Roof breaking is the root cause of rock burst and mine earthquake. However, the classical "thin plate theory" and "thick plate theory" cannot fully reveal the mechanical mechanism of the influence of roof thickness-span ratio on the fracture mode. In this paper, based on the cohesive element technology, the mechanical behavior of cohesive element failure was studied according to the maximum nominal stress criterion and BK fracture criterion, and the fracture mechanical behavior of roofs with different thicknesses fixed on four sides under uniform load was numerically simulated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA major factor limiting the development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology is the low success rate of pregnancy, mainly due to placental abnormalities disrupting the maternal-fetal balance during pregnancy. Although there has been some progress in research on the abnormal enlargement of cloned bovine placenta, there are still few reports on the direct regulatory mechanisms of enlarged cloned bovine placenta tissue. In this study, we conducted sequencing and analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics of placental tissues from SCNT cattle ( = 3) and control (CON) cattle ( = 3).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResveratrol is a plant-derived polyphenolic compound with numerous biological activities and health-promoting properties. Rice wine is a popular traditional alcoholic beverage made from fermented rice grains, and widely consumed in Asia. To develop resveratrol-enriched rice wine, a heterologous resveratrol biosynthesis pathway was established by integrating the 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase () and the stilbene synthase () from and at the δ locus sites of industrial rice wine strains HJ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe myostatin () gene also regulates the developmental balance of skeletal muscle after birth, and has long been linked to age-related muscle wasting. Many rodent studies have shown a correlation between and age-related diseases. It is unclear how and age-associated muscle loss in other animals are related.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLysine crotonylation (Kcr) is a recently discovered histone acylation modification that is closely associated with gene expression, cell proliferation, and the maintenance of stem cell pluripotency and indicates the transcriptional activity of genes and the regulation of various biological processes. During cell culture, the introduction of exogenous croconic acid disodium salt (Nacr) has been shown to modulate intracellular Kcr levels. Although research on Kcr has increased, its role in cell growth and proliferation and its potential regulatory mechanisms remain unclear compared to those of histone methylation and acetylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background: Myostatin (MSTN) is a protein that regulates skeletal muscle development and plays a crucial role in maintaining animal body composition and muscle structure. The loss-of-function mutation of gene can induce the muscle hypertrophic phenotype. (2) Methods: Growth indexes and blood parameters of the cattle of different months were analyzed via multiple linear regression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle genesis during development. MSTN mutation leads to increased lean meat production and reduced fat deposition in livestock. However, the mechanism by which MSTN promotes myogenesis by regulating metabolism is not clear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyostatin (MSTN), a growth and differentiation factor, plays an important role in regulating skeletal muscle growth and development. MSTN knockout (MSTN-KO) leads to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and regulates metabolic homeostasis. Moreover, MSTN is also detected in smooth muscle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBacterial or viral infections, such as , mumps virus, herpes simplex virus, and Zika virus, destroy immune homeostasis of the testes, leading to spermatogenesis disorder and infertility. Of note, recent research shows that SARS-CoV-2 can infect male gonads and destroy Sertoli and Leydig cells, leading to male reproductive dysfunction. Due to the many side effects associated with antibiotic therapy, finding alternative treatments for inflammatory injury remains critical.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyostatin () regulates muscle development and body metabolism through a variety of pathways and is a core target gene for gene editing in livestock. Gut fungi constitute a small part of the gut microbiome and are important to host health and metabolism. The influence of mutations on bovine gut fungi remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyostatin (MSTN) is an important negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth in animals. A lack of MSTN promotes lipolysis and glucose metabolism but inhibits oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Here, we aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of MSTN regulating the mitochondrial energy homeostasis of skeletal muscle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyostatin () is a major negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass and initiates multiple metabolic changes. The deletion of the gene in mice leads to reduced mitochondrial functions. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite intense research in understanding () pathogenesis, the mechanisms by which it is cleared from the host are largely unclarified. In gas gangrene and enterocolitis model, mice, lacking mixed lineage kinase-like protein (MLKL), are more susceptible to infection. deficiency results in a defect in inflammasome activation, and IL-18 and IL-1β releases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInter-species somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) is significant in the study of biological problems such as embryonic genome activation and the mitochondrial function of embryos. Here, we used iSCNT as a model to determine whether abnormal embryo genome activation was caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. First, we found the ovine-bovine iSCNT embryos were developmentally blocked at the 8-cell stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao
August 2022
Myostatin () is known as growth/differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8). Knockout or knockdown of gene promotes muscle development and reduces fat content. Here we prepared knockdown mice by RNA interference, then the morphology of the skeletal muscle, the content of triglyceride (TG), the content and composition of fatty acids in the skeletal muscle were detected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCryopreservation of bovine semen plays a vital role in accelerating genetic improvement and elite breeding, but it has a detrimental effect on sperm quality, resulting in the decline of the reproductive efficiency. The glycosylation modification of protein has irreplaceable roles in spermatozoa. Herein, the effect of cryopreservation on glycoproteins of bovine spermatozoa has been studied for the first time using a tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled quantitative glycoproteome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging (Albany NY)
July 2022
Isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH) catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. IDH1 mutation has been reported in various tumors especially Cholangiocarcinoma, while the IDH1_R132H is reported to be the most common mutation of IDH1. IDH1_R132H inhibitors are effective anti-cancer drugs and have shown significant therapeutic effects in clinical.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to explore the genome-wide DNA methylation differences between muscle and tail-fat tissues of DairyMeade sheep (thin-tailed, lean carcass) and Mongolian sheep (fat-tailed, fat-deposited carcass). Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) was conducted and the global DNA methylation dynamics were mapped. Generally, CGs had a higher DNA methylation level than CHHs and CHGs, and tail-fat tissues had higher CG methylation levels than muscle tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring exercise, the body's organs and skeletal muscles produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS can destroy cellular lipids, sugars, proteins, and nucleotides and lead to cancer. The production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) by the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is an auxiliary process of the cellular antioxidant system that supplements the reducing power of glutathione (GSH) to eliminate ROS in the cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChinese Yellow Cattle, an ancient and domesticated breed for draft service, provide unique animal genetic resources with excellent genetic features, including crude feed tolerance, good stress resistance, strong adaptability, and tender meat quality; however, their production performance and meat yield are significantly inferior. Herein, the myostatin gene (), a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development, was knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Eight gene-edited bull calves (MT) were born, and six of them are well-developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe fatty acid dehydrogenase gene, derived from , encodes n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid dehydrogenase (Δ15 desaturase) and catalyzes the 18-20-carbon n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) to generate corresponding n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). Subsequently, fat-1 can influence the n-6: n-3 PUFA ratio in transgenic cells. This study aimed to explore which processes of energy metabolism are affected exogenous transgene and the relationship between these effects and DNA methylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModerate exercise can strengthen the body, however, exhaustive exercise generates large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although erythrocytes have antioxidant systems that quickly eliminate ROS, erythrocytes become overwhelmed by ROS when the body is under oxidative stress, such as during exhaustive exercise. Myostatin (MSTN) has important effects on muscle hair development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyostatin (MSTN), a major negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass and an endocrine factor, can regulate the metabolism of various organisms. Inhibition of the gene can improve meat production from livestock. Rumen microorganisms are associated with production and health traits of cattle, but changes in the microbial composition and metabolome in the four stomach compartments of gene-edited cattle have not previously been studied.
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