Anion-Doped Perovskite Oxygen-Permeable Membranes Fabricated via an Improved One-Step Thermal Processing Approach.

Anion-doped perovskite membranes with a hollow fiber geometry have excellent oxygen separation performance. However, during the fabrication process of hollow fiber membranes, soaking the precursor in deionized water leads to elemental dissolution, especially anion dissolution. To prevent metal and anion element dissolution, an improved one-step thermal processing approach was proposed in which saturated solutions were used as internal and external coagulation baths, effectively controlling the stoichiometric ratio.

An Angstrom-Scale Protective Skin Grown In Situ on Perovskite Oxide to Enhance Stability in Water.

The utilization of perovskite oxide as a catalyst for aqueous reactions is promising but challenging in stability. Here, we propose an in situ growth strategy that constructs an ultrathin protective skin on the SrFeTaNiO perovskite surface and thus effectively solves the stability issue. Using a spherical aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope, we observe the coexistence of an angstrom-scale (~7 Å) FeO protective skin and FeNi alloy nanoparticles.

The association between Chinese visceral adiposity index and cardiometabolic multimorbidity among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a national cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Methods: The data used in this study were obtained from a national cohort, the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011-2018 wave). The CVAI was measured using previously validated biomarker estimation formulas, which included sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Ion-Conducting Ceramic Membrane Reactors for the Conversion of Chemicals.

Ion-conducting ceramic membranes, such as mixed oxygen ionic and electronic conducting (MIEC) membranes and mixed proton-electron conducting (MPEC) membranes, have the potential for absolute selectivity for specific gases at high temperatures. By utilizing these membranes in membrane reactors, it is possible to combine reaction and separation processes into one unit, leading to a reduction in by-product formation and enabling the use of thermal effects to achieve efficient and sustainable chemical production. As a result, membrane reactors show great promise in the production of various chemicals and fuels.

Temporal and spatial analysis of anthropogenic mercury and CO emissions from municipal solid waste incineration in China: Implications for mercury and climate change mitigation.

The contribution of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) to anthropogenic mercury and CO emissions have become increasingly important over the past decade. This study developed an inventory of anthropogenic mercury emissions and CO emissions during the period of 2014-2020, of MSWI process in China using a bottom-up inventory at the plant level. Overall, national MSWI anthropogenic mercury emissions increased from 2014 to 2020 by province.

Three new oxygenated yohimbane-type alkaloids from Ophiorrhiza japonica.

A series of oxygenated yohimbane alkaloids, including three new compounds, ophiorrhines H-J (1-3), and seven known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Ophiorrhiza japonica. The structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive MS and NMR spectroscopic methods, as well as the single crystal X-ray diffraction and ECD calculations. Ophiorrhines H (1) and I (2) represent key oxygenated intermediates in the formation of aromatic ring E in the demethoxycarbonyl-3,14-dihydrogambirtannine (10).

HIF-1α mediates renal fibrosis by regulating metabolic remodeling of renal tubule epithelial cells.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) mediates the occurrence and development of renal diseases and fibrosis. In the process, dysregulated cellular metabolism was suggested to be involved in several pathological processes. Here, we found that HIF-1α expression was increased in the early stage of renal fibrosis, and significant metabolic remodeling was triggered.

Exosomes Derived from BMSCs Ameliorate Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating miR-144-3p-Mediated Oxidative Stress.

Background: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical pathophysiological process involved in many acute and critical diseases, and it may seriously threaten the lives of patients. Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-exos) may be an effective therapeutic approach for I/R injury.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the role and possible mechanism of BMSC-exos in intestinal I/R injury in vivo and in vitro based on the miR-144-3p and PTEN/Akt/Nrf2 pathways.

miR-146a-5p/TXNIP axis attenuates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting autophagy via the PRKAA/mTOR signaling pathway.

Autophagy is being increasingly recognized as an important regulator of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury, but its exact role is still debated. Emerging evidence suggests that miR-146a-5p is involved in the initiation and development of I/R injury, but its role in intestinal I/R injury remains unclear. The present study generated an intestinal I/R mouse model and an oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) Caco-2 cell model and found that autophagy was increased and contributed to the intestinal injury and cell death induced by I/R and OGD/R.

Corrigendum: β-Sitosterol and Gemcitabine Exhibit Synergistic Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Activity by Modulating Apoptosis and Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Deactivating Akt/GSK-3β Signaling.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.

A Separation-Sensing Membrane Performing Precise Real-Time Serum Analysis During Blood Drawing.

Dynamic and on-site analysis of serum from human blood is crucial, however, state-of-the-art blood-assay methods can only collect single or discrete data of physiological analytes; thus, the online reports of the dynamic fluctuation of key analytes remains a great challenge. Here, we propose a novel separation-sensing membrane by constructing a heterogeneous-nanostructured architecture, wherein a surface nanoporous layer continuously extracts serum, while the biosensing nanochannels underneath dynamically recognise biotargets, thereby achieving a continuous testing of vital clinical indices as blood is drawn. By precisely controlling the pore structure and nanoshape of biosensing crystals, this membrane achieved accurate and online glucose and lactate monitoring in patients with a variety of medical conditions within 1 min, which is one order of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art techniques.

Determination of cadmium induced acute and chronic reproductive toxicity with Raman spectroscopy.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic heavy metals which is confirmed to be related to male sterile. Here, confocal Raman spectroscopy was employed to detect biomolecular composition and changes in testis under acute and chronic Cd treatment. Specific Raman shifts associated with mitochondria, nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and cholesterol were identified which were distinguishing among groups undergoing different Cd treatment times.

β-Sitosterol and Gemcitabine Exhibit Synergistic Anti-pancreatic Cancer Activity by Modulating Apoptosis and Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Deactivating Akt/GSK-3β Signaling.

β-sitosterol (BS), a major bioactive constituent present in plants, has shown potent anti-cancer activity against many human cancer cells, but its activity in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells has rarely been reported. Gemcitabine (GEM) is one of the first-line drugs for PC therapy, however, the treatment effect is not sustained due to prolonged drug resistance. In this study, we firstly studied the anti-PC activity and the mechanism of BS alone and in combination with GEM and .

Perovskite Hollow Fibers with Precisely Controlled Cation Stoichiometry via One-Step Thermal Processing.

The practical applications of perovskite hollow fibers (HFs) are limited by challenges in producing these easily, cheaply, and reliably. Here, a one-step thermal processing approach is reported for the efficient production of high performance perovskite HFs, with precise control over their cation stoichiometry. In contrast to traditional production methods, this approach directly uses earth-abundant raw chemicals in a single thermal process.

Arachidonic acid has protective effects on oxygen-glucose deprived astrocytes mediated through enhancement of potassium channel TREK-1 activity.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have neuroprotective effects against ischemic brain diseases. The newly discovered potassium channel "TREK-1" is a promising target for therapies against neurodegeneration. Arachidonic acid (AA) is an n-6 PUFA, as well as a potent TREK-1 activator.

Toward highly-effective and sustainable hydrogen production: bio-ethanol oxidative steam reforming coupled with water splitting in a thin tubular membrane reactor.

Highly-effective sustainable hydrogen production from ethanol and water was achieved in a tubular dense mixed-conducting oxygen permeable membrane reactor, in which water splitting took place at the tube side of the membrane and oxidative steam reforming of ethanol occurred at the shell side simultaneously.