Artificial neural network systems to predict the response to sintilimab in squamous-cell non-small-cell lung cancer based on data of ORIENT-3 study.

Background: Existing biomarkers and models for predicting response to programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibody in advanced squamous-cell non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC) did not have enough accuracy. We used data from the ORIENT-3 study to construct artificial neural network (ANN) systems to predict the response to sintilimab for sqNSCLC.

Methods: Four ANN systems based on bulk RNA data to predict disease control (DC), immune DC (iDC), objective response (OR) and immune OR (iOR) were constructed and tested for patients with sqNSCLC treated with sintilimab.

Spatial analyses revealed CXCL5 and SLC6A14 as the markers of microvascular invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a critical prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), strongly associated with postoperative recurrence. However, the phenotypic features and spatial organization of MVI remain inadequately understood.

Methods: We performed a spatial transcriptomic analysis on 29,632 spots from six ICC samples, manually delineating MVI clusters using the cloupe software.

Novel IgG-IgM Autoantibody Panel Enhances Detection of Early-stage Lung Adenocarcinoma from Benign Nodules.

Autoantibodies hold promise for diagnosing lung cancer. However, their effectiveness in early-stage detection needs improvement. We investigated novel IgG and IgM autoantibodies for detection of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (Early-LUAD) across three independent cohorts of 1246 individuals.

Classic Vocal Performance Training Through C-VaC Method: Study of Core Muscle Stability Warm-Up Techniques via Computer-Aided Analysis.

Vocal warm-up is essential for achieving optimal vocal performance; however, traditional methods often neglect the role of core muscle stability. This study presents the Combined Vocal and Core Muscle Stability Warm-Up Method (C-VaC), which integrates core stability training with vocal exercises to improve vocal performance. The effectiveness of the C-VaC method was assessed among soprano majors at various stages using computer-assisted audio analysis for objective measurement.

DKK1+ tumor cells inhibited the infiltration of CCL19+ fibroblasts and plasma cells contributing to worse immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Intra-tumor immune infiltration plays a pivotal role in the interaction with tumor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its phenotype and related spatial structure remained elusive. To address these limitations, we conducted a comprehensive study combining spatial data (38,191 spots from eight samples) and single-cell data (56,022 cells from 20 samples).

The co-location of MARCO+ tumor-associated macrophages and CTSE+ tumor cells determined the poor prognosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Intra-tumor immune infiltration is a crucial element interacting with tumor cells in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). However, its phenotype and related spatial structure remained elusive. To address these limitations, we undertook a comprehensive study combining spatial data (29,632 spots from six samples) and single-cell data (21,158 cells from 35 samples).

Spatial analyses revealed S100P + TFF1 + tumor cells in spread through air spaces samples correlated with undesirable therapy response in non-small cell lung cancer.

Spread through air spaces (STAS) is a recognized aggressive pattern in lung cancer, serving as a crucial risk factor for postoperative recurrence. However, its phenotype and related spatial structure have remained elusive. To address these limitations, we conducted a comprehensive study based on spatial data, analyzing over 30,000 spots from 14 non-STAS samples and one STAS sample.

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal a high glycolysis B cell and tumor-associated macrophages cluster correlated with poor prognosis and exhausted immune microenvironment in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous malignancy characterized by varied responses to treatment and prognoses. Understanding the metabolic characteristics driving DLBCL progression is crucial for developing personalized therapies.

Methods: This study utilized multiple omics technologies including single-cell transcriptomics (n = 5), bulk transcriptomics (n = 966), spatial transcriptomics (n = 10), immunohistochemistry (n = 34), multiple immunofluorescence (n = 20) and to elucidate the metabolic features of highly malignant DLBCL cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), along with their associated tumor microenvironment.

SASEGAN-TCN: Speech enhancement algorithm based on self-attention generative adversarial network and temporal convolutional network.

Traditional unsupervised speech enhancement models often have problems such as non-aggregation of input feature information, which will introduce additional noise during training, thereby reducing the quality of the speech signal. In order to solve the above problems, this paper analyzed the impact of problems such as non-aggregation of input speech feature information on its performance. Moreover, this article introduced a temporal convolutional neural network and proposed a SASEGAN-TCN speech enhancement model, which captured local features information and aggregated global feature information to improve model effect and training stability.

Single-cell and spatial analyses revealed the co-location of cancer stem cells and SPP1+ macrophage in hypoxic region that determines the poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), classical cancer stem cells (CSC) markers were shared by normal stem cells, targeting which may hinder hepatic regeneration and cause liver failure. Additionally, the spatial structure of CSC still remained elusive. To address these limitations, we undertook a comprehensive study combining single-cell data (56,022 cells from 20 samples) and spatial data (38,191 spots from eight samples) to obtain CSC signature and uncover its spatial structure.

Longitudinal plasma proteomic profiling of EML4-ALK positive lung cancer receiving ALK-TKIs therapy.

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) has demonstrated remarkable therapeutic effects in ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Identifying prognostic biomarkers can enhance the clinical efficacy of relapsed or refractory patients.

Methods: We profiled 737 plasma proteins from 159 pre-treatment and on-treatment plasma samples of 63 ALK-positive NSCLC patients using data-independent acquisition-mass spectrometry (DIA-MS).

Distinctive physiological and molecular responses of foxtail millet and maize to nicosulfuron.

Introduction: Nicosulfuron is the leading acetolactate synthase inhibitor herbicide product, and widely used to control gramineous weeds. Here, we investigated the metabolic process of nicosulfuron into foxtail millet and maize, in order to clarify the mechanism of the difference in sensitivity of foxtail millet and maize to nicosulfuron from the perspective of physiological metabolism and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of nicosulfuron-resistant foxtail millet varieties.

Methods: We treated foxtail millet (Zhangzagu 10, Jingu 21) and maize (Nongda 108, Ditian 8) with various doses of nicosulfuron in both pot and field experiments.

Identification of novel prognostic autoantibodies in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone via a high-throughput antigen microarray.

Background: R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) is a standard first-line treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, 20%-40% of patients survive less than 5 years. Novel prognostic biomarkers remain in demand.

An immunosuppressive subtype of senescent tumor cells predicted worse immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Senescent tumor cells (STCs) can induce immunosuppression, promoting tumor progression and therapy resistance. However, the specific characteristics of immunosuppressive STC have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to characterize and elucidate the immunosuppressive phenotype of STC in lung adenocarcinoma by employing single-cell and bulk transcriptomics, as well as serum proteomics profiling.

Integrative analyses of bulk and single-cell RNA-seq identified cancer-associated fibroblasts-related signature as a prognostic factor for immunotherapy in NSCLC.

An emerging view regarding cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) is that it plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME), but the clinical significance and biological functions of CAFs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still poorly explored. Here, we aimed to identify the CAF-related signature for NSCLC through integrative analyses of bulk and single-cell genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics profiling. Using CAF marker genes identified in weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we constructed and validated a CAF-based risk model that stratifies patients into two prognostic groups from four independent NSCLC cohorts.

QTL analysis of important agronomic traits and metabolites in foxtail millet () by RIL population and widely targeted metabolome.

As a bridge between genome and phenotype, metabolome is closely related to plant growth and development. However, the research on the combination of genome, metabolome and multiple agronomic traits in foxtail millet () is insufficient. Here, based on the linkage analysis of 3,452 metabolites with high-quality genetic linkage maps, we detected a total of 1,049 metabolic quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) distributed in 11 hotspots, and 28 metabolite-related candidate genes were mined from 14 mQTLs.

Analysis on methylation and expression of and its correlation with immunity and immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma.

To find biomarkers for immunity and immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) through multiomics analysis. The multiomics data of patients with LUAD were downloaded from the TCGA and GEO databases. CIBERSORT, quanTIseq, ESTIMATEScore, k-means clustering, gene set enrichment analysis, gene set variation analysis, immunophenoscore and logistic regression were used in this study.

Extension of the bright high-harmonic photon energy range via nonadiabatic critical phase matching.

The concept of critical ionization fraction has been essential for high-harmonic generation, because it dictates the maximum driving laser intensity while preserving the phase matching of harmonics. In this work, we reveal a second, nonadiabatic critical ionization fraction, which substantially extends the phase-matched harmonic energy, arising because of the strong reshaping of the intense laser field in a gas plasma. We validate this understanding through a systematic comparison between experiment and theory for a wide range of laser conditions.

Construction of Cu(I)-Organic Frameworks with Effective Sorption Behavior for Iodine and Congo Red.

The assembly of a tetradentate pyridine-derived ligand with CuX has afforded two isostructural Cu(I)-organic frameworks [CuX(TBD)·DMF] (X = Cl for and Br for ) in this work. Structural analysis indicates that the compounds feature hybrid layered architectures, and the three-dimensional supramolecular frameworks are finally fabricated through the alternative stacking of adjacent layers wherein large open channels are simultaneously constructed. The chemical stability has been studied showing the excellent skeleton maintenance of the prepared solids in various solvents and even in water.

Spatially homogeneous few-cycle compression of Yb lasers via all-solid-state free-space soliton management.

The high power and variable repetition-rate of Yb femtosecond lasers makes them very attractive for ultrafast science. However, for capturing sub-200 fs dynamics, efficient, high-fidelity and high-stability pulse compression techniques are essential. Spectral broadening using an all-solid-state free-space geometry is particularly attractive, as it is simple, robust and low-cost.

Rapid identification of candidate genes controlling male-sterility in Foxtail millet ().

Unlabelled: Photo-(thermo-) sensitive genic male-sterile line is the key component of two-line hybridization system in foxtail millet (), but the genetic basis of male sterility in most male-sterile lines is still unclear. In the present study, a large F population was developed derived from a cross between the photo-(thermo-) sensitive male-sterile line A2 and the fertile-line 1484-5. Thirty plants with extreme high and extreme low fertility were selected from the population to construct a sterile DNA pool and a fertile DNA pool, respectively.