Enhancing colorectal cancer screening in high-risk population through fecal immunochemical test surveillance: Results from a surveillance program.

Background: Current guidelines recommend colonoscopy-based surveillance to decrease the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) among these participants with above-average risk. The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) holds promise as a viable alternative surveillance tool, but the existing evidence regarding the use of settings remains limited. Therefore, our aim is to evaluate the CRC incidence rates in individuals with above-average CRC risk and the relationship between FIT surveillance and CRC incidence.

Occurrences of nitrate-contaminated groundwater in the piedmont aquifers: hydrogeochemical characteristics and health risks.

Groundwater nitrate (NO) contamination is a global concern. The distribution patterns, enrichment mechanisms, and human health risks of NO contaminated groundwater were investigated using 144 groundwater samples collected from domestic and irrigation wells in the piedmonts of the North China Plain (Beijing and Shijiazhuang areas). The results showed that the groundwater was neutral to weakly alkaline, and 47% of the groundwater samples had NO concentrations exceeding 50 mg/L, a threshold proposed by world health organization to threaten infants up to 3 months.

Fecal Immunochemical Testing and the Risk of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia: A Difference-In-Difference Analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) in colorectal cancer screening.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study among 5,598 participants age 40-74 years between 2012 and 2020 in Tianjin, China. Inverse probability weighting was adopted to adjust for potential imbalanced factors between groups.

Simultaneous Detection of Aldehyde Metabolites by Light-Assisted Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

In the clinic, small-molecule metabolites (SMMs) in blood are highly convincing indicators for disease diagnosis, such as cancer. However, challenges still exist for detection of SMMs due to their low concentration and complicated components in blood. In this work, we report the design of a novel "selenium signature" nanoprobe (Se nanoprobe) for efficient identification of multiple aldehyde metabolites in blood.

Identification of sulfhydryl-containing proteins and further evaluation of the selenium-tagged redox homeostasis-regulating proteins.

Chemoproteomic profiling of sulfhydryl-containing proteins has consistently been an attractive research hotspot. However, there remains a dearth of probes that are specifically designed for sulfhydryl-containing proteins, possessing sufficient reactivity, specificity, distinctive isotopic signature, as well as efficient labeling and evaluation capabilities for proteins implicated in the regulation of redox homeostasis. Here, the specific selenium-containing probes (Se-probes) in this work displayed high specificity and reactivity toward cysteine thiols on small molecules, peptides and purified proteins and showed very good competitive effect of proteins labeling in gel-ABPP.

Effect of magnetic fields on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification microbial systems.

Magnetic fields positively influence the nitrogen removal efficiency in activated sludge systems. However, the structural succession pattern of microorganisms by magnetic fields still remains further explored. In this paper, a magnetic simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (MSND) reactor was constructed, and the influence of optimized magnetic field intensity (0, 10, 20 and 30 mT) on the nitrogen removal efficiency was investigated at HRT 6 h, 28.

Detection of Cysteine Sulfenic Acid on Proteins with a Biotin-Benzoboroxole Probe.

S-sulfenylation of cysteine residues on proteins can effectively change protein structures and accordingly regulate their functions in vivo. Investigation of S-sulfenylation in different biological environments is thus vital for a systematic understanding of cellular redox regulation. In this work, a functional probe, biotin-benzoboroxole (Bio-ben), was designed for the detection of cysteine sulfenic acid (Cys-SOH).

Association between use of antihypertensive drugs and the risk of cancer: a population-based cohort study in Shanghai.

Background: Previously studies shown a potential risk of antihypertensive medicines in relation to cancer susceptibility, which creating significant debate in the scientific community and public concern. We sought to investigate the relationship between antihypertensive medicines and cancer risk, by drug type and class.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study and enrolled patients diagnosed with hypertension from community healthcare centers in Changning District, Shanghai, China.

Data on human decision, feedback, and confidence during an artificial intelligence-assisted decision-making task.

The data are collected from a human subjects study in which 100 participants solve chess puzzle problems with artificial intelligence (AI) assistance. The participants are assigned to one of the two experimental conditions determined by the direction of the change in AI performance at problem 20: 1) high- to low-performing and 2) low- to high-performing. The dataset contains information about the participants' move before an AI suggestion, the goodness evaluation score of these moves, AI suggestion, feedback, and the participants' confidence in AI and self-confidence during three initial practice problems and 30 experimental problems.

ICSDA: a multi-modal deep learning model to predict breast cancer recurrence and metastasis risk by integrating pathological, clinical and gene expression data.

Breast cancer patients often have recurrence and metastasis after surgery. Predicting the risk of recurrence and metastasis for a breast cancer patient is essential for the development of precision treatment. In this study, we proposed a novel multi-modal deep learning prediction model by integrating hematoxylin & eosin (H&E)-stained histopathological images, clinical information and gene expression data.

Night shift work and depression among Chinese workers: the mediating role of sleep disturbances.

Background: Depression is considered as a global problem. Recently, the prevalence of depression among night shift workers has been attracting people's attention. This study aims to explore the associations among night shift work, shift frequency and depression among Chinese workers and to explore whether sleep disturbances are a critical factor.

Palladium(II)-Catalyzed C(sp)-H Bond Activation/C-N Bond Cleavage Annulation of -Methoxy Amides and Arynes.

The Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H bond activation/C-N bond cleavage annulation reaction of -alkyoxyamide aryne is developed to synthesize 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenone derivatives. This reaction exhibited good functional group compatibility with yields up to 92%. Detailed mechanistic studies showed that the key to C-N bond cleavage is the formed eight-membered palladacycle intermediate undergoing nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group, which provides a new and practical way for -alkoxyamide directed C-H bond activation.

The Effect of Silane Coupling Agent on the Texture and Properties of In Situ Synthesized PI/SiO Nanocomposite Film.

PI/SiO composite films have been prepared by using in situ polymerization. The influences of the dosage of silane coupling agent (KH-560) on the structure and performance of PI/SiO composite film have been investigated. The results show that in the components without KH-560, the addition of SiO decreases the transmittance of the sample.

In Situ Construction of COF-Based Paper Serving as a Plasmonic Substrate for Enhanced PSI-MS Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

Accurate detection, quantitation, and differentiation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their isomers in diverse samples is elusive for paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS). To address these issues, herein, for the first time, we propose to fabricate a novel, flexible, and stable paper substrate based on covalent organic frameworks (COFs) via an in situ method under room temperature in air. After embedding gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), this paper substrate (COFs-paper) could further serve as a multifunctional plasmonic matrix (AuNPs-COFs-paper) for dual-wavelength laser-assisted PSI-MS detection of PAHs and feasible paper surface-enhanced Raman scattering (pSERS)-aided isomer discrimination.

Designing a highly stable coordination-driven metallacycle for imaging-guided photodynamic cancer theranostics.

Coordination-driven self-assembly features good predictability and directionality in the construction of discrete metallacycles and metallacages with well-defined sizes and shapes, but their medicinal application has been limited by their low stability and solubility. Herein, we have designed and synthesized a highly stable coordination-driven metallacycle with desired functionality derived from a perylene-diimide ligand a spontaneous deprotonation self-assembly process. Brilliant chemical stability and singlet oxygen production ability of this emissive octanuclear organopalladium macrocycle make it a good candidate toward biological studies.

Data on the design and operation of drones by both individuals and teams.

Human subject experiments are performed to assess the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) agents on distributed human design teams and individual human designers. In the team experiment, participants in teams of six develop and operate a drone fleet to deliver parcels routed to multiple locations of a target market. Among the design teams in the experiment, half of the design teams are human-only teams with no available AI agent.

Synthesis and Properties of Polyimide Silica Nanocomposite Film with High Transparent and Radiation Resistance.

In order to prepare flexible glass cover sheet materials suitable for space solar cells, fluorinated diamine 2,2'-bistrifluoromethyl benzidine (TFDB) and fluorinated dianhydride 4,4' (hexafluoroisopropyl) diphthalic dianhydride (6FDA) as the monomer, polyimide (PI)/SiO composite film was synthesized by in situ polymerization, and the influence of coupling agent and SiO nanoparticle content on the film structure and properties was studied. The results show that PI synthesized from fluorine-containing monomers has better light transmittance, and the highest transmittance can reach 91.4%.

Fabrication of a "Selenium Signature" Chemical Probe-Modified Paper Substrate for Simultaneous and Efficient Determination of Biothiols by Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry.

Significant efforts have been made to develop robust and reliable methods for simultaneous biothiols determination in different matrices, but there still exist the problems such as easy oxidation, tedious derivatization, and difficulty in discrimination, which brings unsatisfactory results in their accuracy and fast quantification in biological samples. To overcome these problems, a simultaneous biothiols detection method combining a "selenium signature" chemical probe and paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) was proposed. In the strategy, the modified-paper substrate is used to enhance the analytical performance.

Fluorescence switch of gold nanoclusters stabilized with bovine serum albumin for efficient and sensitive detection of cysteine and copper ion in mice with Alzheimer's disease.

The near-infrared fluorescence of gold nanoclusters stabilized with bovine serum albumin (BSA -AuNCs) centered at 675 nm could be enhanced by cysteine and then effectively quenched by copper ion (Cu), therefore, cysteine and copper ion could be detected in sequence. At "on" state, fluorescence enhancement of BSA-AuNCs is generated due to the reaction between cysteine and BSA-AuNCs, via filling the surface defect of gold nanoclusters, while Cu can further oxidize the reductive sulfydryl of cysteine and interact with amino acids presented in the BSA chain, inducing gold nanoclusters to aggregate, thus causing "off" state with fluorescence quenching. Fluorescence switch of BSA-AuNCs can be used for cysteine and Cu detection in mice brain with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in vitro, with fast response, high chemical stability and sensitivity.

Covalent organic frameworks-based paper solid phase microextraction combined with paper spray mass spectrometry for highly enhanced analysis of tetrabromobisphenol A.

How to further improve the sensitivity of paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) is very important for its application in low content substance detection. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a kind of novel crystalline materials that exhibit tremendous potential for multifarious applications. Nevertheless, the applications of COFs in PS-MS are still unexplored.

Regional difference in global unified efficiency of China-Evidence from city-level data.

As the world's most energy-consuming and carbon-emitting country, China faces enormous pressures on energy conservation and emission reduction, and improving energy efficiency is one of the most important ways to save energy and reduce emissions. Using the city-level panel data in China during 2013-2017, we apply the global non-radial directional distance function (NDDF) to estimate the global unified efficiency (GUE) of each city as well as their driving forces, and identify the change of efficiency performance. The results indicate that the average GUE changed -1.

A new mitochondrion targetable fluorescent probe for carbon monoxide-specific detection and live cell imaging.

A new mitochondrion targetable molecular probe for carbon monoxide (CO)-specific detection based on palladium-free mediated opening of spirolactam was designed. The turn-on red fluorescence caused by CO enables a safe and powerful method for unravelling the function of CO in biological systems to be established.

A case against the trickle-down effect in technology ecosystems.

Technology evolution describes a change in a technology performance over time. The modeling of technology evolution is crucial for designers, entrepreneurs, and government officials to set reasonable R&D targets, invest in promising technology, and develop effective incentive policies. Scientists and engineers have developed several mathematical functions such as logistic function and exponential function (Moore's Law) to model technology evolution.

Fluorometric and colorimetric dual-readout alkaline phosphatase activity assay based on enzymatically induced formation of colored Au@Ag nanoparticles and an inner filter effect.

An ultrasensitive fluorometric and colorimetric dual-mode assay is described for the determination of the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). ALP catalyzes the decomposition of 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid, and the ascorbic acid thus generated reduces silver ions. In the presence of gold nanoparticles, gold-silver nanoparticles (Au@Ag NPs) are formed.

Reciprocal stimulating effects of bFGF and FSH on chicken primordial follicle activation through AKT and ERK pathway.

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) both play important roles in primordial follicle development. Here we investigated the reciprocal stimulation effects of a cytokine bFGF and FSH on primordial follicle development in the chicken and considered a possible signaling mechanism involving protein kinase B (AKT) and extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathways. 4-day-old chicken ovaries were treated with bFGF and FSH for 3 days in culture to investigate the effects of bFGF and FSH on primordial follicle development.