Comparison of the Lipid Composition of Milk Fat Globules in Goat () Milk during Different Lactations and Human Milk.

Goat milk is considered the optimal substitute for human milk and is characterized by variations in the lipid composition of its fat globules across lactation phases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to thoroughly analyze the differences between goat milk during different lactations and human milk, aiming to offer scientific guidance for the production of functional dairy products. Compared with transitional and mature milk, the findings indicated that the total membrane protein content in goat colostrum exhibited greater similarity to that found in human milk.

Comprehensive analysis of phospholipid in milk and their biological roles as nutrients and biomarkers.

Phospholipids (PL) have garnered significant attention due to their physiological activities. Milk and other dairy products are important dietary sources for humans and have been extensively used to analyze the presence of PL by various analytical techniques. In this paper, the analysis techniques of PL were reviewed with the eight trigrams of phospholipidomics and a comprehensive fingerprint of 1295 PLs covering 8 subclasses in milk and other dairy products, especially.

AFB1 Triggers Lipid Metabolism Disorders through the PI3K/Akt Pathway and Mediates Apoptosis Leading to Hepatotoxicity.

As the most prevalent mycotoxin in agricultural products, aflatoxin B1 not only causes significant economic losses but also poses a substantial threat to human and animal health. AFB1 has been shown to increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but the underlying mechanism is not thoroughly researched. Here, we explored the toxicity mechanism of AFB1 on human hepatocytes following low-dose exposure based on transcriptomics and lipidomics.

Pesticide residues in animal-derived food: Current state and perspectives.

Pesticides are widely used in the cultivation and breeding of agricultural products all over the world. However, their direct use or indirect pollution in animal breeding may lead to residual accumulation, migration, and metabolism in animal-derived foods, posing potential health risks to humans through the food chain. Therefore, it is necessary to detect pesticide residues in animal-derived food using simple, reliable, and sensitive methods.

Lipidomic profiling study on neurobehavior toxicity in zebrafish treated with aflatoxin B1.

Mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has been proven to cause neurotoxicity, but its potential interference with the normal function of brain tissue is not fully defined. As the indispensable role of lipids in maintaining the normal function of brain tissue, the aim of this study is to clarify the effect of AFB1 short-term (7 days) exposure on brain tissue from the perspective of lipid metabolism. In this study, zebrafish were exposed to two concentrations (5, 20 μg/L).

Multiclass Comparative Analysis of Veterinary Drugs, Mycotoxins, and Pesticides in Bovine Milk by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Hybrid Quadrupole-Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry.

A multiclass and multiresidue method for simultaneously screening and confirming veterinary drugs, mycotoxins, and pesticides in bovine milk was developed and validated with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Qtrap-MS). A total of 209 targeted contaminants were effectively extracted using an optimized QuEChERS method. Quantitative and qualitative confirmation were achieved simultaneously by multiple reaction monitoring-information-dependent acquisition-enhanced product ion (MRM-IDA-EPI) scan mode.

Toxic effects of fipronil and its metabolites on PC12 cell metabolism.

Fipronil and its metabolites (fipronil sulfone, fipronil sulfide and fipronil desulfinyl) adversely affect the environment and human health. Targeted metabolomics and lipidomics based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyse the alterations of glycerophospholipids and amino acids after exposure to fipronil and its metabolites at dosages of 0.5, 12.

Integrated non-targeted lipidomics and metabolomics analyses for fluctuations of neonicotinoids imidacloprid and acetamiprid on Neuro-2a cells.

Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used for pest control. However, they are highly water-soluble and easily ingested by organisms, posing potential health risks. In this study, cytotoxicity evaluations of imidacloprid and acetamiprid were conducted in Neuro-2a cells by obtaining their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC values) (1152.

Cytotoxicity of 2,2',3,5',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB95) and its metabolites in the chicken embryo liver cells of laying hens.

2,2',3,5',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB95) is known as a persistent pollutant that was found in eggs in China. PCB 95 can be metabolized into OH-PCB95 and MeO-PCB95 in liver microsomes. However, the toxicity and its mechanism of PCB95 or its metabolites have been little studied on laying hens.

Lipidomics perturbations in the brain of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) after exposure to chiral ibuprofen.

The stereoselective effects of chiral ibuprofen (IBU) were studied using lipidomics by exposing adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to an environmental concentration of 5 μg/L for 28 days. After treatment with rac-/R-(-)-/S-(+)-IBU, the brain tissue of the zebrafish was harvested to analyze for lipid metabolites by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Results showed that the six classes of lipids, namely, glycerophospholipids, sterol lipids, prenol lipids, fatty acyls, glycerolipids, and sphingolipids, including 46 biomarkers, were affected after exposure.

Thiamethoxam Metabolism and Metabolic Effects in Cell Suspension Culture of Tea ( Camellia sinensis L.).

Thiamethoxam (TMX) has already been proven to have a physiological effect in plant tissue or cell expect for the insecticidal activity. In our previous study, TMX was verified to be metabolized by tea cells in either a suspension culture or tea plant into several metabolites. Here, tea cell suspension cultures were treated for 45 days to investigate the metabolite effects in both the tea cells and the culture supernatants by nontargeted metabolomics.