Effects of POPs-induced SIRT6 alteration on intestinal mucosal barrier function: A comprehensive review.

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are pervasive organic chemicals with significant environmental and ecological ramifications, extending to adverse human health effects due to their toxicity and persistence. The intestinal mucosal barrier, a sophisticated defense mechanism comprising the epithelial layer, mucosal chemistry, and cellular immunity, shields the host from external threats and fosters a symbiotic relationship with intestinal bacteria. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a sirtuin family member, is pivotal in genome and telomere stability, inflammation regulation, and metabolic processes.

Real-world impact of chemotherapy on overall survival in craniomaxillofacial osteosarcoma.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to identify the survival benefit of chemotherapy in craniomaxillofacial osteosarcoma (CMFO) patients based on a US population.

Materials And Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to select patients with CMFO from 1988 to 2016. Age and tumor size were grouped by X-tail.

Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of gastric cardia cancer.

Background And Aim: Aberrant DNA methylation has been found in various cancer types including gastric cancer, yet the genome-wide DNA methylation profile of gastric cardia cancer (GCC) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to profile the DNA methylation pattern of GCC and identify promising diagnostic epigenetic biomarkers.

Methods: We investigated the genome-wide DNA methylation pattern in eight pairs of GCC and adjacent normal tissues using Illumina 850K microarrays.

Engineered fabrication of EGCG-UV absorber conjugated nano-assemblies for antioxidative sunscreens with broad-band absorption.

Applying sunscreen is a common, convenient, and effective measure to protect skin from ultraviolet (UV) damage, but most of UV absorbers in the present commercially available sunscreens are accompanied with the insufficiencies in terms of efficacy and biosafety. The use of nanotechnology to combine conventional UV absorbers with biocompatible natural products is a feasible strategy to combat these deficiencies. Herein, a simple, green and engineering preparation of broad-band sunscreens was demonstrated by the molecular assembly of a UV absorber aminobenzoic acid (ABA) and polyphenol extracted from green tea (EGCG).

Size Changeable Nanomedicines Assembled by Noncovalent Interactions of Responsive Small Molecules for Enhancing Tumor Therapy.

The size of nanocarriers strongly affects their performance in biological systems, especially the capacity to overcome various barriers before delivering the payloads to destinations. However, the optimum size varies at different delivery stages in cancer therapy due to the complicated tumor microenvironment. Relatively large particles are favored for long-term circulation , while smaller particles contribute to deep penetration into tumor tissues.

E-waste polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure leads to child gut-mucosal inflammation and adaptive immune response.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure alters immunological responses. Research concerning PAH exposure on intestinal immunity of children in electronic waste (e-waste) areas is scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants on intestinal mucosal immunity of children in e-waste areas.

Lead (Pb) exposure and heart failure risk.

Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal with widespread industrial use, but it is also a widespread environmental contaminant with serious toxicological consequences to many species. Pb exposure adversely impacts the cardiovascular system in humans, leading to cardiac dysfunction, but its effects on heart failure risk remain poorly elucidated. To better understand the pathophysiological effects of Pb, we review potential mechanisms by which Pb exposure leads to cardiac dysfunction.

Biocompatible, Antioxidant Nanoparticles Prepared from Natural Renewable Tea Polyphenols and Human Hair Keratins for Cell Protection and Anti-inflammation.

Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidative stress of tissues and adversely influence homeostasis of the body. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with an antioxidative effect can effectively eliminate the ROS, but an evident weakness associated with it is the relatively poor cytocompatibility. Combining with other biomacromolecules such as human hair keratin (KE) and using nanotechnology to prepare nanoparticles can improve this situation.

Alginate-Assisted Mineralization of Collagen by Collagen Reconstitution and Calcium Phosphate Formation.

The understanding of the mineralization of collagen for bone formation is a current key theme in bone tissue engineering and is of great relevance to the fabrication of novel biomimetic bone grafting materials. The noncollagenous proteins (NCPs) play a vital role in bone formation and are considered to be responsible for regulating intrafibrillar penetration of minerals into collagen fibrils by means of their abundant polyanionic domains. In this study, alginate, as a NCPs analogue, was introduced in the mineralization of collagen to mediate the collagen self-assembly with simultaneous hydroxyapatite (HA) synthesis.

Synthesis and characterization of injectable self-healing hydrogels based on oxidized alginate-hybrid-hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and carboxymethyl chitosan.

Injectable hydrogels are of great interest in tissue engineering, and those incorporating hydroxyapatite (HA) are especially acclaimed in the application of bone repair. Synthetic micro-HA were generally used for this purpose and in some cases, surface modification of HA was further applied to improve the interfacial compatibility of rigid inorganic HA with soft organic matrix. In this study, the injectable hydrogels based on oxidized alginate hybrid HA nanoparticles and carboxymethyl chitosan were achieved via Schiff base reaction.

Natural polysaccharide-incorporated hydroxyapatite as size-changeable, nuclear-targeted nanocarrier for efficient cancer therapy.

Targeted delivery of anticancer drugs is one of the most promising methods for cancer therapy. However, barriers including complicated procedures, costly preparation, and toxic side effects have restricted the development of nuclear-targeted nanocarriers. Natural polysaccharides as extracellular matrix constituents or analogs play an important role in biomineralization.

General Nanomedicine Platform by Solvent-Mediated Disassembly/Reassembly of Scalable Natural Polyphenol Colloidal Spheres.

The current strategy using the assembly of medicines and active functional molecules to develop nanomedicines often requires both molecules to have a specific matched chemical molecular structure; however, this is often difficult to predict, execute, and control in practical applications. Herein, we reported a general solvent-mediated disassembly/reassembly strategy for preparing nanomedicines based on epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) active molecules. The polyphenol colloidal spheres (CSs) were self-assembled from molecular condensed EGCG in aqueous solution but disassembled in organic solvents and reassembled in aqueous solution.

Micro-/Nanomechanics Dependence of Biomimetic Matrices upon Collagen-Based Fibrillar Aggregation and Arrangement.

The mechanical and morphological cues of fibrillar extracellular matrices (ECMs) play vital roles in controlling the cellular behaviors. Understanding and regulating the correlation of the mechanics with morphologies, at the micro-/nanoscale are of great relevance to guide the growth and differentiation of stem or progenitor cells into the desired tissues. However, the investigations directed toward acquiring such a kind of correlation are very limited and far from satisfactory.

Preparation of Strong Antioxidative, Therapeutic Nanoparticles Based on Amino Acid-Induced Ultrafast Assembly of Tea Polyphenols.

Nanoformulations offer the opportunity to overcome the shortcomings of drug molecules, such as low solubility, side effects, insufficient stability, etc., but in most of the current nanomedicines, nanocarriers as excipients do not directly participate in the therapy procedure. Accordingly, it is promising to develop the nanotherapeutics composed entirely of pharmaceutically active molecules.

Expression and Significance of MyD88 in Patients With Gastric Cardia Cancer in a High-Incidence Area of China.

Gastric cardia cancer (GCC) arises in the area of the stomach adjoining the esophageal-gastric junction and has unique risk factors. It was suggested that the involvement of is associated with GCC from high-risk population. Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is a crucial adaptor molecule in Toll-like signaling pathway recognizing .

Parry-Romberg Syndrome With Hemimasticatory Spasm: A Rare Combination.

Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare craniofacial disorder characterized by progressive hemifacial atrophy with systematic manifestations. The combination with hemimasticatory spasm is rare, with only 9 patients reported before. In this study, a study of a young male patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome and hemimasticatory spasm on his left side was presented.

Freeze-thaw cycles for biocompatible, mechanically robust scaffolds of human hair keratins.

The keratin-based scaffolds are getting more and more attention in the application of tissue engineering. Though various approaches have been considered to improve the physical properties of these scaffolds, few succeeded in achieving the enhanced properties of the pure keratin scaffolds. Due to the presence of -OH, -NH , >CO, and -SH on the extracted human hair keratin (HHK), the formation of hydrogen bonds and disulfide bridges could be triggered under certain conditions, leading to the self-cross-linking of HHK materials.

Applicability and accuracy of Demirjian and Willems methods in a population of Eastern Chinese subadults.

Background: To assess the validity of the Demirjian and Willems dental age estimation methods in a population of Eastern Chinese 11-18-year-old subadults.

Samples And Methods: A total of 1622 orthopantomograms (787 boys and 835 girls) aged from 11.00 to 18.

RhBMP-2 and concomitant rapid material degradation synergistically promote bone repair and regeneration with collagen-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites.

The effective treatment of bone defects is still a great challenge in clinical practice. Synthetic bone-grafting substitutes of composition and structure analogous to bone as well as incorporated with growth factors are considered to be a promising solution. In this study, a collagen-hydroxyapatite (CHA) nanocomposite scaffold was developed by collagen self-assembly with simultaneous HA synthesis.

Clinicopathological Features and Increased Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 of Gastric Cardia Cancer in a High-Risk Chinese Population.

The incidence of gastric cardia cancer (GCC) is high in China. However, the clinicopathological characteristics and the carcinogenesis of GCC are unclear. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an important innate immunity receptor and has a role in non-GCC (NGCC).

Delicate Assembly of Ultrathin Hydroxyapatite Nanobelts with Nanoneedles Directed by Dissolved Cellulose.

Living organisms make use of a variety of inorganic and organic components to form biogenic minerals with hierarchical structures and fascinating properties, triggering the development of biomimetic mineralization. The introduction of organic additive is a versatile strategy, and a wide range of organics have already been adopted to mimic biosystems designing and synthesizing advanced functional minerals. Insoluble cellulose is the most abundant polysaccharide in nature, but the insolubility has limited its extensive applications.

Size-controlled, colloidally stable and functional nanoparticles based on the molecular assembly of green tea polyphenols and keratins for cancer therapy.

While intelligent nanoparticles with therapeutic effects provide a resolving strategy for low drug loading efficacy, poor metabolism and elimination of current nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, precise preparation of colloidally stable but stimuli-responsive nanocarriers with size tunability is still a challenging task. Here, we develop a facile and sustainable method through the use of naturally reproducible green tea polyphenols and hair keratins to prepare biocompatible, colloidally stable, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles with therapeutic effects. The present strategy simply involves covalent interactions of tea catechins and keratins, giving rise to the molecular assembly of size-controlled nanoparticles (30-230 nm) which are long-term colloidally stable at physiological media but are disassembled under pathological conditions, ideally for targeted delivery of anticancer drugs.

Patrilineal background of the She minority population from Chaoshan Fenghuang Mountain, an isolated mountain region, in China.

The She ethnic minority population is distributed in southern China. The origin of the She population has been controversial. The purpose of this work was to investigate the genomic diversity of She.

640-Gbit/s fast physical random number generation using a broadband chaotic semiconductor laser.

An ultra-fast physical random number generator is demonstrated utilizing a photonic integrated device based broadband chaotic source with a simple post data processing method. The compact chaotic source is implemented by using a monolithic integrated dual-mode amplified feedback laser (AFL) with self-injection, where a robust chaotic signal with RF frequency coverage of above 50 GHz and flatness of ±3.6 dB is generated.

Long-range and high-resolution correlation optical time-domain reflectometry using a monolithic integrated broadband chaotic laser.

We experimentally demonstrate a compact, long-range, high-resolution chaotic correlation optical time-domain reflectometry based on a monolithic integrated chaotic laser (MICL). The MICL can directly generate a broadband chaotic signal covering a RF frequency range of over 40 GHz. Multi-reflection events can be precisely located in a detection range of ∼47  km with a range-independent resolution of 2.