Bionic Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Energy-Dense and Rapid Zinc Ion Storage.

Suboptimal spatial utilization and inefficient access to internal porosity preclude porous carbon cathodes from delivering high energy density in zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs). Inspired by the function of capillaries in biological systems, this study proposes a facile coordination-pyrolysis method to fabricate thin-walled hollow carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with optimized pore structure and surface functional groups for ZIHCs. The capillary-like CNFs maximize the electrode/electrolyte interface area, facilitating the optimal utilization of energy storage sites.

Plasma bile acid profile analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application in healthy subjects and IBD patients.

Bile acids (BAs), not only promote the absorption of fat-soluble nutrients and regulate the metabolism of multiple substances but also have a potential role as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in a variety of diseases such as cholestasis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and diabetes mellitus. Here, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of 50 BAs was developed and validated. Sample preparation included internal standard spiking, followed by protein precipitation, centrifugation, solvent evaporation, and reconstitution.

Nuclear imaging of PD-L1 expression promotes the synergistic antitumor efficacy of targeted radionuclide therapy and immune checkpoint blockade.

Purpose: In order to maximize synergistic effect of targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) as well as reduce the toxicity, we pioneered a strategy guided by PD-L1-targeted nuclear medicine imaging for the combination of TRT and ICB towards precision cancer therapy.

Methods: As a novel targeted radiotherapeutic agent, Lu-AB-3PRGD targeting integrin αβ was developed to achieve sustained antitumor effect by introducing an albumin binder (AB) into the structure of 3PRGD. The Lu-AB-3PRGD TRT as well as different types of combination therapies of Lu-AB-3PRGD TRT and anti-PD-L1 ICB were performed in animal models.

Can the preoperative CT-based deep learning radiomics model predict histologic grade and prognosis of chondrosarcoma?

Background And Purpose: Computed tomography (CT) and biopsy may be insufficient for preoperative evaluation of the grade and outcome of patients with chondrosarcoma. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a CT-based deep learning radiomics model (DLRM) for predicting histologic grade and prognosis in chondrosarcoma (CS).

Methods: A multicenter 211 (training cohort/ test cohort, 127/84) CS patients were enrolled.

Bimolecular Salt Strategy Enhances Heteroatom Doping and Porosity Optimization of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors.

The incompatibility between electrolyte ions and electrode pore sizes, coupled with the extensive use of activators and dopants, significantly restricts the fabrication of porous carbon materials. Consequently, developing environmentally sustainable and efficient methodologies that exploit the intrinsic properties and pretreatment of materials to facilitate self-activation and self-doping becomes crucial. In this study, potassium histidine and magnesium histidine molecular salts were synthesized as precursors, enabling specific ion activation and bimetallic template-directed tunable porosity through a one-step carbonization process.

N/O Co-doped Porous Carbon with Controllable Porosity Synthesized via an All-in-One Step Method for a High-Rate-Performance Supercapacitor.

A green and economical methodology to fabricate carbon-based materials with suitable pore size distributions is needed to achieve rapid electrolyte diffusion and improve the performance of supercapacitors. Here, a method combining templates with self-activation and self-doping is proposed. By variation of the molar ratio of magnesium folate and potassium folate, the pore size distribution was effectively adjusted.

High Capacitance Performance N, O Codoped Carbon Foams Synthesized via an All-In-One Step Carbonization of Molecular Salt Strategy.

The preparation of porous carbon is constrained by the extensive use and detrimental impact of activators and dopants. Therefore, developing green and efficient strategies that leverage the intrinsic properties and pretreatment of the materials to achieve self-activation and self-doping is particularly crucial for porous carbon materials. Herein, potassium histidine was utilized as the molecular salt precursor, attaining the efficient and streamlined preparation of porous carbon through a one-step carbonization process that enables self-activation, self-doping, and self-templating.

Simultaneous determination of three tyrosine kinase inhibitors and three triazoles in human plasma by LC-MS/MS: applications to therapeutic drug monitoring and drug-drug interaction studies.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and triazole antifungals are the first-line drugs for treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and fungal infections, respectively, but both suffer from large exposure differences and narrow therapeutic windows. Moreover, these two types of drugs are commonly used together in CML patients with fungal infections. Multiple studies and guidelines have suggested the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of TKIs and triazoles.

Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of polymixin B1, B2, ile-B1, E1, and E2 in human plasma and its clinical pharmacokinetic application.

Polymyxin B (PB) and Polymyxin E (PE, also called colistin) are used as the last treatment resort for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. The nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity of polymyxins limit their clinical use, and guidelines recommend therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to optimize efficacy and reduce toxicity. However, there are limited analytical methods available for the determination of PB and PE.

Radiomics nomogram based on CT radiomics features and clinical factors for prediction of Ki-67 expression and prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a two-center study.

Objectives: To develop and validate a radiomics nomogram combining radiomics features and clinical factors for preoperative evaluation of Ki-67 expression status and prognostic prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: Two medical centers of 185 ccRCC patients were included, and each of them formed a training group (n = 130) and a validation group (n = 55). The independent predictor of Ki-67 expression status was identified by univariate and multivariate regression, and radiomics features were extracted from the preoperative CT images.

Small animal PET imaging with the Ga-labeled pH (low) insertion peptide-like peptide YJL-4 in a triple-negative breast cancer mouse model.

Background: The aim of this study was to prepare a novel Ga-labeled pH (low) insertion peptide (pHLIP)-like peptide, YJL-4, and determine its value for the early diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) via in vivo imaging of tumor-bearing nude mice. The novel peptide YJL-4 was designed using a template-assisted method and synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis. After modification with the chelator 1,4,7‑triazacyclononane-N,N',N″-triacetic acid (NOTA), the peptide was labeled with Ga.

The status of nuclear medicine in China: the first official national survey.

Aim/introduction: The National Nuclear Medicine Quality Control Center of China conducted the first official survey to investigate the nationwide situation of nuclear medicine in 2020. The survey aimed to unveil the current nuclear medicine situation and its quality control in China.

Materials And Methods: The web-based survey was conducted and the data was collected via the National Clinical Improvement System (NCIS) of China from 1st April to 31st May 2021.

Development and validation of a clinic-radiological model to predict tumor spread through air spaces in stage I lung adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) is associated with poor prognosis and impacts surgical options. We aimed to develop a user-friendly model based on 2-[F] FDG PET/CT to predict STAS in stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LAC).

Materials And Methods: A total of 466 stage I LAC patients who underwent 2-[F] FDG PET/CT examination and resection surgery were retrospectively enrolled.

Clinical value of [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT for assessing early-stage liver fibrosis in adult liver transplantation recipients compared with chronic HBV patients.

Aims: To investigate the clinical value and performance of [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT in assessing early-stage liver fibrosis in liver transplantation (LT) recipients.

Methods: A prospective study including 17 LT recipients and 12 chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) patients was conducted. All patients received liver biopsy, transient elastography (TE), and [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT.

Ct-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for predicting prognosis in osteosarcoma: A multicenter study.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of CT-based intratumoral, peritumoral and combined radiomics signatures in predicting prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.

Methods: The data of 202 patients (training cohort:102, testing cohort:100) with osteosarcoma admitted to the two hospitals from August 2008 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were used as the end points.

Intratumoral and peritumoral CT radiomics in predicting prognosis in patients with chondrosarcoma: a multicenter study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the CT-based intratumoral, peritumoral, and combined radiomics signatures in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with chondrosarcoma (CS).

Methods: In this study, patients diagnosed with CS between January 2009 and January 2022 were retrospectively screened, and 214 patients with CS from two centers were respectively enrolled into the training cohorts (institution 1, n = 113) and test cohorts (institution 2, n = 101). The intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features were extracted from CT images.

Low F-fluorodeoxyglucose dose positron emission tomography assisted by a deep-learning image-denoising technique in patients with lymphoma.

Background: Patients with lymphoma receive multiple positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) exams for monitoring of the therapeutic response. With PET imaging, a reduced level of injected fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) activity can be administered while maintaining the image quality. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of applying a deep learning (DL) denoising-technique on image quality and the quantification of metabolic parameters and Deauville score (DS) of a low [F]FDG dose PET in patients with lymphoma.

Synthesis and Preliminary Study of Tc-Labeled HYNIC-FAPi for Imaging of Fibroblast Activation Proteins in Tumors.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is an emerging target for cancer diagnosis. Different types of FAP inhibitor (FAPI)-based radiotracers have been developed and applied for tumor imaging. However, few FAPI tracers for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging have been reported.

Tc-Labeled FAPI SPECT Imaging in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Preliminary Results.

Aim: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with a poor prognosis, presenting the most aggressive form of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Activated fibroblasts are crucial for pathological processes. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitor (FAPI) tracers would be promising imaging agents for these diseases.

A preoperative CT-based deep learning radiomics model in predicting the stage, size, grade and necrosis score and outcome in localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma: A multicenter study.

Background And Purpose: The Stage, Size, Grade and Necrosis (SSIGN) score is the most commonly used prognostic model in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. It is a great challenge to preoperatively predict SSIGN score and outcome of ccRCC patients. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a CT-based deep learning radiomics model (DLRM) for predicting SSIGN score and outcome in localized ccRCC.

A CT-based deep learning radiomics nomogram outperforms the existing prognostic models for outcome prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a multicenter study.

Objectives: To develop and validate a CT-based deep learning radiomics nomogram (DLRN) for outcome prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and its performance was compared with the Stage, Size, Grade, and Necrosis (SSIGN) score, the University of California, Los Angeles, Integrated Staging System (UISS), the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), and the International Metastatic Renal Cell Database Consortium (IMDC).

Methods: A multicenter of 799 localized (training/ test cohort, 558/241) and 45 metastatic ccRCC patients were studied. A DLRN was developed for predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) in localized ccRCC patients, and another DLRN was developed for predicting overall survival (OS) in metastatic ccRCC patients.

Stress-Related Neural Activity Associates With Coronary Plaque Vulnerability and Subsequent Cardiovascular Events.

Background: Stress-related neural activity (SNA) assessed by amygdalar activity can predict cardiovascular events. However, its mechanistic linkage with plaque vulnerability is not fully elucidated.

Objectives: The authors aimed to investigate the association of SNA with coronary plaque morphologic and inflammatory features as well as their ability in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Differentiation of benign versus malignant indistinguishable vertebral compression fractures by different machine learning with MRI-based radiomic features.

Objectives: To explore an optimal machine learning (ML) model trained on MRI-based radiomic features to differentiate benign from malignant indistinguishable vertebral compression fractures (VCFs).

Methods: This retrospective study included patients within 6 weeks of back pain (non-traumatic) who underwent MRI and were diagnosed with benign and malignant indistinguishable VCFs. The two cohorts were retrospectively recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (QUH) and Qinghai Red Cross Hospital (QRCH).