Gaussian Mixture Cardinalized Probability Hypothesis Density(GM-CPHD): A Distributed Filter Based on the Intersection of Parallel Inverse Covariances.

A distributed GM-CPHD filter based on parallel inverse covariance crossover is designed to attenuate the local filtering and uncertain time-varying noise affecting the accuracy of sensor signals. First, the GM-CPHD filter is identified as the module for subsystem filtering and estimation due to its high stability under Gaussian distribution. Second, the signals of each subsystem are fused by invoking the inverse covariance cross-fusion algorithm, and the convex optimization problem with high-dimensional weight coefficients is solved.

Effects of long-term nitrogen addition on dissolved organic matter characteristics in a temperate wetland of Northeast China.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an indispensable role in ecosystem services and functions in wetlands. While most wetlands have undergone increased nitrogen (N) loading due to intensive human activities, the response of DOM characteristics to long-term N addition remains unexplored. In this study, we assessed the changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), NH, NO, dissolved organic N (DON), dissolved total N (DTN), and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) in surface water and soil pore water at 15 cm depth after 10 years of N addition at four levels (0, 60, 120, and 240 kg N hm year) in a freshwater marsh of Northeast China.

The short-term and long-term effects of Fe(II) on the performance of anammox granules.

Fe(II) is one of the commonly used additives in wastewater treatment and proved to be beneficial for promoting microbial activity. In this study, the effects of Fe(II) on the specific anammox activity (SAA) and reactor performance were proved to be concentration-dependent. In the short-term experiment, low concentration of Fe(II) (5-80 mg/L) significantly enhanced the SAA, while high concentration of Fe(II) (120-300 mg/L) inhibited the SAA.

Systematic approach to evaluating environmental and ecological technologies for wastewater treatment.

Evaluating the performance of wastewater treatment represents a challenging and complex task as it usually involves engineering, environmental and economic (3E) factors. In this study, we developed an 3E triangle model to evaluate the performance of environmental technologies (i.e.