Machine learning-assisted investigation on the thermal transport of β-Ga2O3 with vacancy.

β-Ga2O3 is a promising ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor in high-power and high-frequency electronics. The low thermal conductivity of β-Ga2O3, which can be further suppressed by the intrinsic vacancy, has been a major bottleneck for improving the performance of β-Ga2O3 power devices. However, deep knowledge on the thermal transport mechanism of β-Ga2O3 with defect is still lacking now.

Electrochemical C-H Hydroxylation and Alkoxylation Reactions.

The electrochemical C-H hydroxylation and alkoxylation reactions have emerged as sustainable platforms to construct valuable oxygenated compounds such as alcohols, phenols, and ethers. Compared with traditional approaches, these electrochemical strategies not only enhance the atom economy through bypassing the use of chemical oxidants but also unlock new reactivities by accessing reactive intermediates under mild conditions. In this review, we tried to provide an overview of the representative achievements in this field since 2020.

Pd-Catalyzed Site-Selective Defluorinative Etherification Between Unactivated Perfluoroarenes and Hydrobenzoxazoles.

Polyfluoroaryl ethers represent an important framework of biologically active molecules and materials. Owing to the strong bond dissociation energy of C-F bond, selectivity and other issues, transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of polyfluoroaryl ethers from perfluoroarenes via the activation of C-F bond is challenging and underdeveloped, as compared to the well-documented C-O bond formation starting from aryl iodides, aryl bromides or aryl chlorides. Herein, an unprecedented Pd-catalyzed defluorinative etherification for the synthesis of polyfluoroaryl ether skeletons using hydrobenzoxazoles as phenol surrogate, has been reported.

A quinoline derivative-based supramolecular gel for fluorescence 'turn-off' detection of Feand Cu.

In this research, we synthesized and constructed a novel gelator (named) combining quinoline and naphthalene that self-assembled in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a stable supramolecular gel (named). Under UV light, gelexhibited extremely bright yellow fluorescence. The gelshowed excellent sensing performance for both Feand Cu, with a fluorescence 'turn-off' detection mechanism and the lowest detection limit of 7.

Synthesis of Indolyl Phenyl Diketones through Visible-Light-Promoted Ni-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization/Oxidation Sequence of Ynones.

The combination of visible light catalysis and Ni catalysis has enabled the synthesis of indolyl phenyl diketones through the cyclization/oxidation process of ynones. This reaction proceeded under mild and base-free conditions and showed a broad scope and feasibility for gram-scale synthesis. Several natural products and biologically interesting molecules could be readily postfunctionalized by this method.

Straightforward Access to Free β-Amino Acids through One Pot C-H Activation/C-C Cleavage.

The first synthesis of unnatural β-amino acids with a spirocyclic backbone by one-pot protocol has been presented. This reaction features wide functional group tolerance and feasibility of post-functionalization of natural products and biologically important molecules. Novel dipeptide and tripeptide structures were assembled using this newly developed β-amino acid in high efficiency.

Possible sarcopenia and risk of hip fracture in older adults in China.

Background: The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) introduced the concept of "possible sarcopenia" in 2019. However, the association between possible sarcopenia and hip fracture is not well characterized. Hence, we conducted a study to explore this association in older Chinese adults.

Efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen cataplasms versus loxoprofen sodium cataplasms in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Clinical trial evidence is limited to identify better topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen cataplasms (FPC) with loxoprofen sodium cataplasms (LSC) in treating patients with knee OA.

Methods: This is an open-label, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial conducted at Peking University Shougang Hospital.

Possible sarcopenia and risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults in China: a 7-year longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can cause sarcopenia; however, these conditions may have a bidirectional association. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal association between possible sarcopenia and new-onset T2DM.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Synthesis of Aryl-methylene Ethers through Pd(0)-Catalyzed Coupling between Hydrobenzoxazoles and Dichloromethane.

Using dichloromethane (DCM) as the C1 feedstock, the first Pd(0)-catalyzed synthesis of aryl-methylene ether motifs from hydrobenzoxazoles (hydrothiazoles) has been reported. This protocol has exhibited an ample substrate scope (38 examples) and wide functional group tolerance. Aryl-methylene ether adducts have been successfully engaged in coupling with isocyanate to provide bis-iminoisoindolinones.

Delivering 2-Aryl Benzoxazoles through Metal-Free and Redox-Neutral De-CF Process.

An unexpected cleavage of the C-CF bond of CF-hydrobenzoxazoles has been disclosed, affording a range of 2-aryl benzoxazoles under metal-free and redox-neutral conditions. This transformation has demonstrated broad substrate scope and good compatibility of functional groups. 2-Aryl benzothiazole and 2-aryl benzoimidazole could be smoothly assembled in the same manner.

Merging Imidazolidines with a Trifluoromethylated Tetrasubstituted Carbon through Tungsten Catalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition.

An unprecedented 1,3-dipole cycloaddition between acyclic CF-ketimines and -benzyl azomethine ylide has been allowed by tungsten catalysis, furnishing a range of novel imidazolidines bearing a trifluoromethylated tetrasubstituted carbon center. This reaction appears as one of rare examples that challenging acyclic CF-ketimines have been engaged in 1,3-cycloaddition reactions. The capability for gram-scale synthesis and variant derivatizations of cycloaddition adducts illustrates the synthetic potential of this approach.

The [3+2] Annulation of CF-Ketimines by Re Catalysis: Access to CF-Containing Amino Heterocycles and Polyamides.

Transition metal catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of imines with double bonds via directed C-H activation offers a direct access to amino cyclic motifs. However, owing to weak coordination and steric hindrance, trifluoromethylated ketimines have been an unaddressed challenge for TM-catalyzed annulations. Here, a rhenium-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of trifluoromethylated ketimines with isocyanates via C(sp)-H activation has been disclosed.

Synthesis of β-CF β-Amino Esters with an Indane Backbone by Rhenium-Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation.

The [3+2] annulation of trifluoromethylated ketimines with acrylates has been enabled by rhenium-catalyzed C-H activation, delivering a variety of β-CF β-amino esters. The reaction has exhibited broad substrate generality regarding aromatic CF-ketimines and acrylates, the ability for gram scale synthesis, and facile derivation of the annulation products. The transformation is one of the few examples in which challenging sp C-H bonds of CF-ketimines have been functionalized.

Associations of LRP5 Gene With Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fractures in the Elderly With Osteoporosis.

The study aimed to explore the associations of rs4988300 and rs634008 in the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 () gene with bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTM), and fractures in elderly patients with osteoporosis (OP). Our study included 328 unrelated OP patients with or without fractures. Genomic DNA was extracted for genotyping.

Copper-Mediated Deacylative Coupling of Ynones via C-C Bond Activation under Mild Conditions.

The intermolecular deacylative coupling of unstrained ynones via C-C bond activation was accomplished by a CuCl-bpy system under mild reaction conditions. This protocol features facile cleavage of the C-C bond at room temperature, broad substrate scope, and efficient construction of important symmetric and unsymmetrical 1,3-diyne adducts through homo or cross coupling of ynones, respectively. The preliminary mechanistic investigations indicated that an acyl copper(III) complex is likely involved in this process.

Associations of and with Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fractures in Chinese Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis.

Introduction: Osteoporosis (OP) is a common polygenic disorder in the aging population, and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the alpha-L-iduronidase () gene and patched homolog 1 () gene regulate bone metabolism and affect bone mass. The study aimed at investigating the relationships of rs3755955 and rs6831280 in the gene and rs28377268 in the gene with bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs), and fractures in the elderly Chinese subjects with OP.

Materials And Methods: A cohort of 328 unrelated senile osteoporosis (SOP) patients with or without osteoporotic fractures was recruited.

A systematic review of complications in thoracic spine surgery for ossification of ligamentum flavum.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the incidence of complications, to relate complication incidence to procedures performed, to assess the impact of the year of study publication and follow-up duration on complication incidence.

Methods: The authors conducted the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and EMBASE searches for relevant literatures.

Catalytic Asymmetric Mukaiyama-Mannich Reaction of Cyclic C-Acylimines with Difluoroenoxysilanes: Access to Difluoroalkylated Indolin-3-ones.

A catalytic enantioselective Mukaiyama-Mannich reaction of cyclic C-acylimines with difluoroenoxysilanes is reported. (S)-TRIP enables the enantioselective synthesis of a series of novel difluoroalkylated indolin-3-ones bearing a quaternary stereocenter in up to 97% yield and 98% ee. The synthetic utility of this protocol is highlighted by efficient conversion of the products to the corresponding indolin-3-one derivatives without any erosion of the enantiopurity.

Improved Ablation Resistance of Silicone Rubber Composites by Introducing Montmorillonite and Silicon Carbide Whisker.

Montmorillonite (MMT) was added to silicone rubber (SR) to improve the ablation resistance of the silicone. Following this, different quantities of silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) were incorporated into the MMT/SR to yield a hybrid, ablative composite. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite increased after the addition of MMT.

Effect of Functionalization of Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Silicone Rubber Composites.

This study investigated the effect of silane and surfactant treatments of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) on the mechanical and thermal properties of silicone rubber (SR) composites. GnPs were modified with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), and Triton X-100, and then the pristine GnPs and functionalized GnPs were individually incorporated into the SR. Compared with the pristine GnP/SR composite, the composites reinforced with modified GnP showed better tensile strength, elongation at break, and thermal conductivity properties due to better dispersion of modified GnPs and stronger interfacial interactions between the modified GnPs and matrix.

Copper-catalyzed diastereoselective aerobic intramolecular dehydrogenative coupling of hydrazones sp C-H functionalization.

Transition metal-catalyzed cross dehydrogenative coupling is an important tool for functionalization of the α Csp-H bond of amines. Among this reaction category, copper-catalyzed selective C-C bond formation under atmospheric O is of considerable research interest and significant progress has been achieved in recent years. In comparison, development of the intramolecular version of this transformation is still in its infancy.

The tumor-suppressive microRNA-135b targets c-myc in osteoscarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary tumor of the bone. It leads to many deaths because of its rapid proliferation and metastasis. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs are important gene regulators that are involved in various cancer-related processes.