Individual and Catchment Area Factors Associated With Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Within the Military Health System.

Introduction: Breast and cervical cancer screening is critical to identifying cases at earlier stages in order to begin treatment earlier and improve survival. Screening rates have been shown to vary within the Military Health System (MHS). The goal is to estimate drivers of variation in screening rates within the MHS.

Sharing without clicking on news in social media.

Social media have enabled laypersons to disseminate, at scale, links to news and public affairs information. Many individuals share such links without first reading the linked information. Here we analysed over 35 million public Facebook posts with uniform resource locators shared between 2017 and 2020, and discovered that such 'shares without clicks' (SwoCs) constitute around 75% of forwarded links.

How do environmental stressors influence migration? A meta-regression analysis of environmental migration literature.

Background: The amount of literature on environmental migration is increasing. However, existing studies exhibit contradictory results. A systematic synthesis of the environment-migration relationship is much needed.

Relocation preference and settlement: Lessons from the Poverty Alleviation Relocation Program in China.

We explored the linkages between socioeconomic and demographic factors, relocation preference, and settlement associated with China's Poverty Alleviation Relocation Program. Using multivariate ordinal logistic regression, panel data modeling, and multilevel methods, we found that outdated infrastructure at places of origin, such as long distances to paved roads or elementary schools, increased the probability of relocation, and the presence of left-behind household members at the origin compromised re-settlement. This study sheds light on the community- and household-level factors that influence relocation preference and settlement, offering valuable insights for future research and informing the design and implementation of relocation projects.

Differences in Perceptions of COVID-19 Risks in a Fishing Community in Alaska, 2020-2021.

Bristol Bay in Alaska is home to the world's largest commercial salmon fishery. During an average fishing season, the population of the Bristol Bay region more than doubles as thousands of workers from out of state converge on the fishery. In the months leading up to the 2020 commercial fishery opening, as the COVID-19 pandemic exploded worldwide, great uncertainty existed about the health risks of opening the fishery.

Ecosystem degradation or restoration? The evolving role of land use in China, 2000-2020.

Dramatic land use change in China affects ecosystem degradation and restoration. Identifying the evolving role of land use in ecosystem degradation and restoration in China is essential for sustainable land policy making. However, it is not clear how land use affects ecosystem degradation and restoration over time.

Spatial proximity to wildfires as a proxy for measuring PM: A novel method for estimating exposures in rural settings.

Background: Climate change impacts humans and society both directly and indirectly. Alaska, for example, is warming twice as fast as the global mean, and researchers are starting to grapple with the varied and inter-connected ways in which climate change affects the people there. With the number of wildfires increasing in Alaska as a result of climate change, the number of asthma cases has increased, driven by exposure to small particulate matter.

An Evaluation of Geo-located Twitter Data for Measuring Human Migration.

This study evaluates the spatial patterns of flows generated from geo-located Twitter data to measure human migration. Using geo-located tweets continuously collected in the U.S.

A tale of three cities: uncovering human-urban interactions with geographic-context aware social media data.

Seeking spatiotemporal patterns about how citizens interact with the urban space is critical for understanding how cities function. Such interactions were studied in various forms focusing on patterns of people's presence, action, and transition in the urban environment, which are defined as human-urban interactions in this paper. Using human activity datasets that utilize mobile positioning technology for tracking the locations and movements of individuals, researchers developed stochastic models to uncover preferential return behaviors and recurrent transitional activity structures in human-urban interactions.

Bride Kidnapping and Gendered Labor Migration: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan.

Because the decision to migrate is a product of gendered negotiations within households, households formed through forced marriage may have different migration strategies than households formed through voluntary marriage. In Kyrgyzstan, we anticipate two possible effects of the traditional practice of bride kidnapping on migration. Households headed by a kidnap couple may be more cohesive and patriarchal, facilitating men's labor migration and remittance-sending.

Assessing the validity of mobile device data for estimating visitor demographics and visitation patterns in Yellowstone National Park.

Monitoring visitor demographics and temporal visitation patterns can help national park managers understand their visitors and allocate resources more effectively. Traditional approaches, such as visitor surveys or vehicle counts, are limited by time, space, labor, and financial resources. More recently, mobile device data have been adopted for monitoring visitors in park-related or tourism research.

Spatial mismatch of ecosystem service demands and supplies in China, 2000-2020.

The supply capacity of ecosystem services (ES) in the past decades has shown a significant decrease globally, while ES demand capacity has increased. Identifying the spatial mismatch of ES supply and demand (ES S&D) can provide valuable knowledge about where the gaps are. Existing studies, however, lack specifics about the spatial mismatch of ES S&D-that is, few studies consider the coupling and decoupling relationship of ES S&D at the national scale.

GPS2space: An Open-source Python Library for Spatial Measure Extraction from GPS Data.

Global Positioning System (GPS) data have become one of the routine data streams collected by wearable devices, cell phones, and social media platforms in this digital age. Such data provide research opportunities in that they may provide contextual information to elucidate where, when, and why individuals engage in and sustain particular behavioral patterns. However, raw GPS data consisting of densely sampled time series of latitude and longitude coordinate pairs do not readily convey meaningful information concerning intra-individual dynamics and inter-individual differences; substantial data processing is required.

Bayesian Forecasting with a Regime-Switching Zero-Inflated Multilevel Poisson Regression Model: An Application to Adolescent Alcohol Use with Spatial Covariates.

In this paper, we present and evaluate a novel Bayesian regime-switching zero-inflated multilevel Poisson (RS-ZIMLP) regression model for forecasting alcohol use dynamics. The model partitions individuals' data into two phases, known as regimes, with: (1) a zero-inflation regime that is used to accommodate high instances of zeros (non-drinking) and (2) a multilevel Poisson regression regime in which variations in individuals' log-transformed average rates of alcohol use are captured by means of an autoregressive process with exogenous predictors and a person-specific intercept. The times at which individuals are in each regime are unknown, but may be estimated from the data.

Area- and Individual-Level Correlates of Self-Rated Health: Implications for Geographic Health Disparities.

Background: Self-rated health (SRH) is a common measure of overall health. However, little is known about multilevel correlates of physical and mental SRH.

Methods: Patients attending primary care clinics completed a survey before their appointment, which we linked to community data from American Community Survey and other sources (n = 455).

Exposure to anti-Black Lives Matter movement and obesity of the Black population.

Rationale: Black Lives Matter (BLM) is a social movement against systematic injustice and police violence toward Black people whose goal is to ensure their safety and the expression of their culture. As BLM gained momentum, counter-movements emerged, such as All Lives Matter (ALM), White Lives Matter (WLM), and Blue Lives Matter (BlueLM). Because they undermine support for Black people's safety and culture, exposure to stances against BLM can be a race-related stressor.

Remittances and Household Spending Strategies: Evidence from the Life in Kyrgyzstan Study, 2011-2013.

Globalized labor migration and remittances can help alleviate household poverty and provide supplemental income in many countries. Kyrgyzstan, like other Central Asian countries, has experienced dramatic geopolitical changes, economic reform, and rapid demographic shifts in the post-Soviet-Union era. Based on measurements of GDP, it is one of the most remittance-dependent countries in the world.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Screening in the U.S.

Introduction: This study evaluates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on testing for common sexually transmitted infections. Specifically, changes are measured in chlamydia and gonorrhea testing and case detection among patients aged 14-49 years during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: U.

A multi-modal approach towards mining social media data during natural disasters - a case study of Hurricane Irma.

Streaming social media provides a real-time glimpse of extreme weather impacts. However, the volume of streaming data makes mining information a challenge for emergency managers, policy makers, and disciplinary scientists. Here we explore the effectiveness of data learned approaches to mine and filter information from streaming social media data from Hurricane Irma's landfall in Florida, USA.

A general approach to detecting migration events in digital trace data.

Empirical research on migration has historically been fraught with measurement challenges. Recently, the increasing ubiquity of digital trace data-from mobile phones, social media, and related sources of 'big data'-has created new opportunities for the quantitative analysis of migration. However, most existing work relies on relatively ad hoc methods for inferring migration.

Error Measures for Trajectories Estimations with Geo-tagged Mobility Sample Data.

Although geo-tagged mobility data (e.g., cell phone data and social media data) can be potentially used to estimate individual space-time travel trajectories, they often have low sample rates that only tell travelers' whereabouts at the sparse sample times while leaving the remaining activities to be estimated with interpolation.

Design and implementation of a parallel geographically weighted -nearest neighbor classifier.

The development of high-performance classifiers represents an important step in improving the timeliness of remote sensing classification in the era of high spatial resolution. Geographically weighted -nearest neighbors (gw-NN)-a classifier that incorporates spatial information into the traditional -NN classifier-has demonstrated to be better at mitigating salt-and-pepper noise and misclassification. However, the integration of spatial dependence relationships into spectral information is computationally intensive.

A first look at COVID-19 information and misinformation sharing on Twitter.

Since December 2019, COVID-19 has been spreading rapidly across the world. Not surprisingly, conversation about COVID-19 is also increasing. This article is a first look at the amount of conversation taking place on social media, specifically Twitter, with respect to COVID-19, the themes of discussion, where the discussion is emerging from, myths shared about the virus, and how much of it is connected to other high and low quality information on the Internet through shared URL links.

Future Interstate Highway System Demands: Predictions Based on Population Projections.

The Interstate Highway System (IHS) used to be a symbol of American growth and its economic machine, but the IHS has not been expanded much since its inception. Recently there are both executive and legislative desires to restore and upgrade the IHS to its role as a premier system that can meet the growing and changing demands of the twenty-first century. Demographic forecasting is a precursor to rational transportation planning and decision activities.