Changed ventral striatum structural covariance and grey matter volume in depression during a one-year follow-up.

Empirical findings suggest reduced cortico-striatal structural connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the relationship between the abnormal structural covariance and one-year outcome of first-episode drug-naive patients has not been evaluated. This longitudinal study aimed to identify specific changes of ventral striatum-related brain structural covariance and grey matter volume in forty-two first-episode patients with major depression disorder compared with thirty-seven healthy controls at the baseline and the one-year follow-up conditions.

Transcriptomic decoding of regional cortical vulnerability to major depressive disorder.

Previous studies in small samples have identified inconsistent cortical abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite genetic influences on MDD and the brain, it is unclear how genetic risk for MDD is translated into spatially patterned cortical vulnerability. Here, we initially examined voxel-wise differences in cortical function and structure using the largest multi-modal MRI data from 1660 MDD patients and 1341 controls.

Maternal Vitamin D3 Supplementation in an Oxidized-Oil Diet Protects Fetus from Developmental Impairment and Ameliorates Oxidative Stress in Mouse Placenta and Fetus.

Background: Fried food has increased in popularity worldwide. However, deep frying can increase the production of peroxidative toxins in food, which might be harmful to fetal development. The antioxidative effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) has been reported previously.

Neural substrates of predicting anhedonia symptoms in major depressive disorder via connectome-based modeling.

Main Problem: Anhedonia is a critical diagnostic symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD), being associated with poor prognosis. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying anhedonia is of great significance for individuals with MDD, and it encourages the search for objective indicators that can reliably identify anhedonia.

Methods: A predictive model used connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) for anhedonia symptoms was developed by utilizing pre-treatment functional connectivity (FC) data from 59 patients with MDD.

Uncovering the Neural Correlates of Anhedonia Subtypes in Major Depressive Disorder: Implications for Intervention Strategies.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a serious public health concern, negatively affecting individuals' quality of life and making a substantial contribution to the global burden of disease. Anhedonia is a core symptom of MDD and is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Variability in anhedonia components within MDD has been observed, suggesting heterogeneity in psychopathology across subgroups.

Increased brain nucleus accumbens functional connectivity in melancholic depression.

Background: Melancholic depression, marked by typical symptoms of anhedonia, is regarded as a homogeneous subtype of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little attention was paid to underlying mechanisms of melancholic depression. This study aims to examine functional connectivity of the reward circuit associated with anhedonia symptoms in melancholic depression.

Maternal Vitamin D and Inulin Supplementation in Oxidized Oil Diet Improves Growth Performance and Hepatic Innate Immunity in Offspring Mice.

Dietary oxidized fat contains harmful materials such as hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde (MDA). Excessive oxidized fat intake during pregnancy and lactation not only leads to maternal body injury but also damages offspring health. Our previous study demonstrated that vitamin D (VD) had antioxidative capability in sows.

Abnormal long- and short-range functional connectivity in patients with first-episode drug-naïve melancholic and non-melancholic major depressive disorder.

Background: We attempted to explore the common and distinct long- and short-range functional connectivity (FC) patterns of melancholic and non-melancholic major depressive disorder (MDD) and their associations with clinical characteristics.

Methods: Fifty-nine patients with first-episode drug-naïve MDD, including 31 patients with melancholic features and 28 patients with non-melancholic features, underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning to examine long- and short-range FC. Thirty-two healthy volunteers were recruited as controls.

Overlapping and segregated changes of functional hubs in melancholic depression and non-melancholic depression.

Background: Previous research found associations between neuropsychiatric disorders and patterns of highly connected "hub" nodes, which are crucial in coordinating brain functions. Melancholic depression is considered a relatively distinct and homogenous subtype of major depressive disorder (MDD), which responds better to pharmacological treatments than placebos or psychotherapies. Accordingly, melancholic depression probably has distinct neuropathological underpinnings.

The Psychopathology of Worthlessness in Depression.

Background: Despite common dissatisfaction with the syndromic heterogeneity of major depression, investigations into its symptom structure are scarce. Self-worthlessness/inadequacy is a distinctive and consistent symptom of major depression across cultures.

Aims: We investigated whether self-worthlessness is associated with self-blaming attribution-related symptoms or is instead an expression of reduced positive feelings overall, as would be implied by reduced positive affect accounts of depression.

Anhedonia reduction correlates with increased ventral caudate connectivity with superior frontal gyrus in depression.

This study was to investigate the relationship between the ventral caudate connectivity and anhedonia. Nineteen depressed patients and 16 healthy controls participated in two identical functional magnetic resonance imaging scans during a 1-year period to determine the resting-state functional connectivity changes using a seed-based approach. Patients showed increased left ventral caudate functional connectivity with superior frontal gyrus over time and the increased connectivity was associated with anhedonia improvement.

Differentiating Melancholic and Non-melancholic Major Depressive Disorder Using Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations.

Background: Melancholic major depressive disorder (MDD) is a network-based brain disorder. However, whether or not network-based changes can be applied to differentiate melancholic (MEL) from non-melancholic (NMEL) MDD remains unclear.

Methods: Thirty-one MEL patients, 28 NMEL patients, and 32 matched healthy controls (HCs) were scanned using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Abnormal Default-Mode Network Homogeneity in Melancholic and Nonmelancholic Major Depressive Disorder at Rest.

Background: Melancholic depression has been assumed as a severe type of major depressive disorder (MDD). We aimed to explore if there were some distinctive alterations in melancholic MDD and whether the alterations could be used to discriminate the melancholic MDD and nonmelancholic MDD.

Methods: Thirty-one outpatients with melancholic MDD, thirty-three outpatients with nonmelancholic MDD, and thirty-two age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited.

Shared and distinct homotopic connectivity changes in melancholic and non-melancholic depression.

Objective: Previous studies have revealed different neuroimaging features between melancholic and non-melancholic major depressive disorder (MDD). However, homotopic connectivity of melancholic and non-melancholic MDD remains unknown. The present study aimed to explore common and distinct homotopic connectivity patterns of melancholic and non-melancholic MDD and their associations with clinical characteristics.

Disrupted Regional Homogeneity in Melancholic and Non-melancholic Major Depressive Disorder at Rest.

Melancholic depression has been viewed as one severe subtype of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it is unclear whether melancholic depression has distinct changes in brain imaging. We aimed to explore specific or distinctive alterations in melancholic MDD and whether the alterations could be used to separate melancholic MDD from non-melancholic MDD or healthy controls.

Conductive polyaniline-mediated efficient electron transfer in Z-scheme photocatalysts for enhanced overall water splitting.

Here, we demonstrate that conductive polyaniline (PANI) can function as a solid redox mediator to efficiently shuttle photogenerated electrons from BiVO4 to Ru/SrTiO3:Rh, thus greatly promoting the separation of electrons and holes and nearly quadrupling the overall water splitting activity under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm).

Altered resting-state dynamic functional brain networks in major depressive disorder: Findings from the REST-meta-MDD consortium.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is known to be characterized by altered brain functional connectivity (FC) patterns. However, whether and how the features of dynamic FC would change in patients with MDD are unclear. In this study, we aimed to characterize dynamic FC in MDD using a large multi-site sample and a novel dynamic network-based approach.