid, the negatively charged LJP attracted the positively charged SC/GE, helping to maintain an intact microstructure without disintegration.

The Enrichment of Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgal Oil by Urea Complexation via Rotary-evaporation Crystallization.

Urea complexation is a widely used method for enriching polyunsaturated fatty acids, and cooling is the traditional approach for urea crystallization. This study aimed to investigate the potential of rotary-evaporation under vacuum as an alternative method for urea crystallization in urea complexation to enrich docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA-containing microalgal oil was converted to ethyl esters (EE) as the raw material.

Low Fatization of High-Fat Surimi-Based Products: Optimization of the Application of Protein Matrix Fat Substitution Methods.

The low fatization of high-fat foods is a significant trend that will impact the future developments of food products. Consumers have regarded health attributes as a critical indicator for purchasing food. In this study, enzyme-modified soy protein isolate, sea fish collagen, and ovalbumin were used to prepare the composite fat substitute for the protein matrix.

Study on prevention and control measures of sandstone geothermal reinjection plugging.

In the process of geothermal tailwater reinjection of sandstone, the problem of plugging has been seriously restricting the continuous development of geothermal reinjection for many years, and the problems of plugging are complex and changeable. The plugging in the process of reinjection can be divided into physical plugging, chemical plugging, microbial plugging and gas plugging. Given these four types of blocking, according to the mechanism characteristics of the blocking caused by them, this paper puts forward corresponding blocking prevention measures and solves the current blocking problems by filtering, adding a scale inhibitor, intermittent reinjection, adding chlorine dioxide and regular lifting.

Tribological Performance of Diamond Films with Different Roughnesses of Silicon Nitride Substrates and Carbon Source Concentrations.

Diamond films were deposited on silicon nitride (SiN) substrates with three different roughnesses using the method of hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). The tribological properties of the film were studied by changing the deposition time, deposition distance, and methane (CH) concentration. The friction coefficient, delamination threshold load, and wear rate of the diamond films were tested and calculated using the reciprocating friction and wear test under dry friction conditions.

Cardio- and Cerebrovascular Outcomes of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Noncardiac Surgical Patients With Hypertension.

The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in surgical patients is poorly described, especially in the hypertensive population. : We conducted a retrospective cohort study among all hypertensive patients who underwent elective noncardiac surgery from January 1st, 2012 to August 1st, 2017 at the Third Xiangya Hospital. The primary outcomes were fatal stroke and fatal myocardial infarction (MI).

Detection and correlation analysis of shellfish pathogens in Dadeng Island, Xiamen.

Food poisoning is caused by pathogenic bacteria in water and aquatic products, especially bivalves (e.g., oysters, clams), which can bioaccumulate pathogenic bacteria.

Progress in the study on innate immunity and non-alcohol fatty liver disease.

The incidence of non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing year by year, and the relevant cardiovascular events have become a major problem in chronic diseases management. The activation of innate immunity is closely related to the development of NAFLD. The immune cells include Kupffer cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and natural killer T cells, which acts through the activation of innate immunity-related signals mediated by pattern recognition receptors.

Plasma titanium level is positively associated with metabolic syndrome: A survey in China's heavy metal polluted regions.

Objective: Several heavy metals have been reported to be associated with metabolic syndrome(MetS) in general population, while effects of multiple metals exposure on MetS in residents living in heavy metal polluted regions have not been investigated. We aimed to assess the association of 23 metal levels and MetS among population living in China's heavy metal polluted regions.

Methods: From August 2016 to July 2017, a total of 2109 eligible participants were consecutively enrolled in our study in Hunan province, China.

Gender-specific associations between apolipoprotein A1 and arterial stiffness in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Lipid metabolism factors may play an important role in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its related cardiovascular dysfunctions. The study aims to assess whether Apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1) was associated with vascular stiffness in NAFLD patients.

Methods: From 2012 to 2013, we included 2,295 non-alcohol users with fatty liver disease (1,306 male patients) and completely excluded subjects who drank any alcohol ever to eliminate the effect of alcohol intake.

Distinct uric acid trajectories are associated with incident diabetes in an overweight Chinese population.

Aim: To explore uric acid (UA) trajectories in different body mass index (BMI) populations and to determine their associations with incident diabetes.

Methods: A total of 4566 adults without diabetes in 2011 were enrolled. All participants underwent a medical examination every year until 2016, and were classified into three subgroups based on BMI: non-obese (BMI<24kg/m); overweight (BMI ≥24kg/m but<28kg/m); and obese (BMI ≥28kg/m).

Elevated triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio increased risk of hyperuricemia: a 4-year cohort study in China.

Purpose: Previous studies revealed that high serum uric acid (SUA) levels correlated with increased triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio. However, evidence is lacking regarding whether TG/HDL-C is an independent risk factor or just a simple marker of hyperuricemia. We aimed to investigate the relationship between TG/HDL-C and the risk of hyperuricemia in Chinese population.

Association of lipid accumulation product trajectories with 5-year incidence of type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults: a cohort study.

Background: Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is an index describing the overaccumulation of lipid. Baseline LAP was used for type 2 diabetes (T2D) prediction in previous studies. But the longitudinal trajectories of LAP, which reflect the efficacy of patients' lipid-lowering treatment and lifestyle improvement, have rarely been studied.

Determination of fucoxanthinol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Previous studies have indicated that dietary fucoxanthin is mainly converted into fucoxanthinol (the deacetylated form) in mammals, but the pharmacokinetics of fucoxanthinol remains unknown. In this study, after intravenous (i.v.

Improved hydrogen production with expression of hemH and lba genes in chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

The coding region of both the ferrochelatase gene, hemH, from Bradyrhizobium japonicum, and the leghemoglobin gene, lba, from Glycine max, were transferred into chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. As a result, transgenic C. reinhardtii cultures more rapidly consumed O(2) and increased H(2) output compared with controls in both sulfur-free and sulfur-containing medium.

Heavy-metal removal from aqueous solution by fungus Mucor rouxii.

Biosorption of lead, cadmium, nickel and zinc by live and dead Mucor rouxii biomass treated with NaOH was studied over a range of pH. In the case of dead biomass, low pH resulted in a decrease in the biosorption capacity. At pH 3.